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Leadership in the 21st century
- 1. International Business Project RSM Erasmus University Leadership in the 21st century An international study on leadership and related trends Team: Mohit Ahuja, Amanda Bachmann, Juhee Jang, Nóra Stancsics, Yingzhi Su Coaches: Squarewise BV (Anouk van der Have, Dirk Bijl de Vroe), RSM Erasmus University (Alex van der Zwart) December 2011
- 2. Squarewise RSM Erasmus University • The client: Strategy consulting firm focusing on innovation and passionate about sustainability. Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 1
- 3. Research question RSM Erasmus University What are the main characteristics of leadership to successfully cope with the trends in the 21st century? 1. What is leadership? What are the main characteristics of leadership? 2. What are the trends in the 21st century? How can leadership adapt to these trends? 3. Do leaders of different fields have different opinions? 4. Are there any generational differences? Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 2
- 4. Research process flow RSM Erasmus University Qualitative methods to gain a holistic view and new insights. 3 months elapsed time Interviews with Formulation leaders Analysis Desk research of ques- template Analysis tionnaire Student survey • Clear understanding • Identify trends and • Comparison Objective of both leadership important leadership between leaders and the trends characteristics and students • Description of • Summaries, • Validation of Output consolidated leadership and the trends and trends data leadership characteristics Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 3
- 5. Methodology – two viewpoints RSM Erasmus University Leaders Students Results about • Different fields trends and key • Future leaders, (corporate, political and characteristics university students, role-model leaders) of a leader mostly between 18-25 • Different nations • Different nations • 16 interviews • 93 respondents Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 4
- 6. International study RSM Erasmus University Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 5
- 7. Leaders 16 interviews of political, corporate and role- model leaders from five countries Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 6
- 8. Students 93 survey responses from more than five different countries Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 7
- 9. Leadership triangle and leader characteristics RSM Erasmus University Establishing direction Vision Courage Focus Discernment Problem solving Positive attitude Character Teachability Initiative Communication Self-discipline Responsibility Confidence Commitment Competence Charisma Passion Relationships Listening Generosity Servant hood Aligning people Motivating and inspiring people Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion Source: Own figure based on Maxwell, 1999 & Northhouse, 2010 8
- 10. Three trends given by the client RSM Erasmus University Technologization Globalization Horizontalization Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 9
- 11. Technologization RSM Erasmus University • Application of practical sciences to industry or commerce • Ubiquity of technology • Human knowledge • Networks Structure of work will change Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 10
- 12. Globalization RSM Erasmus University • The world is getting smaller • Third period of globalization: individuals, who utilize the new global platform and develop new skills, will be the crucial force to drive globalization • Problems caused by globalization Glocalization Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 11
- 13. Horizontalization RSM Erasmus University • Hierarchical levels in societies and organizations are no longer valid • Weakening of vertical authority and decentralizing of decision making processes Equal access to information and knowledge Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 12
- 14. RSM Erasmus University Analysis of • Trends • Functions of a leader • Characteristics of a leader • Characteristics of future leaders Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 13
- 15. Three trends of the 21st century RSM Erasmus University 1. Horizontalization 2. Globalization 3. Technologization Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 14
- 16. Additional trends RSM Erasmus University Leaders Students 1. Sustainability / Ecology 2. Changes in the value Demographic change systems and attitudes 3. Social networking Customization / Individualism 4. Informatization Power shift among countries Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 15
- 17. Functions of a leader RSM Erasmus University LEADER LEADER Leaders Students Visionary and producer of change Visionary and producer of change Establishing direction Establishing direction • Create big picture • Create big picture • Set strategies • Set strategies Aligning people Aligning people • Communicate goals • Communicate goals • Seek commitment • Seek commitment • Build teams and coalitions • Build teams and coalitions Motivating and inspiring people Motivating and inspiring people • Satisfy unmet needs • Satisfy unmet needs • Empower subordinates • Empower subordinates • Empathetic behaviour • Question status quo • Empathetic behaviour • Question status quo Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 16
- 18. Top 6 leadership characteristics RSM Erasmus University Leaders Students 1. Communication Communication 2. Listening Listening 3. Vision Initiative 4. Teachability Competence 5. Relationships Vision 6. Discernment Relationships Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 17
- 19. Leadership characteristics for future leaders RSM Erasmus University Leaders Students 1. Relationships Focus on social skills 2. Focus on cooperation Leader as a servant 3. Global perspective Authencity 4. Teachability & Adaptability Teachability & Adaptability 5. Risk taking Open-mindedness 6. Open-mindedness Global perspective Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 18
- 20. Insights: leaders and students RSM Erasmus University Establishing direction Vision Leaders Courage Focus Discernment Students Problem solving Positive attitude Character Teachability Initiative Communication Self-discipline Responsibility Confidence Commitment Competence Charisma Passion Relationships Listening Generosity Servant hood Aligning people Motivating and inspiring people Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 19
- 21. Insights: leaders RSM Erasmus University Establishing direction Students Vision Leaders Corporate Courage Focus Discernment Political Problem solving Positive attitude Role-model Character Teachability Initiative Communication Self-discipline Responsibility Confidence Commitment Competence Charisma Passion Relationships Listening Generosity Servant hood Aligning people Motivating and inspiring people Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 20
- 22. Conclusion RSM Erasmus University What are the main characteristics of leadership to successfully cope with the trends in the 21st century? Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 21
- 23. Validation of the three trends RSM Erasmus University The three trends Horizontalization Globalization Technologization have been identified as highly important in the 21st century. Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 22
- 24. Leadership characteristics for the 21st century RSM Erasmus University Communication Listening Communication Vision Listening Relationships Vision Relationships Teachability & Adaptability Global Perspective Open-mindedness Introduction Leadership & trends Analysis Conclusion 23
- 25. Thank you for your attention! 24