we gather effective information and take a little detail that explain whole concept of communication and non verbal communication with factors and barriers in communication..

1. Concept And Barriers In Communication
Nonverbal Communication And Types
Arslan Mukhtar
14-Arid-1377
Danish Riaz
14-Arid-1379

2. Communication Defined
Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages
• To meet friend
• To communicate with employees
• To make business deals
• To discuss problems
• To write letter
• For career
Every Phase Of Life

3. Barriers In Communication
1. Convention of Meaning
• Principles of communication is to use the symbols which have same
meaning for the sender and receiver.
• Miscommunication occurs when the sender and receiver have different
meanings for the word used.
Denotations : words that are used as a dictionary meanings. if the communicators
are using the same language and the context supports it.
Connotations : Different meanings carried by a word in addition to its dictionary
definition. It generally depends upon a person’s background and cultural limits .
Doubtful connotation such as; amnesty, speed, grass, coke, feminist, prophet etc.
These words may arouse a confusion or argument.

4. Barriers In Communication
2. Physical Barriers
Communication does not take place through words alone. Since 55% of
communication is perceived or decoded through body language and facial
expressions
In a message, Barriers might be: finger-prints or smudges on paper, unclear
photo copies unreadable word-processor printout, stains of water or tea or oil etc.
In a presentation, Barriers might occur if the sender or speaker has poor verbal
skills, not enunciating or describing in details, speaking too quickly There might be
other sources of disruption like noise ,ringing telephones, slamming doors,
Environmental Disturbances like traffic noise, loud sound, passing train etc.

5. Barriers In Communication
3. Psychological Barriers
Every mind in this world is unique in itself. Thinking too much and forming a
person’s own idea can sometimes lead to barriers to communication.
Abstracting :
We use important detail in composing a message instead of picking up the
whole details, so decreasing too much can change the context of the message.
values, attitudes, opinions
Sometimes barriers may occur in communication due to difference
in opinions, values and attitude of communicators

6. Barriers In Communication
3. Psychological Barriers
Cross-cultural differences
Different cultures have different norms. A miscommunication can be caused
if the communicators are unaware of each other’s norms.
Favorable or Unfavorable Information
The sender must always hold a positive attitude by giving the receiver
Favorable information from their point of view. If unfavorable information is given
to the Receiver this might cause an attitudinal barrier to communication

7. Non-verbal
Communication Defined
Non-verbal communication consists of all the messages other than words
that are used in communication.
In oral communication Information is conveyed as words, tone of voice, and
body language. Studies have shown as follow:-
7% words of the information communicated.
38% vocal tone (verbal intonation/Paralinguistic))
55% of body language

8. Factors Of Nonverbal
Communication
1. Appearance
When you are speaking to one person face to face, Personal
Appearance and Appearance of your surrounding convey
i. Personal : Clothing, hairstyle, neatness, jewelry,
cosmetics, body size
ii. Surrounding : Room size, location, machines,
architecture, wall decoration, lighting
iii. Message : The format, neatness, and language of
written message sends a nonverbal message to the reader.

9. Factors Of
Communication
2. Facial Expression
A facial expression results from one or more motions or
positions of the muscles of the face. E.g facial expressions:
fear, anger, surprise, contempt, disgust, happiness, and
sadness
i. Eyebrows:
ii. Frown:
iii. Mouth:
iv. Lips:

10. Factors Of
Communication
3. Body Language
Posture, Gestures & Body Movements convey
message & add to or subtract your oral message.
i. Gesture
A body gesture is a movement made especially with the hands, to
express, confirm, emphasize or back up the speaker’s attitude or
intention.
ii. Posture
Body posture is the bearing or the position of the speaker’s body. when
the speaker is erect, his or her legs crossed or arms folded, such postures
convey a degree of formality or relaxation.

11. Factors Of
Communication
4. Voice
Pitch: It is how thick and how thin your voice is.
Rate: It is the number of words you speak in one
minute.
Volume: It is how loud and quiet you speak.
Tone: It is the intonation of where you rise and
where you drop your voice.
Vocal Quality: It is the natural quality of the voice one has.