1. Green areas in Kraków.
Smart city is a green city.
Paweł Hałat
Krakowskie Stowarzyszenie Przestrzeń-Ludzie-Miasto
Instytut Spraw Publicznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
SMART_KOM: SMART ENVIRONMENT WORKSHOP
Kraków, 09. 01. 2014

2. Ecosystem services - benefits that households,
societies and economy obtain from the ecosystems
Source: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005, http://uslugiekosystemow.pl

3. Smart city diagnostics – green areas:
• smart city places priority on natural
resources,
• natural resources are seen as amenities and
economic development assets, used to build a
good quality of life,
• system of greenways and parks,
• new developments create neighborhoods with
good quality of life for the long-term,
• green areas (parks, forests, water areas etc.)
offer diverse recreational opportunities.
http://www.smartcityconsulting.com

4. Vegetation map of Krakow – plant communities
and valuation
Source: http://zielonykrakow.um.krakow.pl:280/rosl/

5. Environmental links
Source: Opracowanie Ekofizjograficzne m. Krakowa

6. Statistics – green areas in Kraków
and Polish metropolises
Parks, forest, lawns,
residental green areas, street Protected areas
greenbelts
% of
ha
ha
% of area
ha
m2/inh.
area
2002 2012 2002 2012 2002
2012 2002 2012
2012
Parks and community
forests
City
Kraków
1 125,4 1 251,3 14,9 16,5 2 453,3 2 943,7
7,5
9,0 4 874,2
14,9
Warszawa
1 189,5 1 082,0
9,7
8,7 12 214,4
23,6
Łódź
2 114,2 2 053,0 26,9 28,6 3 331,4 3 548,0 11,3 12,1 2 753,1
9,4
Wrocław
1 560,8 1 702,8 24,4 27,0 2 401,6 2 799,4
6,3
Poznań
2 472,2 2 395,6 42,8 43,5 5 223,4 3 522,1 20,0 13,4
497,5
1,9
Cities >500 th.
8 462,1 8 484,7 19,0 19,4 18 400,3 17 294,9 10,9 10,2 22 175,7
13,1
Source: BDL GUS
7,0
6,3 4 990,6 4 481,7
8,2
9,6 1 836,5

7. Threats – private investments:
• destruction of large green/open areas in the city by
new, uncontrolled residential/commercial
development (Ruczaj, Górka Narodowa, Zakrzówek,
Czyżyny – the old runway),
• uncontrolled „densification” of build-up areas
(Młynówka Królewska, Wisła boulevards, Park
Dębnicki, Bronowice fortification, modernist
estates),
• new large residential areas dominated by paved
surface and with no public recreational areas,
• suburbanisation – urban sprawl in the metro area,
• trees removal from development areas,
• functional and visual degradation of landscape.

8. Threats – public policies and
investments:
•
•
•
•
lack of green areas protection in local zoning plans/MPZP,
too large urban development area proposed in spatial plans,
not enough funds to purchase areas for public parks,
new transport infrastructure (new ecological barriers) in
green areas (3rd Ring, Balice route, S7) and roads expansion –
trees removal (Al. 29-Listopada, Al. 3 Maja),
• large public investments in greenfield areas – 3rd Campus,
new university hospital,
• expansion of parking space – including underground car park
(Pl. Biskupi, modernist estates)
• mature trees destruction – dwarf trees (or no trees at all) as a
replacement.