Statistics

Reference interval ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Summarizing data “Average” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sensitivity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Specificity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Prevalence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

PPV and NPV ,[object Object],[object Object]

Sensitivity = TP/(TP+FN) Specificity = TN/(TN+FP) PPV = TP/(TP+FP) NPV = TN /(FN+TN) Disease No Disease Test Positive TP FP Test Negative FN TN

Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Disease No Disease Test positive 90 1980 2070 Test Negative 10 7920 7930 100 9900 10,000

Answer ,[object Object],[object Object]

Likelihood ratio ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Answer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

SD and SE ,[object Object],[object Object]

Standard Error ,[object Object],[object Object]

If study number increases… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

P- Value ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object]

Errors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Power ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Relative Risk and Absolute Risk ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Odds ratio ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Example RR= I T /I C = 0.75= 25 % reduction in death. AR= I T -I C = 2 per 1000 (2/1000) Need to treat 1000 people to prevent 2 more deaths than control treatment. Number Deaths Cumulative incidence Treatment 1000 6 I T = 6/1000 Control 1000 8 I C = 8/1000

Example Odds ratio= ad/bc RR= a(b+d)/b(a+c) Disease No Disease Positive test a c a + c Negative test b d b + d a+b c + d N

NNT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Selection bias ,[object Object]

Statistics

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Statistics