1. THEORY AND APPLICATION
Raymond V. Lesikar
John D. Pettit

3. Communication:
 Communication is the process of transmitting
information from one person to another.
 “ Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas,
opinions or emotions by two or more persons: The
main purpose of Communication is to inform or to
bring round to a certain point of view or to elicit
action.” – W.H. Newman and C.F. Summer Jr.
 “ Communication is the process by which information
is transmitted between individuals and/or
Organizations so that an understanding response
result.” – Peter Little.

4. The Frequency of Communication:
 The frequency of communication depends of a
number of factors:
 The nature of the business
 Company’s organization plan
 The nature of the people who make up the organization.

5. Forms of Organizational Communication
 There are three broad categories-
 Internal-Operational Communication
 External- Operational Communication
 Personal Communication

6. Internal-Operational Communication
 Internal-Operational Communication consists of the structured
communication within the organization that directly relates to
achieving the organization’s work goal.
 There are structured communication in all parts of Operating Plan –
Report from databases, decisions in the chain of command,
memorandums conversations, and the like.These are the internal
communications needed for achieving the Organization’s goal.

7. External- Operational Communication
 External- Operational Communication is that part of an organization’s
structured communication concerned with achieving the
organization’s work goal that is conducted with people and group
outside the organization.
 It is an elementary principle of business that because a business
organization’s success depends on its ability to satisfy customers’
needs, the organization must communicate effectively with the
customers, manufacturers and distributors.
 These interdependence necessarily creates needs for communication.

8. Personal Communication
 Personal Communication is all the incidental exchange of information
and feelings in which human beings engage whenever they come
together.
 Personal Communication helps to form and affect workers viewpoints
 And workers viewpoints affect their performance
 On the other hand, affecting workers viewpoints depends on the extent
of personal communication permitted them.

9. The Organization’s Communication Network
 Information flow in a business form a complex
network. This infinitely complex information flow in a
modern day organization may be linked to the
network of arteries and veins in the body.
 The main lines are much like the network of arteries in
the body. In modern office, these channels are formed
by computer information systems.

10. The Organization’s Communication Network
 The secondary network is made up of personal
communication. These are like the veins of a body.
 This secondary network is highly complex and
continually changing.
 The informal communication is far more effective than
it may at first appear.
 Managers, however, can use this effectively – that is,
they keep in touch with the grapevine and turn it into
a constructive tool.