4. Definition of Key Words
Size : the number of persons in
the population
Distribution :arrangement of
the population in space at a given
time
Structure :distribution of
population among its sex & age
groupings
5. Change : the growth or
decline of the total population .
births
deaths
migrations
10. High Stationary Stage/
First stage
No change in size of population
They nullify each other’s effect
High death rate
High Birth rate
India in 1920.
11. Early Expanding Stage/
Second Stage
Some increase in population
Death rate decrease
Birth rate remains the same
Countries of South Asia & Africa
12. Late Expanding Stage/ Third
Stage
Tremendous increase in
population
Death rate decreases
Birth rate decreases
INDIA China ,Singapore
13. Low Stationary Stage/
Fourth Stage
No change in size of
population
They Nullify each other’s effect
Low death rate
Low Birth rate
Denmark,Sweden
16. India’s population, as on 1
March 2011 stood at 1.2
BILLION (6237 lakhs males
and 5864 lakhs females). India
accounts for a meagre 2.4 per
cent of the total world surface
area of 1357.9 lakhs sq km.
17.
18. URBANIZATION
Mass migration of rural population into
urban centers resulting in increasing the
urban population & growth of cities.
Cause of urbanization:
“MIGRATION” d/t-
Better employment opportunities.
Better living standards.
Better availability of social services
like Education, Health, Transport,
Entertainment etc.
19. URBAN COMMUNITY
Population more than 5000
75% of male population working
in non agricultural occupation
Population density at least 400/
square km.
20. DENSITY
Ratio between total population
and surface area.
Defined as the number of
persons living per square
kilometer.
21. DENSITY
The population density of India in
2011 is 382 per sq km while urban
population is 31.60 % of the total
population. Urban migration over the
last decade has resulted in the rapid
growth of urban slums.
22. Sex ratio
No. of females per 1000 males.
Sex Ratio = Number of Males X 100
Number of Females
low sex ratio of 940 female per thousand
male.
.
23. Sex ratio
Reasons
Female infanticide
Female foeticide
Higher maternal moratality
Male bias in enumeration of population
24. Dependency Ratio
Dependency Ratio
= Children + Elderly X 100
Working Age
= Pop below 15 + 65 & above X 100
Pop 15 – 64 years
Dependency Ratio of india 61.1%
26. Vital Statistics
Birth Rate
Death rate
Growth rate
Life Expectancy at birth
Mortality and fertility rates
27. CRUDE BIRTH RATE
Number of live births per 1000 population in a
given year.
Number of Births/Year
-------------------------------- × 1000
Total Mid - year Population
CBR 21.6
28. Limitations
Need a complete and accurate vital
registration system Š
Only a crude estimate of fertility – All the
population included in the denominator is not
exposed to the risk of pregnancy
Š Not good for comparing fertility across
populations, as variations in age distribution
of the populations being compared will affect
the birth rate
29. Death Rate
Number of deaths per 1000 estimated mid
year population in one year.
Number of deaths during the year
---------------------------------------- * 1000
Mid year population
CDR ….7
31. Life Expectancy at age one
Life expectancy is a statistical
measure of how long a person or
organism may live, based on the year
of their birth, their current age and
other demographic factors including
gender.