Presentation at the 16th IADG meeting, Berlin, Germany: 18-20/11

1. Mycotoxins contamination
of animal feed
Francois Stepman
November 18th
- 20th
2015 Berlin
16th annual meeting of the Inter-Agency Donor Group
(IADG) on pro-poor livestock research and development
courtesy of Prof. dr. Siska CROUBELS
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Ghent University
www.mytox.be

2. • Introduction
• AflaNet to be funded by German BLE
• Influencing EC funded research
Outline of the presentation

3. 01-02 October 2014. Berlin, Germany. Federal
Ministry for Economic Development and
Cooperation (BMZ).
Expert meeting on Food Safety for Nutrition Security

4. 4

5. Mycotoxins:
• Introduction
• Effects in animals
• Effects on intestinal barrier function
• Consequences of impaired barrier function
• Transfer of residues to animal food products
Effects on animal health

6. Pig reduced performance
reduced feed utilization and efficiency
impaired fertility
skin lesions
Poultry reduced performance
“fatty liver” syndrome
decreased egg production
poor carcass quality
Cattle reduced milk yield
impaired fertility
mastitis
ketonuria
Horse neurotoxic syndrome
Subclinical doses: immunosuppressive effects
CLINICAL EFFECTS IN ANIMALS
dr. J. Leus
www.mycotoxins.info
www.thepoultrysite.com

7. Dependent on
- type and dose
- duration of exposure
- species, gender, age, health status
- synergistic effects (single vs. multiple toxins)
www.efsa.eu.int
www.knowmycotoxins.com
www.thepoultrysite.com
www.mycotoxins.info
CLINICAL EFFECTS IN ANIMALS

8. EFFECTS OF MYCOTOXINS
www.mycotoxins.info

9. EFFECTS OF MYCOTOXINS
www.mycotoxins.info

10. EFFECTS OF MYCOTOXINS
www.mycotoxins.info

11. Small intestine:
• Absorption of water and nutrients
• Dynamic barrier
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT: FIRST TARGET FOR
MYCOTOXINS

12. MYCOTOXINS IMPAIR INTESTINAL BARRIER
Altered intestinal functions:
CONSEQUENCES?
Enhanced susceptibility to enteric infections?
Altered digestion and absorption of nutrients?
Altered absorption of veterinary drugs and feed additives?
Toxins, 2014

13. TRANSFER OF MYCOTOXINS TO ANIMAL FOOD
PRODUCTS

14. •Feed contamination: 1 mycotoxin << multimycotoxin
(1+1 = sometimes 3)
•Effect of high contamination levels of the feed (rare) on animal health
is mostly known, however the effects of low to moderate
contamination levels (frequently occurring) is less well-known
•Even low contamination levels (< max. EU guidance levels) can have a
negative effect on poultry, pigs, …
•Economic impact of mycotoxins ≠ animals with clinical mycotoxicosis
TAKE-HOME MESSAGES

15. •Negative impact on the intestinal morphology and function:
-enhanced susceptibility for infectious diseases
-altered digestion and absorption of nutrients
-altered absorption of veterinary drugs
•Modulate the immune response
•(Partial) hydrolysis of masked DON and release of native DON in
poultry and pigs
•Limited transfer of residues to animal food products, except e.g. for
aflatoxin B1 (M1) to milk and ochratoxin A to kidney tissue
TAKE-HOME MESSAGES

16. AflaNET
Networking on aflatoxin reduction in the food value chain
Application at BLE German Federal Office for Agriculture and Food
Joint cooperation in the area of combating Aflatoxin contamination
Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals

17. 16th annual meeting of the Inter-Agency Donor Group (IADG)
on pro-poor livestock research and development
17.11.15 17
Associated partners
• JKI Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants
• FLI Federal Research Institute for Animal Health
• PAEPARD Platform for African – European Partnership
• EAFF Eastern Africa Farmers Federation
• KALROKenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization
• ILRI International Livestock Research Institute
• AflaStop Project funded by the ACDI/VOCA organization
• GIZ GmbH Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
MRI – Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food
The goal is to initiate a long-lasting scientific network between African and German
partners by working out the possibilities to reduce aflatoxins in the food value chain
via close contacts.
Project leader MRI Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food
Dr. Christine Schwake-Anduschus
Budget 173.312 – Duration 12/2015 – 12/2016

18. 16th annual meeting of the Inter-Agency Donor Group (IADG)
on pro-poor livestock research and development
Workpackages
17.11.15 18MRI – Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food
WP 2
Applicability
of rapid test
kits for
aflatoxin
detection
WP 3
Aflatoxin M1
development:
Knowledge
about the ratio
B1
feed/M1milk
WP 4
Aflatoxin B1
inactivation of
biosynthesis
at the
molecular
level
WP 6 dissemination of project results,
Networking East-Africa and Kenya-Germany
Prospects of Minimization of Aflatoxin in Feed and Food in Kenya
Long lasting Cooperation of
German Federal Institutes and Kenyan/ East-African Key Actors
Installation of sustainable relationships
WP 1
Liasion officer in Kenya
Excursion and
Experts survey on site
Conference and
exchange
with scientists and
active groups in Kenya,
e.g. EAFF, KALRO, ILRI,
PACA, MRI, JKI, FLI
Germany Kenya
WP 5 Capacity building:
visits of Kenyan scientists at MRI

19. 16th annual meeting of the Inter-Agency Donor Group (IADG)
on pro-poor livestock research and development
Please contact the project leader
Dr. Christine Schwake-Anduschus
Max Rubner-Institut
Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals
Schuetzenberg 12
32756 Detmold, Germany
Tel 0049 (0) 5231 741 132
Christine.Schwake-Anduschus@mri.bund.de
www.mri.bund.de
Advisory participation is appreciated !
11/17/15 19MRI – Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food

21. 1. mobile phone apps on awareness creation and
moisture control;
2. the use of binders in feed to reduce waste and give
an incentive to farmers for contaminated crops
which should be destroyed;
3. biological control measures: in particular the use of
antagonistic bio control agents in addition to the bio
control agent ‘aflasafe™’. The use of Trichoderma
strains or extracts as bio-fertilizer or bioagents also
out-competes Aspergius flavius in the soil.
Recommended research topics