Two key elements of aeronautics system are that they must be embedded in the aircraft, and highly dependable. Airbus airplanes are providing practical examples of such systems. “Embedded systems” in a broad sense are key levers to optimise airplane. Indeed, success of an airplane design depends heavily on the functions that are provided by embedded systems and on the level of synergy between airplane and system functions design. Systems supporting vehicle control functions are fully embedded in the airplane avionics, but also in structure and flight mechanics, to the benefit of reduced structural weight, and enhanced manoeuvrability. An integral design process is applied. The architecture of these systems is based on the sub-functions they have to implement; the technologies are selected to address all the multiple requirements of these functions, including the specificities of aeronautics such as dependability, long time supportability, market specificities. The presentation is based on the experience accrued during the development and the in-service support of the Airbus family, from A320 to A350, on fly-by-wire systems and other related systems

1. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Presented by Pascal TRAVERSE
Airbus Embedded Systems

2. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
•Aircraft system overview
•Requirement capture
•Safety requirements & safety process
•Integration
•Time issues
•Concluding remarks
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 2

3. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
•Aircraft system overview
•Requirement capture
•Safety requirements & safety process
•Integration
•Time issues
•Concluding remarks
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 3

4. AIRCRAFT SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Definition of a system
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
A combination of inter-related items arranged to perform a
specific functions(s), see ARP 4754.
Example, an airplane
is a system:
• which is a
component of the
transport system,
• which is, itself,
made up of several
airborne systems.
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 4

5. AIRCRAFT SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Embedded system
(systèmes embarqués, systèmes enfouis)
Prototype of
artificial hart
(CARMAT)
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
PAssive Start and Entry
System (Continental AG)
Video telephony as imagined in 1910
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 5

6. AIRCRAFT SYSTEM OVERVIEW
AIRFRAME SYSTEMS
21
24
27
30
33
36
AIR COND.
ELECTRICAL POWER
FLIGHT CONTROLS
ICE & RAIN PROTECTION
LIGHTS
PNEUMATIC
22 AUTO FLIGHT
25 EQUIPMENT
28 FUEL
31 INSTRUMENTS
34 NAVIGATION
.......
TA
23
26
29
32
35
EX CAR DO ----
COMMUNICATIONS
FIRE PROTECTION
HYDRAULIC POWER
LANDING GEAR
OXYGEN
PERD
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
ATC
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 6

7. AIRCRAFT SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Systems represent
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
about 30% of the Aircraft price
Computers represent
about 40% of the Systems price
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 7

8. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
•Aircraft system overview
•Requirement capture
•Safety requirements & safety process
•Integration
•Time issues
•Concluding remarks
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 8

9. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
•Explicit requirements
classical allocation process
General A380-800 objectives
• Mission and performance (8000 NM / 555 pax )
SYSTEMS
Direct Weight
• Improve Aircraft safety
• Life cycle cost and COC (- 17% per seat)
safety
Direct cost,
maintenance
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
• Service readiness at EIS (maturity at First Flight)
• Dispatch reliability : 99% at EIS
• A platform for 30 years of evolutions
quality
reliability
Obsolescence,
evolution
Integration / Trade-off between requirements
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 9

10. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Availability is mandatory
(the direct cost of a
delay)
Maintainability
In very diverse
conditions
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 10

11. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
Airworthiness regulation is a legal obligation contracted by
States signatories of the ICAO Convention
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
To Ensure
and Preserve
AIRWORTHINESS
and
AVIATION SAFETY
•Chicago Convention, signed 7th December 1944, established
the International Civil Aviation Organization.
•To undertake International Air Transport, each nation has to be
a signatory (currently 188 nations)
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 11

12. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Airworthiness
regulation: another
set of requirements to
be cascaded &
complied with
FAR (US regulations) & CS (European regulations) are
requirements, part of the A/C specification.
Certification is encompassing process, not only product. Guidance
provided (SAE ARP 4754A – EUROCAE ED79A “certification considerations
for highly-integrated or complex systems”)
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 12

13. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
•Industrial constraints
 Systems
are expensive components and thus installed
as late as possible in A/C assembly process
 Any
failure at that time disrupts the assembly process
and potentially delays the final delivery
Wing/ fuselage
join-up
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
A
1 PI
Production Interval
 To
Systems equip & test
& Cabin Precustomisation
Structural
Assembly
A
A
B
B
Tests and
adjustments
A
B
A
B
avoid these delays:
– quality of delivered equipment & installation drawings
– systems designed for assembly
– Design Office support to Assembly line
Airbus Embedded Systems
A
B

14. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
•Design for Assembly
Define
integration tests during the system development
Reduce
these tests duration
Insert
“hooks” (tests embedded in final software, system
to output all key internal data etc)
Identify
assembly line configuration (A/C jacked,
specific power supply, ...)
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Design
for Robustness
– damages,
– foreign objects, ...
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 14

15. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
• Addressing environmental topics
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
• Reduction in drag, weight
• Environmentally friendly material use
• Eco-design
• Elimination of hazardous materials in
surface technologies (chromate, cadmium...)
• Disseminate best environment practices
• Re-integration of
materials
• New recycling
possibilities
• Support airlines
• Modernised air traffic
management (SESAR)
• Biofuels
• Integrating energy consumption as one major parameter
Shape technologies to reduce the use of raw materials and waste
Airbus: 1st Aircraft Manufacturer awarded ISO 14001 – all sites and products
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 15

16. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
•Derived requirements – from design solution
•Implicit requirements
From “expectations” to “needs” and then “requirements”
– Early focus groups with airlines personnel
– Prototyping
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
– Route proving / early long flight
– Feedback from in-service experience
Airbus Embedded Systems
Compliance with
specification is not
sufficient
19/11/2013
Page 16

17. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
Aircraft
Specification
AIRCRAFT
Design
A/C Fct
Specification
Aircraft function
Aircraft function
Aircraft function
Customer
needs
capture /
allocation
Design
System
Specification
SYSTEM
SYSTEM
SYSTEM
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Design
Equipment
Specification
Equipment
Equipment
Equipment
Equipment
Requirement allocation
Development
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 17

18. REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
Are the needs
acceptable?
Validation of the final
product versus customer
needs
Assumptions
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
validation
Requirements
validation
Airbus Embedded Systems
Requirements V&V
Verification: Get the
assurance that the
product is compliant
to its specification
19/11/2013
Page 18

19. © AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
REQUIREMENT CAPTURE
Some V&V means
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 19

20. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
•Aircraft system overview
•Requirement capture
•Safety requirements & safety process
•Integration
•Time issues
•Concluding remarks
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 20

21. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Partially
Systems
related
Partially prevented
By Systems
(TAWS, TCAS,
Flight Envelope Prot.)
Fatal accidents: ≅ 0.5 / 106 departures
On FbW A/C ≅ 0.2
(FbW A/C: B777/787, A320/330/340/380)
Data from NTSB & Boeing
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 21

22. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
• « FAILURE CONDITION »
DEFINITION FROM CS 25 1309
• A « Failure Condition » is defined at each system level by its effects on the
functioning of the system. It is characterised by its effects on the other
systems and on the aircraft.
All single failures or combination of failures including failures of other
systems that have the same effect on the considered system are grouped
together in the same « Failure Condition »
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
System boundary
Software boundary
Failure condition
(effect at aircraft level)
Latent software
error in data or
executable code
Airbus Embedded Systems
Fault
System failure
Figure from DO178C
19/11/2013
Page 22

23. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
SAFETY SEVERITY CLASSES AND ASSOCIATED OBJECTIVES
Classes
Objectives at FC
level
Objectives at
Aircraft level
CATASTROPHIC
< 10-9/hr +
Fail Safe criterion
< 10-7/hr +
Fail Safe criterion
HAZARDOUS
< 10-7/hr
no objective
< 10-5/hr
no objective
no objective
no objective
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Assumption of less
than 100 Cat. FC
MAJOR
MINOR
Gradation of
effort
Airbus Embedded Systems
Quantitative
& qualitative
FC: Failure Condition
19/11/2013
Page 23

24. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
Extremely Improbable
 No single failure
10-9/FH
Development Assurance Level
(DO178/ED12, ARP4754/ED79, .. DAL A)
 Manufacturing
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
 Particular Risks
 Environment
(DO160/ED14)
 Zonal Safety Assessment
 Human Machine Interface
(pilot & maintenance)
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 24

25. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Some particular risks
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 25

26. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
TOP (AIRCRAFT)
–
Cost
requirement
s
Safety &
Reliability
method
and process
A/C
constraints
Function /Systems
allocation matrix
- Methods,
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
- In service
follow up
- S/R Rules
and recom.
Regulation
s
y
s
t
e
m
l
i
s
t
Aircraft functions
list
PSSA
3- System S/R
PSSA
Requirements
document
√
requirements
√
allocation
√ √
√
√
√
√
√
SRD
…
…
Aircraft
manufacturer
directives
BOTTOM - UP
PSSA
5- PSSA: Prelim. system Safety
PSSA
PSSA
Assessment
FIA: Function Implantation Analysis
IHA/ECHA: Intrinsic/Environment
hazard Analysis
PTS
PTS
PTS
12Lessons
learned
8- COMMON
CAUSE
ANALYSIS
(CCA):
4- System function
PSSA
list
and System FHA
6- Equipment
PSSA
PSSA
S/R
Requirements
11Airworthiness
monitoring
evaluation
2- Aircraft FHA
(Functional Hazard
Analysis
A/C Functions List
PROCESS
- Processes,
Airworthine
ss
regulation,
MMEL
1- S/R Common
Data Document
DOWN
(COMPONENT)
- Standards,
- Tools,
Previous A/C
design and “In
service”
experience
Top level
requirements
document
- Research,
Guidelines,
Top Level
Top Level
Program
Product
Requirement Requirement
s
s
- PRA
(Particular Risk
Analysis)
- ZSA (Zonal
Safety Analysis)
- CMA
(Common Mode
Analysis)
- HHA (Human
Hazard Analysis
Aircraft in
service
Aircraft
certification
10Aircraft
Safety/
Reliabilit
y
Synthesi
s
9b-PSSA
SSA
PSSA
System Safety
Assessment and
MMEL safety
justification
9a- PSSA first flight
PSSA
7- Equipment level
PSSA
Safety/Reliability studies
(FMEA/FMES, etc.)
A/C Requirements/CRI, Significant Items, Aircraft S/R Reviews System S/R Reviews
Interface S/R Activities
Multi program, multi
disciplinary activities
Airbus Embedded Systems
Multi system activities on
one program
System/equipment activities on
one program
Common Cause activities on one
program
19/11/2013
,
Multi disciplinary activities
Page 26

27. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
Cost
requirement
s
Top Level
Top Level
Program
Product
Requirement Requirement
s
s
Safety &
Reliability
method
and process
Top level
requirements
document
- Research,
LESSONS
LEARNED
- Processes,
Function /Systems
allocation matrix
- Methods,
- Tools,
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
- In service
follow up
- S/R Rules
and recom.
Regulation
√
s
y
s
t
e
m
l
i
s
t
√
√
√
√
√
SRD
…
√
√
√
Aircraft
manufacturer
directives
11Airworthiness
monitoring
12Lessons
learned
…
8- COMMON
CAUSE
ANALYSIS
(CCA):
PSSA
4- System function
PSSA
list
and System FHA
5- PSSA: Prelim. system Safety
PSSA
PSSA
Assessment
FIA: Function Implantation Analysis
IHA/ECHA: Intrinsic/Environment
hazard Analysis
- PRA
(Particular Risk
Analysis)
- ZSA (Zonal
Safety Analysis)
- CMA
(Common Mode
Analysis)
- HHA (Human
Hazard Analysis
IN-SERVICE
AIRCRAFT
6- Equipment
PSSA
PSSA
S/R
Requirements
PTS
PTS
PTS
Aircraft in
service
Aircraft
certification
2- Aircraft FHA
(Functional Hazard
Analysis
PSSA
3- System S/R
PSSA
Requirements
document
Aircraft functions
list
Airworthine
ss
regulation,
MMEL
1- S/R Common
Data Document
A/C Functions List
A/C
constraints
- Standards,
Guidelines,
Previous A/C
design and “In
service”
experience
10Aircraft
Safety/
Reliabilit
y
Synthesi
s
9b-PSSA
SSA
PSSA
System Safety
Assessment and
MMEL safety
justification
9a- PSSA first flight
PSSA
7- Equipment level
PSSA
Safety/Reliability studies
(FMEA/FMES, etc.)
A/C Requirements/CRI, Significant Items, Aircraft S/R Reviews System S/R Reviews
Interface S/R Activities
Multi program, multi
disciplinary activities
Airbus Embedded Systems
Multi system activities on
one program
System/equipment activities on
one program
Common Cause activities on one
program
19/11/2013
,
Multi disciplinary activities
Page 27

28. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
Cost
requirement
s
Safety &
Reliability
method
and process
-
- Research,
Top Level
Top Level
Program
Product
Requirement Requirement
s
s
- Methods,
Guidelines,
Top level
requirements
document
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
- In service
follow up
- S/R Rules
and recom.
Regulation
Aircraft
manufacturer
directives
A/C Functions List
A/C
constraints
Function /Systems
allocation matrix
s
y
s
t
e
m
l
i
s
t
PSSA
3- System S/R
PSSA
Requirements
document
Aircraft functions
list
√
√
√
√
√
SRD
…
√
√
√
11Airworthiness
monitoring
12Lessons
learned
…
8- COMMON
CAUSE
ANALYSIS
(CCA):
2- Aircraft FHA
(Functional Hazard
Analysis
PSSA
4- System function
PSSA
list
and System FHA
5- PSSA: Prelim. system Safety
PSSA
PSSA
Assessment
FIA: Function Implantation Analysis
IHA/ECHA: Intrinsic/Environment
hazard Analysis
6- Equipment
PSSA
PSSA
S/R
Requirements
PTS
PTS
PTS
Aircraft in
service
Aircraft
certification
1- S/R Common
Data Document
Common Mode Analysis
Human Hazard Analysis
Particular Risk Analysis
Zonal Safety Analysis
√
- Tools,
Airworthine
ss
regulation,
MMEL
COMMON CAUSE ANALYSIS:
- Standards,
- Processes,
Previous A/C
design and “In
service”
experience
- PRA
(Particular Risk
Analysis)
- ZSA (Zonal
Safety Analysis)
- CMA
(Common Mode
Analysis)
- HHA (Human
Hazard Analysis
10Aircraft
Safety/
Reliabilit
y
Synthesi
s
9b-PSSA
SSA
PSSA
System Safety
Assessment and
MMEL safety
justification
9a- PSSA first flight
PSSA
7- Equipment level
PSSA
Safety/Reliability studies
(FMEA/FMES, etc.)
A/C Requirements/CRI, Significant Items, Aircraft S/R Reviews System S/R Reviews
Interface S/R Activities
Multi program, multi
disciplinary activities
Airbus Embedded Systems
Multi system activities on
one program
System/equipment activities on
one program
Common Cause activities on one
program
19/11/2013
,
Multi disciplinary activities
Page 28

29. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
Certification major objective is to ensure safety
25.1309, 25.xyz, ARP4754/ED79, DO178/ED12, ED.zyx, …
“Business” margins are taken on top of certification requirements
Assumptions
Operational reliability
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Safety margins are taken too, based on each manufacturer unique
history.
Confidence in the safety case: meaning of 10-9, what is a single
failure, coverage of tests etc.
 Not a pure mathematical demonstration
 Rigorous analysis with independent checks
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 29

30. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
coordination with judicial authorities
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
“arrangements with judicial authorities shall
respect the independence of the safety
investigation authority and allow the
technical investigation to be conducted
diligently and efficiently.”
“all statements taken from persons by the
safety investigation authority in the course of
the safety investigation shall not be used for
purposes other than safety investigation”
Airbus Embedded Systems
 Mandatory reporting
 Regulation regular
update
 “Just culture”
19/11/2013
Page 30

31. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS & SAFETY PROCESS
Baghdad
Nov 2003 - A300 Loss of 3 hydraulic circuits + fire
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
 Outstanding flight crew landed the aircraft using engine thrust
to control the flight
 Companies are merging
 Financial crisis
 Governments are
changing
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 31

32. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
•Aircraft system overview
•Requirement capture
•Safety requirements & safety process
•Integration
•Time issues
•Concluding remarks
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 32

33. INTEGRATION
•Proper interfacing and
integration
Software
modules
computer/actuator

systems

systems in aircraft

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Aircraft in air traffic

Aircraft in overall society
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 33

34. INTEGRATION
From airplane to
“nuts and
bolts”
… and back
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Integration
in the
airplane
In air traffic
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 34

35. INTEGRATION – Value Engineering
A/C fly-away
price as link
between
operator and
manufacturer
economics
A/C fly-away price
DMC
Maintenance intervals
and checks
RC
primary and resizing
reliability (OR)
OWE
MTOW
NRC
level and distribution
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
manufactur
er
trades,
exchange
rates
time-to-market EIS
high-speed drag
operator
SFC
landing charges
fuel cost
flight crew cost
Production volume
and cadence
cost of ownership
environmental charges
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 35

36. © AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
INTEGRATION
lighting
cold
Airbus Embedded Systems
EMI
hot
19/11/2013
Page 36

37. INTEGRATION
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Integration in the society
Integration in
the world
economy
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 37

38. EADS Vision 2020
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
INTEGRATION
The worldwide leader in air and space platforms and systems
Become the worldwide leader in air and space platforms and systems (mainly platform-related
systems architecture and integration) with a complete portfolio of products, both commercial
and governmental (commercial aircraft, military transport, mission aircraft, helicopters,
fighters, UAVs, missiles, launchers, satellites, systems and secure networks).
Profitability
Achieve best-in-class operational and financial efficiency to reach 10% EBIT in the first half of
the decade 2010-2020.
Focus on core and optimize financial means
Focus on core. This means a new business model approach and the reallocation of
human/financial resources which are currently locked in non-core legacy activities.
Divestments in non-core areas have to be implemented.
Balanced revenues
Achieve around €80bn turnover by 2020 and reach a 50/50 balance in Airbus / other
Divisions' revenues.
Mission-critical service provider to our customers
Achieve a 25% services share – against 10% – of business by 2020 (hence €20bn), focusing
on high-value services initially related to platforms, requiring and developing both customer
intimacy and product intimacy.
Globalisation
Become a true global industrial company with 40% of EADS sourcing and 20% of EADS
employees outside of Europe. Achieve $10bn revenues in North America in non-Airbus
businesses and gain a prime position with US Government.
Moving towards an eco-efficient enterprise
Move towards an eco-efficient company. Environmental issues are to become a transversal
driver towards sustainable development. Airbus' ambitious targets are already defined. To be
done for non-Airbus Divisions.
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 38

39. INTEGRATION
Mechanics
Aeronautics
Automatic control
Human-Machine
interface
Electricity
Fluids
Design (AI-B612  …)
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Electronics
Computer science
Internet
Dependability
Quality
English, French, German …, management, ethics, …
Production, … intellectual property …, maths, …
19/11/2013
Airbus Embedded Systems
Page 39

40. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
•Aircraft system overview
•Requirement capture
•Safety requirements & safety process
•Integration
•Time issues
•Concluding remarks
Airbus Embedded Systems
19/11/2013
Page 40

41. TIME ISSUES
•Need to make trade-off
System weight vs. cost; reliability vs. weight … never
safety

System
complexity (reliability etc.) vs. overall aircraft
weight
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Early
1kg
Airbus Embedded Systems
≈
2kg “snow ball effect”
19/11/2013
Page 41

42. TIME ISSUES
Specify
the
system
Plan the
system
development
Design
the
system
Specify
the
equipment
Develop,
Verify the
equipment
Specify the installation & wiring
Integrated processes : Validate, Verify, Safety
studies, Maintainability studies, Modifications
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Other supporting processes : Certification
coordination, Configuration management, Process
Assurance, Reviews, Supplier monitoring…
The project, definition: unique process, consisting of
• a set of coordinated and controlled activities
• with start and finish dates,
• undertaken to achieve an objective
• conforming to specific requirements, including the
constraints of time, cost and resources.
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43. TIME ISSUES
Type
Certification
End of
studies
Flight tests
Authorization
to offer ATO
Integration
tests
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Definition
freeze
Concept
freeze
Entry into
Service
Start of
Assembly
Equipment
& Harness
Production
Start of
Production
End of
ramp-up
5 to 6 years
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44. TIME ISSUES
Technical challenges
Side-stick:
•1st test in flight on a modified Concorde in 1978, then an A300 in
1982
•Entry into Service in 1988
Brake To Vacate:
•PhD thesis in 1998-2002
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
•Research in Airbus 2002-2005
•Development on A380 2006 to 2009
( 30 Oct. 2009, A380 – MSN 033)
“COVAS” law (flexible A/C control)
• PhD thesis in 1995
•Entry into Service in 2002 (A340-600)
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45. TIME ISSUES
Continuous improvement
Safety innovation, customer new expectation
...
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
On A380 in 2010
2012 - Flight plan
preparation (A/C
performance
computation)
Airbus Embedded Systems
TCAS Alert Prevention (TCAP)
On all Airbus FbW 2012 - 2013
On A380 in 2010 for the
mail, 2012 for the mobile
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46. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
•Aircraft system overview
•Requirement capture
•Safety requirements & safety process
•Integration
•Time issues
•Concluding remarks
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47. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
•Some lessons
The
system will function if
 properly integrated within its environment (other systems,
platform, people …)
 requirements are correctly integrated (no inconsistency, correct
balance between requirements)
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
The
system will be successful if
 the overall aircraft (at least) is successful (= if optimisation is
done at aircraft level)
 for the whole development & in-service life of the aircraft
 the customer needs are well understood
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48. AIRBUS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Safety is the priority in aviation – flying is safe
Nothing is granted
Duty for continuous improvement
 Need to forecast future threat
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Continuous need to
Look at the global picture (complete airplane, design ..
Certification .. In-service, stack of redundancy vs. common
point)
 Management to be supportive and pro-active
 Never compromise on safety & ethics
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49. Club Inter-associations Systèmes Embarqués
Critiques - CISEC
Séminaires, journées d’étude, ateliers …
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
http://asso-cisec.org
cisec
• Association Aéronautique et
Astronautique de France
• Société de l’électricité, de
l’Electronique et
des Technologies de l’information et de
la communication
• Société des Ingénieurs de l’Automobile
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50. © AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
THANK YOU THANK YOU – QUESTIONS?
CISEC -
http://asso-cisec.org
Airbus Innovation - www.thefuturebyairbus.com
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Page 50

51. This document and all information contained herein is the sole
property of AIRBUS S.A.S. No intellectual property rights are
granted by the delivery of this document and the disclosure of
its content. This document shall not be reproduced or
disclosed to a third party without the express written consent
of AIRBUS S.A.S. This document and its content shall not be
used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied.
© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
The statements made herein do not constitute an offer. They
are based on the mentioned assumptions and are expressed
in good faith. Where the supporting grounds for these
statements are not shown, AIRBUS S.A.S. will be pleased to
explain the basis thereof.
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Page 51