2.  Why do you think the Spaniards used the
natives to work under the encomienda
systems?
 What pursued the Spanish to explore
new lands?

3.  Genaese sea captain
 Planned to travel around Africa to
eastern Asia (East Indies)
 Miscalculated and ended up in the
Caribbean Islands
 On April 3, 1492 he found present day
South America

4.  Named the native people Indians
(called them that because he miss
calculated and thought he was in the
east indies)
 Exchanged many gifts with the native
people
 He claimed the land for Spain
 He went to other islands to find riches
and gold-also claimed these lands for
Spain

5.  Returned to Spain in early 1493
 Returned to their newly found lands for
two more voyages
 Goal: turn the Caribbean islands into
colonies

6.  Pedro Alvares Cabral, a Portuguese
explorer claimed modern day brazil
 Amerigo Vespucci, Italian worker for
Portugal, traveled to the coast of South
America
-Claimed that this new land was not
apart of Asia but rather was a new world
 In 1507 a German mapmaker named
the new continent America

7.  Led a expedition with 250 men, and five
ships
 Sailed around the southern end of South
America into the Pacific ocean
 Explored Guam and reached the
Philippines
 Only 18 men and one ship returned back
to their homeland
 First people to circumnavigate the world

8.  Hernando Cortes- a Spaniard who
landed on the shores of Mexico
 Conquistadors- Cortes followers traveled
to new Mexico to look for gold and silver
 The Spanish were the first European
settlers to claim land in the new world

9.  In late spring Cortés and his men killed
Aztec warriors and chiefs
 June 1520 Aztecs rebelled against
Spanish and drove out Cortés's forces
 1521 Cortes men conquered the Aztecs
again
-Had better weapons
 Spaniards brought disease that killed
hundreds of thousands of native
Americans and Aztecs

10.  Francisco Pizarro- a conquistador who
marched a small force into south America;
conquered the Incan empire
 Atahualpa- Incan ruler
-Spaniards ambushed and crushed Incan
forces, kidnapped ruler
-Atahualpa gave Pizarro one room of gold,
two rooms of silver, in return for his release
-They strangled him and then the Spaniards
conquered the Incans in 1533

11.  Peninsulares- the Spanish settlers in the
Americas
 Mestizo- mixed Spanish and native
American population
 Encomienda- Spanish forced the Native
Americans to work within a system
-under system natives farmed and
minded for Spanish landlords

12.  They found little gold and silver there
 So they began growing sugar

13.  Spanish colonies in America helped
make Spain one of the richest nations in
the world of the 16th century
 Spain's wealth lead to a golden age of
art and culture.
 To protect its riches Spain developed a
strong navy

14.  In 1540-1541 after building an empire from
Mexico to Peru Francisco Vasquez de
Coronado led an expedition throughout
present day NM, TX, OK and KS to search for
a wealthy empire to conquer.
 In the winter of 1609-1610 Pedro de Peralta
governor of Spanish holdings in New Mexico
led settlers to build a capital called Santa
Fe or Holy Faith. Scattered forts around
these parts became the headquarters of
the catholic church

15.  Spanish priests spread Christianity in the
Americas but also for better treatment of
the natives
 In particular they criticized the
encomidenda system
 It was a system of labor that treated the
natives poorly; priest did not support this.
It was later abolished in1542.

16.  In 1493 the Native Americans fought
Columbus for the island of St Croix the
natives eventually surrender but put up a
good fight with poisonous arrows.
 Eventually in 1680 pope led a rebellion
against the Spanish. In involved 8000
warriors. Pope and his army drove the
Spanish back to new Spain but in next 12
years Spain regained control and the land
they regained became the future united
States. (New Mexico)