1. Bryophytes and Fern: The Seedless Plant
PLANTS
• Multicellular
• Embryos reproduction via sexual reproduction
• Cellulose rich cell wall
• Chlorophyll a and b
• Starch as primary food reserve
Seed plants Seedless plants
gymnosperm angiosperm bryophytes fern
(lacks true xylem and phloem)
Bryophytes: (mosses, hornworts, liverworts)
First organisms to invade land
Land adaptations of plants: Lignin
waxy water proof cuticle
Bryophytes: Lack lignin and thin one cell
layered cuticle
Vulnerable to environment? 16,000 species
Bryophytes
• small green plants, produce chlorophyll a and b
• starch as storage and cell wall made of
cellulose
• lack advanced vacuolar system and moving
sperms
• possess root like rhizoid but absor