1. Prostaglandins & Leukotrienes Dr.Sangeetha Purushothaman

2. Prostaglandins & Leukotrienes Local hormones - very active,many functions.. Autacoids from 20 C PUFA Prostaglandins Prostacyclin Thromboxanes Leukotrienes

3. Functions Inflammation Smooth muscle tone Blood coagulation Reproduction GI secretion

4. . . SYNTHESIS PHOSPHOLIPIDS PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 ARACHIDONIC ACID 5 LIPOOXYGENASE CYCLOOXYGENASE LT A4 PG G2 PGH2 LT C4 LT D4 LT B4 THROMBOXANE SYNTHASE ISOMERASE PROSTACYCLINE SYNTHASE PGE2 PG D2 PG F2 THROMBOXANE A2 PG I2

5. . PHOSPHOLIPIDS STEROIDS PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 ARACHIDONIC ACID ZILEUTON NSAIDS 5 LIPOOXYGENASE CYCLOOXYGENASE LT A4 PG G2 PGH2 LT C4 LT D4 LT B4 THROMBOXANE A2 PGE2 ,PG D2 ,PG F2 PG I2

6. BIOSYNTHESIS OF PROSTAGLANDINS AND LEUKOTRIENES Membrane phospholipid Phospholipase A Arachidonic acid Cyclooxygenase Lipoxygenase PG G2 5HPETE LTA4 PGH2 Prostacyclinsynthase LTC4 LTB4 Thromboxanesynthase Isomerases PGI2 LTD4 PGE2 TXA2 6 keto PGF2α PGD2 PGF2 TXB2

8. Actions Inflammation Most important mediators.. Synthesised as per need. NSAIDS

9. Actions –Smooth muscles Blood vessels Pg E2, Prostacycline - vasodilatation Thromboxane A2 – constriction

10. Actions :Smooth muscle Bronchus

11. Uterus Both uterus &cervix

12. Actions GIT Natural ulcer protectants.. NSAIDS..

13. GIT

14. RENAL PgE2,Prostacyclin -protective..

15. Coagulation

16. ENDOTHELIUM PG I₂ PLATELET

17. . Penile erection Pulmonary vessels-vasodilatation CNS-Neurotransmitter EYE-↓IOT

18. Preparations & Uses

19. Preparations

20. Uses 1.Obstetrics Therapeutic abortion Cervical ripening Severe Post partum hge PgE1/MISOPROSTOL PgE₁/PgE2 15METHYL PgF2im/PgE1 Rectal

21. 2.Peptic ulcer PgE1/Misoprostol PgE2/Enprostil,Rioprostil,Arbaprostil 3.Glaucoma : PgE1 / Latanoprost 4.Erectile dysfunction 5. PDA 6. Primary pulmonary hypertention: PgI₂ PgE1/Alprostadil

22. Summary of uses

23. ADR Vomiting,Diarrhoea,Abdominal cramps Uterine cramps Bronchospasm

24. LEUKOTRIENES

25. PHOSPHOLIPIDS ARACHIDONIC ACID CYCLOOXYGENASE LIPOOXYGENASE Zileuton LEUKOTRIENES LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR MonteleukastZafirleukast PROSTAGLANDINS MAST CELL Chromoglycate Nedochromil