Dear student, Warm Greetings of the Day!!! We are a qualified team of consultants and writers who provide support and assistance to students with their Assignments, Essays and Dissertation. If you are having difficulties writing your work, finding it stressful in completing your work or have no time to complete your work yourself, then look no further. We have assisted many students with their projects. Our aim is to help and support students when they need it the most. We oversee your work to be completed from start to end. We specialize in a number of subject areas including, Business, Accounting, Economic, Nursing, Health and Social Care, Criminology, Sociology, English, Law, IT, History, Religious Studies, Social Sciences, Biology, Physic, Chemistry, Psychology and many more. Our consultants are highly qualified in providing the highest quality of work to students. Each work will be unique and not copied like others. You can count on us as we are committed to assist you in producing work of the highest quality. Waiting for your quick response and want to start healthy long term relationship with you. Regards http://www.cheapassignmenthelp.com/ http://www.cheapassignmenthelp.co.uk/

1. Assignment front sheet
Qualification Unit number and Title
HNC/D Construction and the Built
Environment
HNCB 038 Hydraulic Principles and Applications
Student Name Assessor Internal Verifier
T. Frank F Khan
Date issued Final Submission
2nd Feb 2015 24th May 2015
Assignment title HydraulicPrinciplesforCivil Engineering
Learning
Outcome
Learning
Outcome
Assessment
Criteria
In this assignment you will have
the opportunity to present
evidence that shows you are able
to:
Task no Evidence
(Page no)
1 Be able to
solve
engineering
hydrostatic
problems
1.1 explain the construction and
application of pressure
measuring devices
1.1
1.2 carry out calculations to
determine the magnitude and
position of hydrostatic forces
1.2
2 Be able to
solve
engineering
flowproblems
2.1 carry out calculations for
pipeline flow problems
2.1 , 2.2,
2.3
2.2 carry out calculations for open
channel flow problems
2.4, 2.5,
2.6
3 Be able to
match pumps
to demands
of specific
systems
3.1 carry out calculations to match
pump(s) to the requirements of
a specific system
3.1, 3.2
4 Be able to
undertake
hydraulic
experimental
procedures
4.1 carry out laboratory
investigations into hydraulic
behavior
Coveredin
separate
laboratory
report
book4.2 produce reports on the findings
of hydraulic laboratory
investigations
Learner declaration
I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully
acknowledged.
Student signature: Date:

2. In addition to the above Pass Criteria, this assignment gives you opportunity to submit
evidence in order to achieve the following MERIT and DISTINCTION grades
Grade Descriptor Indicative characteristic/s Contextualisation
M1 Identify and apply strategies to
find appropriate solutions
Correct choice of procedures to
solveproblems such as those in
1.1 and 1.2, 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, 2.6 and
3.1
Each these will need a clear strategy that
must be obvious to the reader
M2 Select/design and apply
appropriate methods/techniques
This requires a clear
understandingof techniques and
the reason for their
application
Particularly important are the
calculation techniques used
throughout. Tasks 1.1 and 1.2, 2.1,
especially partsv,to vii.2.3 iii to v, and
3.1 How the practical results have
been manipulated to obtain the
required information.
M3 Present and communicate
appropriate findings
Clear presentation so thatiteasy
for the reader to assimilate the
information
This needs clear presentations of both
calculations and of methods and
techniques throughout including the
calculations and conclusions in task 4
on the practical handbook
D1 Use critical reflection to
evaluate own work and justify
valid conclusion
The most obvious sign of this is
to present a reflective paragraph
at the end of the report showing
how the
assignmentwas
i) put together and
referenced and
ii) what improvements
in learning,
researching,calculating
techniques and
strategies would be tried in
future.
The need for a reflective section is
obvious but also further
demonstrations of this will be seen in
the practical work where the
experimental work will be put into a
practical context and the experimental
procedures used will be criticised for
accuracy and reliability.
D2 Take responsibility for
managing and organising
activities
This takes two forms, the first is
the quality and organisation of
the report especially providing
clear headings for each section.
The second area is to be able to
keep to deadlines.
One of the most important indicators
of employability iskeepingto deadlines
and to provideclear presentations

3. D3Demonstrate
convergent/lateral/creative
thinking
This goes beyond the immediate
knowledge and understanding
stage into the wider application
of knowledge to the real world.
THIS IS WHAT IS MOST WANTED
IN FURTHER DEGREE
AND PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Real evidence of showing how this can
be applied in new areas for example
looking at applications to reducing
environmental impact or making
operations more efficientetc.
Assignment Brief
Guidelines for assignmentsubmission
• The assignment has 4 Tasks. Please read ALL TASKS carefully.
• The Interim Presentation will be for TASKS 1 AND 2 and will cover LO1 and LO2
of the module.
• The Final submission will cover ALL TASKS and Learning outcomes of the
assignment.
• The Merit and Distinction criteria will also apply to the Interim Submission.
• The Interim grade will contribute to the overall grade.
• The attendance percentage and participation in class tutorials will contribute towards the
achievement of Distinction grade.
• Both the interim and final assignments must be submitted on time to be considered for a
Distinction grade.
• PLAGIARISM is considered a serious offence and will automatically lead to a FAIL
grade. In the event of similar/identical submissions, please note that both students will
automatically fail the module
• When IPADS/TABLETS/MACS are used please make sure documents are savedas
.doc. Otherwise submission will not be valid and considered as a non-submission.
Purpose of the assignment
Assignment Title EngineeringGelologyandSoil Mechanics
Scenario
Task 1:
LO1: Be able to solve engineering hydrostatic problems
LO1.1Pressure measuring devices: manometers; other instruments (used to measure fluid pressure
and pressure differentials)

4. QUESTION 1.1
i) A manometer using mercury shows a difference between the level of 0.11m when attached
to the top of a tank containing liquid under pressure. Some liquid is added to the open end
of the manometer to a depth of 1m and the difference between the levels of the mercury is
now 0.01m. What is the density of the liquid added to the manometer?
ii) An unvented water system is being retro fitted into a building and some concern is expressed
that not all the taps and joins in the plumbing system are capable of withstanding3 bar
pressure. It was felt that all these taps and joints could withstand a pressure of 1 bar.
What kind of measuring equipment would be used to check the mains pressure and in what
area of the building would the pressure be taken?
1.2 Hydrostatic forces: magnitude and location of hydrostatic forces acting on submerged bodies
(plane and curved surfaces, vertical and inclined surfaces)
QUESTION 1.2
A dam of 85 m in length holding water to a depth of 45m in a reservoir. Calculate
(i) the position of the centre of pressure Assume density of water is 1000 KGm-3
and acceleration due to gravity is 9.81m3s-1
(ii) the total force acting on the dam.
(iii) If the wall of the dam is 60m above the base and the maximum force that is
considered safe for the dam to withstand is 30MN, at what height must the spillway
that sets the maximum depth be situated?
Task 2:
LO2: Be able to solve engineering flow problems
2.1 Engineering flow problems: flow classification; analytical principles; closed conduit flow; uniform
open channel flow; flow measurement in open channels
QUESTION 2.1
i) If a channel is 5m wide with a slope of 0.001 and the Manning number is 0.03 and the
channel depth is 0.8m. What is the total flow in m3s-1?
ii) A 15mm diameter pipe of length 10m is delivering water to a tap. When the tap is fully open
the delivery is 0.01m3s-1 assuming that the kinematic viscosity of water is 1.02 x 10-3
Nsm-2 at 200C calculate the Reynolds number and state whether the flow is laminar or
turbulent.
iii) Analyse the relative advantages of a sharp crested weir and a broad crested weir for

5. measuring flow in a water course.
iv) Explain with the aid of diagrams how a broad crested weir can be used as a critical depth
meter and what minimum flow conditions need to be maintained
v) .A broad crested weir is inserted in a channel to measure the flow rate and warn of potential
flooding downstream. Calculate the height of water above the weir when the flow rate is
10m3s-1. The width of the weir is 2m Assume no energy loss through the weir.
vi ) Prepare a graph showing how the height yc would vary between flows of 10 and 20m3s-1
vii) What are the Froude Numbers for the flow at 5 , 10 and 15m3s-1 ?
Energyline
2.2 Flow classification: laminar and turbulent flow; uniform and non-uniform flow; steady and unsteady
flow
QUESTION 2.2
i) When water completely fills a pipe state at what point the flow changes from laminar to
turbulent and state what factors affect the change over point
ii) When water flows in an open channel at what point does the flow change from quite to
"turbulent".
iii) Compare the transition from laminar to turbulent flow in a full pipe with placid changing to
turbulent in an open channel flow situation.
iv) Calculate the critical depth in a channel of width 0.5m with a flow of 1m3s-1 vi) Define
uniform flow and non – uniform flow vii) Define steady and unsteady flow.
2.3 Analytical principles: continuity; conservation of energy (Bernoulli’s equation); forces due to rate
of change of momentum

6. QUESTION 2.3
i) State the Bernoulli equation and thus how pressure measurements may be used to estimate
the flow rate in a pipe.
ii) State the continuity principle for open conduit flow and show how we can use this to estimate
mean flow velocity .
iii) A horizontal section of pipe of diameter 200mm narrows down rapidly to 100mm diameter
and then gradually increases over a distance of 480mm to the original diameter. A water
filled manometer is connected such that the pressure in the pipe is measured some
200mm before the narrowing of the pipe starts and the other end of the manometer is
connected to the pipe at its narrowest point. Use Bernouli's equation to derive an
expression for the average flow velocity in the pipe and hence the volume flow in the
pipe. You may assume that the energy loss through this venturi is negligible .
iv) If the pressure difference at this point is 0.34m, calculate the velocity of the flow in the pipe
and hence the flow rate in m3s-1
v) A further measurement is made of the pressure difference before the venturi and beyond the
other end of the venturi. What would this show about the difference between the
assumptions behind the original Bernoulli equation and the real world.
vi) State briefly what we found from an experiment examining the force exerted by a jet of water
on different shapes of target.
2.4 Closed conduit flow: frictional heat loss in pipes and pipe systems; minor (form) head losses;
roughness and variation of friction factor
QUESTION 2.4
i) Head loss in pipe fittings is expressed in the form h = k(u’2/2g) where u’ is the mean velocity
in the pipe. Explain what causes this loss when water flows from a smaller to a larger pipe.
ii) What can be done to the junction between the two pipe diameters to reduce this loss
iii) Water flows in a pipeline where there is an abrupt change of diameter from 140 to 250mm.
If the head loss from the smaller to the larger diameter pipe is 0.6m, give an estimate of k if
the delivery is 0.15m3s-1
iv) What would be the head loss were the water to flow through a similar junction from a pipe of
250mm diameter to one of 140mm diameter at the same flow rate assuming that the value
of k is unchanged?
2.5 Uniform open channel flow: Chezy and Manning velocity equations; normal and critical depths;
specific energy and specific force; super-critical flow; the hydraulic jump

7. QUESTION 2.5
i) A drainage channel of width 2m and length 200m with a slope of 0.0015
lined with concrete with a Manning n value of 0.035 can be filled safely to a
depth of 1.2m. Calculate the mean velocity of flow at maximum delivery.
ii) Calculate the maximum delivery iii) Explain the terms “super critical flow”
and “sub- critical flow” iv) Explain what a hydraulic jump is and what it is
used for.
v) The depth of water approaching a normal hydraulic jump is 1.2m and at the end of the jump
has risen to 3.2m. Calculate the energy loss through the jump in meters of head.
2.6 Flow measurement in open channels: velocity area methods; gauging structures e.g. broad
crested weir, venturi flume
QUESTION 2.6
Draw up a summary table comparing advantages of measuring flow in open channels :
a) using a gauging structure such as a sharp crested weir and
b) a method which combines a measurement of the average flow velocity and the area of cross
section of the flow channel
Task 3:
LO3: Be able to match pumps to the demands of a specific system
3.1 Pump matching: energy and hydraulic gradients in pump-pipeline systems; pump performance and
characteristic curves; pump selection to operate in a given system; pumps in series and parallel

8. QUESTION 3.1
i) The table given below gives the characteristics of a centrifugal pump running at a steady
speed:
Discharge
Q litres/s
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Head Hm
m
45.0 44.7 43.7 42.5 40.6 38.0 35.0 31.0
Efficiency
%
- 35 50 57 60 60 53 40
Fresh water is pumped to a service reservoir through a 350mm diameter pipe 10km long. The static
head is 20m. Determine the discharge in the through the pipe and the power requirement of the
pump. (This will need you to plot the pump – characteristic, system characteristic and efficiency
curves against flow rate (Q). You must also find the operating point> Assume the friction factor f =
0.0045 and take minor losses at ten times the velocity head.
ii) In the above problem, if the static head were 40m not 20m, and you had a second identical
pump available, explain how would you have arranged these pumps to overcome this much
greater head?
3.2 Specific systems: hydrodynamic machines; classification of pumps and turbines (radial, axial,
reaction)
QUESTION 3.2
i) Outline the essential differences between a pump and a turbine especially in how efficiency
is expressed.
ii) Outline the application of the three main types of turbine (radial, axial and reaction)
Task 4:

9. LO4: Be able to undertake hydraulic experimental procedures
Experimental procedures: determination and investigation of hydrostatic forces; pressure
measurement; velocity and flow measurement (pipes and open channels); energy losses (pipe
systems); hydraulic jumps; pump characteristics
This will be assessed by a separate practical work book.
Evidence checklistSummary of evidence required by student Evidence presented
Task 1 Demonstrate familiarity with pressure in fluids
measurementandthe forcesdeveloped
Task 2 An understanding of the different types flow in pipes and
openchannelsand the conditionsof flow as illustratedby
ReynoldsNumberandthe Froude Number. Measurement
of flow in both systems and comparison of different
measuringsystems.
Task 3 A basic understanding of pump performance curves and
theiruse incalculatingoptimumconditionsandsecondlya
basicunderstandingof hydrodynamicmachines
Task 4 Practical lab reportbook
Sources of information
Writing Guidelines
• Your evidence for assessment must be handed in with a signed learner declaration.
• You must hand in group work for assessment for all tasks.
• Throughout the assignment you should underpin your responses with appropriate
theories.
• Ensure that all required Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria are covered in
the assignment.
• Ensure to provide citations, referencing and bibliography under Harvard
Referencing System for your submission and it must fully acknowledge sources such
as books and journals, websites etc.
• Including quotations, but exclusive of the reference list, bibliography and appendices,
the assignment might be written in 2000 - 3000 words in length.
• Submit a word-processed report and use Times New Roman/Arial font and font size
12. Use 1.5 or 2.0 line spacing.

10. •
All assignments will be subject to Plagiarism checks. Ensure your assignment does
not contain the Collusion and Plagiarism of any type, which is illegal and attract
disciplinary action against the learner.
• Ensure to follow the Standard Report Format for report preparation:
(This an indicative structure)
• Introduction
• Contents page (with a detailed numbering system)
• Tasks (use headings, sub-headings)
• Findings/Discussion
• Recommendations
• Conclusion/Summary (summarizing the whole scenario justifying methods
used)
• References
• Bibliography