Presentation on Advance Microcontroller AVR.

1. Advance
Microcontroller
AVR
A WORLD INSIDE AN IC
MADE BY
DAKSH RAJ CHOPRA

2. Rules of Seminar
Students can ask any question
they want to in between the
seminar. (Just Joking :p)

4. Microcontrollers
 A microcontroller (sometimes
abbreviated µC, uC or MCU) is a small
computer on a single integrated
circuit containing a processor core, memory,
and programmable input/output peripherals.
 Microcontrollers are used in automatically
controlled products and devices, such as
automobile engine control systems,
implantable medical devices, remote
controls, office machines, appliances, power
tools, toys and other embedded systems.

5. Microcontroller Basics
 CPU –CPU is the device which is employed to
fetch data, decode it and at the end complete
the assigned task successfully.
 Memory –Memory chip stores all programs &
data.
 Input/output ports – I/O ports are basically
employed to interface or drive different
appliances such as- printers, LCD’s, LED’s, etc

6. Microcontroller Basics
 ADC (Analog to digital converter) – ADC is employed to
convert analog signals to digital ones.
 DAC (digital to analog converter) – this converter
executes opposite functions that ADC perform. This
device is generally employed to supervise analog
appliances like- DC motors, etc.
 Serial Ports – These ports give serial interfaces amid
microcontroller & various other peripherals such as
parallel port.
 Timers – A microcontroller may be in-built with one or
more timer or counters

7. Classification of Microcontrollers
Microcontrollers can be classified into following :-
 Bits
 Instruction Set
 Memory Architecture

8. CISC vs. RISC
CISC
 Emphasis on hardware
 Includes multi-clock
complex instructions
 Memory-to-memory:
"LOAD" and "STORE"
incorporated in instructions
 Small code sizes,
high cycles per second
 Transistors used for storing
complex instructions
RISC
 Emphasis on software
 Single-clock,
reduced instruction only
 Register to register:
"LOAD" and "STORE"
are independent instructions
 Low cycles per second,
large code sizes
 Spends more transistors
on memory registers

9. List of Microcontrollers
 ARM core processors (from many vendors)
 Atmel AVR (8-bit), AVR32 (32-bit), and AT91SAM (32-bit)
 Cypress Semiconductor PSoC (Programmable System-on-Chip)
 Intel 8051
 Microchip PIC, (8-bit PIC16, PIC18, 16-bit dsPIC33 / PIC24), (32-bit
PIC32)
 NXP Semiconductors LPC1000, LPC2000, LPC3000, LPC4000 (32-bit),
LPC900, LPC700 (8-bit)
 Texas Instruments TI MSP430 (16-bit)

10. What was the need of
Microcontrollers?

11. Need of microcontroller
 periodically read the temperature (analog value, is digitized by
sensor; uses 4-bit interface),
 control heating according to the temperature (turn heater on/off; 1
bit),
 display the current temperature on a simple 3-digit numeric display
(8+3 bits),
 allow the user to adjust temperature thresholds (buttons; 4 bits), and
 be able to configure/upgrade the system over a serial interface.

12. History of Microcontrollers
 The first microprocessor was the 4-bit Intel
4004 released in 1971, with the Intel 8008.
 The Smithsonian Institution says TI engineers Gary
Boone and Michael Cochran succeeded in
creating the first microcontroller in 1971. The
result of their work was the TMS 1000, which
became commercially available in 1974.

13. Advance Microcontroller AVR
 AVR was developed in the year 1996 by Atmel
Corporation.
 The architecture of AVR was developed by Alf-
Egil Bogen and Vegard Wollan. AVR derives its
name from its developers and stands for Alf-Egil
Bogen Vegard Wollan RISC microcontroller, also
known as Advanced Virtual RISC.
 The AT90S8515 was the first microcontroller
which was based on AVR architecture however
the first microcontroller to hit the commercial
market was AT90S1200 in the year 1997.

14. Need of Advance Microcontroller
Memory
Instruction Set

15. Family of AVR
1. TinyAVR – Less memory, small size, suitable only for simpler
applications
2. MegaAVR – These are the most popular ones having good
amount of memory (upto 256 KB), higher number of inbuilt peripherals
and suitable for moderate to complex applications.
3. XmegaAVR – Used commercially for complex applications,
which require large program memory and high speed

16. Architecture of AVR

17. How to burn a code in AVR
A code is burned in AVR with the help of a software, called Atmel
Studio. In this software we can select the language(C or Assembly)
and write the code accordingly.

18. Atmel Development Kit

19. Interfacing of different
devices with AVR

20. Interfacing can be done with:-
LEDs
LCD
Motors
Sensors
But did you Know

21. Interfacing of Camera with AVR

22. Interfacing of Arduino with AVR

23. Interfacing of Wireless Robotics with
AVR

24. Any
Questions ?

25. Thank You