2. CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY OF BAR CODE
TYPES OF BAR CODE
DATA ENTRYTECHNIQUES
BENEFITS OF BAR CODE
BAR CODETERMINOLOGY
BAR CODE SCANNERS
BAR CODE APPLICATIONS
REFERENCE
3. INTRODUCTION
Bar code is a automatic identification technology
Bar code is a predefined format of dark bars and white spaces
Structured to contain a specific piece of information
Bar code allows real-time data to be collected accurately and
rapidly
Combination of bar code technology with computer and
application software improves performance, productivity and
profitability
4. HISTORY OF BAR CODE
In 1949 Bernard Silver, a graduate Of Drexel Institute of
Technology, heard the president of a local food chain ask for a
system that automatically read product information upon
checkout.
Norman Woodland one of the silver’s student was the one to
give the idea of using ultraviolet sensitive ink.
They made a barcode reader from a 500 watt lamp.
Barcodes started to spread on products in the 1970, when the first
barcode readers started to enter the market.
It was at the same time as the UPC-code was presented for
standard product marking.EAN was presented 1977 and was made
to match the UPC
7. TYPES OF BAR CODE
There are two types of barcodes: Linear barcode and 2D
barcodes
Some examples include:
LINEAR BARCODES 2D BARCODES
Code 128
(Shopping)
Data Matrix(Automotive
item identification)
UPC(Items for sale
worldwide)
PDF417(Varity of
application, transport
Identify card, management)
Interleaved 2 of 5
(Commercially)
Maxi code(United Parcel
Service for sorting & tracking
8. DATA ENTRY TECHNIQUES
2.MANUAL METHODS
KEYBOARD
OPERATION
1 ERROR/300
CHARACTERS
1.AUTOMATICMETHODS
OPTICAL CHARACTER
RECOGNITION
MAGNETIC INK
MACHINE VISION
RADIO FREQUENCY
IDENTIFICATION
SMART CARDS
BAR CODE
9. BENEFITS OF BAR CODING
Represent unique identity of a product
Accuracy of data input (error free)
Aid effective management of resources and inventories
Labor savings by avoiding manual system
Cost efficient
Real time data collection
10. BENEFITS OF BAR CODING
Measurement of work in progress throughout
the factory
Rapid access to total production costs
More accurate dispatch
13. BAR CODE SCANNERS
A device used to extract information optically from a Bar
Code
Bar Code symbol consists of series of vertical dark bars
separated by light spaces
When illuminated reflected light is detected by electro
optical sensor
The intensity of reflected light from the dark bars is less than
that of spaces
14. BAR CODE SCANNERS
Reflected light is converted into electrical voltage signals
Analog voltages are digitized into raw data
The decoder converts this data into the character data
representation of the symbol’s code
15. TYPES OF SCANNERS (READERS)
CONTACT READERS
Must touch or come in close proximity of symbol
Good where the label cannot be placed in an easy-to-view
position
Normally hand-held/stationary units
Common type is pen/wand reader
A high-density resolution wand used to read a low-density
symbol might see an ink spot as bar or an ink void as a space
17. NON-CONTACT READERS
Reader need not come in contact with symbol
Scan distance may be from 6” to several feet depending
upon symbol size and scanner design
Hand-held, fixed beam readers
19. CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE
SCANNER
• CCD Scanners
are similar to
digital Cameras
in that they
have hundreds
of tiny LED
lights arranged
in one long
row capture a
digital image of
bar code
21. BAR CODE APPLICATIONS
INVENTORY CONTROL
Portable readers
WORK-IN PROCESS TRACKING (WIP) COMPANY
INVENTORY
Raw materials
WIP (Components, Assemblies, Semi finished Products)
Finished Products
SHIPPING
ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE (EDI)
Direct communication between computers of two companies
(Manufacturer & Vendor)
Industry-wide EDI standards
Reduces cost and saves time of business transaction
22. BAR CODE APPLICATIONS
• RETAIL APPLICATIONS
Super markets
Counter-mounted Bar Code scanners
Universal Product Code (UPC)
Price and description information
WARE HOUSING
HEALTH CARE APPLICATIONS
Drugs, devices, instruments
Identification of expiry date
Blood banking
I. Blood group
II. Expiry date
III. Donor traceability
