The document discusses three ways to make a magnet: 1) Brushing, where a magnetic material is brushed with a magnet in one direction, creating opposite poles. 2) Flowing electric current, where a magnetic material has electric current passed through it in the same direction, creating an electromagnet. 3) Magnetic induction, where a magnetic material is brought near a strong magnet without touching, inducing opposite poles nearest the main magnet. The central concept in describing magnetic phenomena is the magnetic field.