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By: Nikki Frye
What is the Rock Cycle?
 The concept of the rock cycle is attributed to
  James Hutton (1726—1797), the 18th-century
  founder of modern geology.
 The main idea is that rocks are continually
  changing from one type to another and back
  again, as forces inside the earth bring them
  closer to the surface (where they are weathered,
  eroded, and compacted) and forces on the earth
  sink them back down (where they are heated,
  pressed, and melted). So the elements that make
  up rocks are never created or destroyed —
  instead, they are constantly being recycled.
The Rock Cycle is a model that illustrates
the origins of the three basic types of rock &
the processes in which they form.

 Sedimentary


 Metamorphic


 Igneous
Sedimentary Rock
 For thousands, even
  millions of years, little
  pieces of our earth have
  been eroded--broken down
  and worn away
  by wind and water. These
  little bits of our earth are
  washed downstream
  where they settle to the
  bottom of the rivers, lakes,
  and oceans. Layer after
  layer of eroded earth is
  deposited on top of each.
  These layers are pressed
  down more and more
  through time, until the
  bottom layers slowly turn
  into rock.
Metamorphic Rock
                Metamorphic rocks are
                   rocks that have
                   quot;morphedquot; into another
                   kind of rock. These
                   rocks were once
                   igneous or sedimentary
                   rocks. How do
                   sedimentary and
                   igneous rocks change?
                   The rocks are under
                   tons and tons of
                   pressure, which fosters
                   heat build up, and this
                   causes them to change.
                   If you exam
                   metamorphic rock
                   samples closely, you'll
                   discover how flattened
                   some of the grains in
                   the rock are.
Igneous Rock
 Igneous rocks are formed
  either underground or above
  ground. Underground, they
  are formed when the melted
  rock, called magma, deep
  within the earth becomes
  trapped in small pockets. As
  these pockets of magma cool
  slowly underground, the
  magma becomes igneous
  rocks.
 Igneous rocks are also
  formed when volcanoes
  erupt, causing the magma to
  rise above the earth's surface.
  When magma appears above
  the earth, it is called lava.
  Igneous rocks are formed as
  the lava cools above ground.
How the Rock Cycle Works
As you can see from
the picture,
sedimentary rocks
are formed from
burial and
sedimentation. These
rocks can then
undergo deep burial
& heating to become
metamorphic rocks.
Metamorphic rocks
can be uplifted to the
surface where they
undergo weathering
to eventually become
sedimentary rocks or
they can melt and the
magma can undergo
crystallization to
become igneous
rock.
The Rock Cycle Continues

 Everyday, little pieces of the mountain rock are
  worn away by water and wind.
 Those pieces collect somewhere and are
  compressed into new sedimentary rocks, which
  will continue to change and reenter the cycle as
  different metamorphic rocks or as melted material
  that can form new igneous rock.
 Then, the process will begin all over again.

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Presentation#1

  • 2. What is the Rock Cycle?  The concept of the rock cycle is attributed to James Hutton (1726—1797), the 18th-century founder of modern geology.  The main idea is that rocks are continually changing from one type to another and back again, as forces inside the earth bring them closer to the surface (where they are weathered, eroded, and compacted) and forces on the earth sink them back down (where they are heated, pressed, and melted). So the elements that make up rocks are never created or destroyed — instead, they are constantly being recycled.
  • 3. The Rock Cycle is a model that illustrates the origins of the three basic types of rock & the processes in which they form.  Sedimentary  Metamorphic  Igneous
  • 4. Sedimentary Rock  For thousands, even millions of years, little pieces of our earth have been eroded--broken down and worn away by wind and water. These little bits of our earth are washed downstream where they settle to the bottom of the rivers, lakes, and oceans. Layer after layer of eroded earth is deposited on top of each. These layers are pressed down more and more through time, until the bottom layers slowly turn into rock.
  • 5. Metamorphic Rock  Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have quot;morphedquot; into another kind of rock. These rocks were once igneous or sedimentary rocks. How do sedimentary and igneous rocks change? The rocks are under tons and tons of pressure, which fosters heat build up, and this causes them to change. If you exam metamorphic rock samples closely, you'll discover how flattened some of the grains in the rock are.
  • 6. Igneous Rock  Igneous rocks are formed either underground or above ground. Underground, they are formed when the melted rock, called magma, deep within the earth becomes trapped in small pockets. As these pockets of magma cool slowly underground, the magma becomes igneous rocks.  Igneous rocks are also formed when volcanoes erupt, causing the magma to rise above the earth's surface. When magma appears above the earth, it is called lava. Igneous rocks are formed as the lava cools above ground.
  • 7. How the Rock Cycle Works As you can see from the picture, sedimentary rocks are formed from burial and sedimentation. These rocks can then undergo deep burial & heating to become metamorphic rocks. Metamorphic rocks can be uplifted to the surface where they undergo weathering to eventually become sedimentary rocks or they can melt and the magma can undergo crystallization to become igneous rock.
  • 8. The Rock Cycle Continues  Everyday, little pieces of the mountain rock are worn away by water and wind.  Those pieces collect somewhere and are compressed into new sedimentary rocks, which will continue to change and reenter the cycle as different metamorphic rocks or as melted material that can form new igneous rock.  Then, the process will begin all over again.