1. REGENERATIVE BRAKING
Supervisor: Mr. RAJENDRA AGRHARI
Group Member: Amit Kumar Verma (1212740031)
Ankit Singh (1212740039)
Arun Kr. Chauhhan (1212740045)
Bhupender Kumar (1212740060)
Rahul Kumar (1112740137)

2. INTRODUCTION
• For three decades now, the second commandment of every
automotive engineer – right behind ‘reduce cost’ – has been
‘reduce fuel consumption.’ The drive to use less fossil fuel has
dictated the design of engines, transmissions and control
systems for decades. Now, it is pushing the development of
completely different technologies for generating power.
• In spite of all these truly marvelous improvements, the energy
efficiency of the most modern production car is still less than
20 percent. Most of the energy used to move the vehicle at any
speed over any distance is literally thrown away as heat. About
half of that wasted energy goes through the brakes. Today,
almost every manufacturer is developing ways to recover a
significant portion of that wasted energy with regenerative
braking.
2

3. WHAT IS REGENERATIVE BRAKING?
• A regenerative brake is an apparatus, a device or system which
allows a vehicle to recapture part of the kinetic energy that
would otherwise be 'lost' to heat when braking and make use
of that power either by storing it for future use or feeding it
back into a power system for other vehicles to use.
• Regenerative braking is used on hybrid gas/electric
automobiles to recoup some of the energy lost during
stopping. This energy is saved in a storage battery and used
later to power the motor whenever the car is in electric mode.
3

4. HOW IT WORKS
• Regenerative braking does more than simply stop the car. Electric motors
and electric generators (such as a car's alternator) are essentially two sides
of the same technology. Both use magnetic fields and coiled wires, but in
different configurations. Regenerative braking systems take advantage of
this duality. Whenever the electric motor of a hybrid car begins to reverse
direction, it becomes an electric generator or dynamo. This generated
electricity is fed into a chemical storage battery and used later to power
the car at city speeds.
4

5. REQUIREMENTS
1.1. WOOD STRUCTUREWOOD STRUCTURE
2.2. WHEELWHEEL
3.3. SMALL WHEELSMALL WHEEL
4.4. PULLEYPULLEY
5.5. MOTORMOTOR
6.6. DC GENERATORDC GENERATOR
7.7. BATTERYBATTERY
8.8. INVERTER(6W)INVERTER(6W)
9.9. TUBE LIGHT(6W)TUBE LIGHT(6W)
10.10. SOLAR PLANELSOLAR PLANEL
5

6. PROJECT WORKINGMODEL
6

7. BLOCK DIAGRAM
MOTOR
WHEEL
BREAKING
SYSTEM
STEPPER
MOTOR
BATTERY
LED
CAPACITOR
BRIDGE
TRANSFORMER
Solar panel
INVERTER

8. 8
Bridge
transformer
capacitor
Motor & wheel
Apply brake Stepper motor
batteryinverter
Solar panel
bulb

9. • Regenerative braking takes energy normally wasted during braking and
turns it into usable energy. It is not, however, a perpetual motion
machine. Energy is still lost through friction with the road surface and
other drains on the system. The energy collected during braking does not
restore all the energy lost during driving. It does improve energy
efficiency and assist the main alternator.
• Regenerative braking is a benefit of hybrid electric vehicles, whereby
some of the translational energy of the vehicle is captured and returned
to an energy storage device when the brake pedal is applied. This is
different from conventional braking, in which a car is slowed through
friction and the energy of the car is lost through waste heat.
• The energy recaptured by regenerative braking might be stored in one of
three devices: an electrochemical battery, a flywheel, or in a regenerative
fuel cell.
9

10. REGENERATIVE BRAKING AND BATTERIES
• The electric motor of a car becomes a generator when the brake pedal is
applied. The kinetic energy of the car is used to generate electricity that is
then used to recharge the batteries. With this system, traditional friction
brakes must also be used to ensure that the car slows down as much as
necessary. Thus, not all of the kinetic energy of the car can be harnessed
for the batteries because some of it is "lost" to waste heat. Some energy is
also lost to resistance as the energy travels from the wheel and axle,
through the drivetrain and electric motor, and into the battery.
10

11. 11

12. REGENERATIVE BRAKING ADVANTAGES
• Provide greater fuel economy
• Greater improvement in emission reduction
• Energy savvy (energy conversion will be carefully controlled in the
interest of maximum efficiency)
• Provide ample drive power and power for sudden acceleration.
• Enhance the efficiency of the engine and the overall economy of the car.
12

13. REGENERATIVE BRAKING DISADVANTAGES
The main disadvantage of regenerative brakes when compared with
dynamic brakes is the need to closely match the electricity generated with
the supply. With DC supplies this requires the voltage to be closely
controlled and it is only with the development of power electronics that
it has been possible with AC supplies where the supply frequency must
also be matched (this mainly applies to locomotives where an AC supply
is rectified for DC motors).
13

14. THANK YOU!!THANK YOU!!
14