The new method of solid 3d modelling presented in this study allows new statistical perspectives for archaeological, geophysical and geochemical records in a 3D GIS environment. The micro-scale analysis investigates archaeological excavation trenches of the West Porticus in Ostia.

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3D GIS in archaeology
a voxel-based depiction of archaeological stratigraphy in a
micro-scale analysis
Undine Lieberwirth
Axel Gering
Lieberwirth 2007 Lieberwirth 2016
01. November 2016

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ParaView
Kythera, Acroterion,Trench IX created by GRASS GIS r.vol.dem, visualised by ParaView - 2007

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Kythera, Acroterion,Trench IX created by GRASS GIS r.vol.dem, visualised by ParaView - 2007

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ParaView
Kythera, Acroterion,Trench IX created by GRASS GIS r.vol.dem, visualised by ParaView - 2007

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Kythera, Acroterion,Trench IX created by GRASS GIS r.vol.dem, visualised by ParaView - 2007

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Kythera, Acroterion,Trench IX created by GRASS GIS r.vol.dem, visualised by ParaView - 2007

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ParaView
Kythera, Acroterion,Trench IX created by GRASS GIS r.vol.dem, visualised by ParaView - 2007

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Kythera, Acroterion,Trench IX created by GRASS GIS r.vol.dem, visualised by ParaView - 2007

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Kythera, Acroterion,Trench IX created by GRASS GIS r.vol.dem, visualised by ParaView - 2007

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Lieberwirth 2007 Lieberwirth 2016
2007 2016
CAD, SfM, Scanhand drawings

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13. 131reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
1. research question
1.1 methodological research question
i. stratigraphy
i. single-context-recording
i. common hardware &
software

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1. research question
1.2 archaeological research question

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1. research question
1.2 archaeological research question

16. 161reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
2. data & method
2.1 excavation & documentation

17. 171reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
geophysical prospection
Eastern Atlas GmbH Berlin
2. data & method
2.1 excavation & documentation

18. 181reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
3d laser scanner,
totalstation,
digital camera
Cyclone 9
AutoCAD,
TachyCAD,
MonuMap
2. data & method
2.1 excavation & documentation

19. 191reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
Leica ScanStation 2
Cyclone 9
AutoCAD, TachyCAD,
MonuMap
2. data & method
2.1 excavation & documentation

20. 201reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
1
WGS 1984
WGS 1984
1I
2. data & method
2.1 excavation &
documentation Leica ScanStation 2
Canon EOS 300D
Cyclone 9
AutoCAD, TachyCAD,
MonuMap

21. 211reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
2. data & method
2.1 excavation & documentation
ParaView 5.0.0

22. 221reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
2. data & method
2.1 excavation & documentation
ParaView 5.0.0

23. 231reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
2. data & method
2.2 analysis
registered & geo-referenced point cloud from laser
scan
Leica ScanStation 2 & Cyclone 9
geo-referenced point cloud from structure-from-motion
Canon EOS 300D & PhotoScan Pro 1.2.3

24. 241reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
2. data & method
2.2 analysis
GRASS GIS 7.0.1

25. 251reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
2. data & method
2.2 analysis
GRASS GIS 7.0.1

26. 261reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
ParaView 5.0.0
Laboratory for Physical Geography
Institute for Geographical Sciences
Free University Berlin
calcium concentration

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ParaView 5.0.0
calcium concentration
1reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook

28. 281reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
ParaView 5.0.0
Eastern Atlas GmbH Berlin
georadar amplitude measurement

29. 291reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
ParaView 5.0.0
Eastern Atlas GmbH Berlin
georadar amplitude measurement

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GRASS GIS 7.0.1
ParaView 5.0.0
1reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook

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THE VOXEL 2 D3 D
2.5 D 3 D

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GRASS GIS v.vol.rst
2 D
3 D

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brain MRT voxel model of & by Undine
Lieberwirth,
images taken by Charité Berlin

34. 341reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
3. results
3.1 methodological results
ParaView 5.0.0

35. 351reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
5856 points
59162 points
54709 points
Ø 7mmMethod 1
TLS
Method 2
BT
Method 3
SfM
Ø 2mm
Ø 3mm
3. results
3.1 methodological results
Source:
Lieberwirth, U., Neteler, M.,
Fritsch, B., Metz, M., Kühnle, K. (2015)

36. 361reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
3. results
3.1 methodological results
harris matrix of trench 1
- at excavation - after post-
processing
HARRIS matrix composer 2.0b
ParaView 5.0.0

37. 371reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
3. results
3.1 methodological results
r.mapcalc difference=se114 - se113
GRASS GIS 7.0.1
harris matrix of trench 1
- after post-processing
HARRIS matrix composer 2.0b

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3. results
3.2 archaeological results
trench 1 trench 2
point cloud of 3D laser scan
1reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook

39. 391reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
4. outlook
4.1 archaeological outlook

40. 401reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
spatial density analysis – 2D08 spatial density analysis – 3D08
3D statistics
4. outlook
4.2 methodological outlook

41. 411reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
3d model of layer 108, ParaView 5.0.0 64-bit
photo documentation layer 108
4. outlook
4.2 methodological outlook
photorealistic depiction
false-color display (GIS)
3d model of layer 108, PhotoScan Pro 1.2.3.2331
real-color display (SfM)

42. 421reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
conclusion
i. stratigraphy
i. single-context-recording
i. common hardware &
software

43. 431reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
conclusion
i. 3d thematic maps
i. 3d query & selection
i. 3d statistics

44. 441reseach question 2data & method 3results 4outlook
conclusion
3d gis model 2007
acer TravelMate 1.5 GHz, 512 MB RAM, 60 GB HDD
3d gis model 2016, os x 3.4 gHz intel core i5, 32 GB, 1600 MUh DDR3, NVIDIA GeForce
GTX 775M 20148 MB

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thank you for your attention
Undine Lieberwirth
Freie Universität Berlin
Axel Gering
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin