Presentation by Robin Wilson, Lead Technologist, High Value
Manufacturing, Technology Strategy Board.
This was delivered at the Advanced Manufacturin Strategy: One Year On
event held at NESTA, London on 29 October 2009.
Exploring the Future Potential of AI-Enabled Smartphone Processors
Technology: High value manufacturing
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2. Pod 1 Pod 2 Pod 3 Pod 4 Pod 5 3.10-3.40 Global value chains - UKTI advanced engineering Donald McNeil Technology - High value manufacturing, Robin Wilson, Technology Strategy Board Intangibles - Designing Demand David Godber, Design Council Manufacturing Skills – an interactive session examining supply attraction and workforce development and then looking at skills for the future. Joanna Woolf, Cogent and Lynn Tomkins Semta Low Carbon Industrial Strategy Adam Cartwright, Office for Low Emission Vehicles 3.50-4.10 UKTI – meet the companies exporting in and Meet some of the companies who have been working successfully with TSB Meet some of the companies where design has improved sales Manufacturing the Future: Pat Langford, Director of Programmes, STEMNET will lead a discussion on promoting Manufacturing as an exciting and dynamic career choice. Meet a company who are working hard to inspire young people. Meet companies who are operating successfully in low carbon markets
9. Our Investment (Assessment) criteria Model for success: a convincing “yes” to these 4 questions Can the UK do it? Is there a large market opportunity? Is the idea ‘ready’? Can the Technology Strategy Board make a difference?
13. The Four ‘Pillars’ of the HVM Strategy The strategy includes key manufacturing activities that enhance competitive advantage in high wage economies; … and it recognises that large amounts of value-add and value-capture occur outside production – …and that technology may bring innovation in all areas . Products Production Processes Service Systems Value Systems
14. Prioritisation .. in areas of high growth + high R&D intensity Growth R&D Intensity
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17. And the results – how the £24m was won Sector/SIC Group Number of projects TSB funding (£m) TSB Funding (%) Bioscience & Healthcare 13 9.1 38 Special Purpose Machinery 8 4.9 20 Automotive 3 3.4 15 Aerospace 2 2.5 10 Electrical 1 1.1 5 Non Ferrous Metals 1 0.9 4 Construction 2 0.8 3 Agrochemicals 1 0.7 3 Environmental 1 0.6 3 Total 32 24 100
So, what is our strategy? Two words sum it up Connect, and catalyse [make reference to light sticks?]
To quote from Foresight 2020: “Manufacturing is changing – and redefining itself as a provider of lifetime service around a manufactured product”. The definition of manufacturing used by the Technology Strategy Board therefore embraces the whole life-cycle of a product, system or process, rather than the manufacturing process itself. The components of the life-cycle vary somewhat from industry to industry. For example, manufactured goods and process industries follow similar but different steps. However, the broad principles are similar. Our High Value Manufacturing Strategy, which was published last year creates a tool around which we can work with Industry, Academia and Government (national and regional) and to define appropriate ways in which we can co-invest with industry to meet future challenges. Firstly, it’s important to state that the development of the strategy was carried out in close collaboration with these all the partners and we will continue to take this integrated approach, which is why we value the opportunity to present to you today. To develop this strategy we needed to take a step back: to understand the landscape: current state of manufacturing in the UK, strengths and weaknesses to understand the market challenges and the opportunities they present. to take on board the work that had already been invested in defining these. First of all, we’ll take a look at what manufacturing means to the UK
So – how are we defining manufacturing. As we discussed at the start of the presentation – through extensive engagement with companies, recognised industry bodies and academia and an appreciation of the changing make-up of manufacturing, we have adopted the broader view rather than focussing on what has traditionally been viewed as manufacturing – “making things”. Production is just part of the overall picture from “cradle to grave” – and understanding the whole life cycle and the opportunities that arise as a result is vital. As consumers/users both commercial and private become more demanding in terms performance over the product lifetime – it has and is becoming ever more important to consider manufacturing from idea to disposal – optimising lifetime performance, reducing cost, increasing reliability, adding functionality – all important commercial differentiators and “value” generators.
Manufacturing represents an important strategic element of the UK economy, forming 14 – 15% of GDP and over 50% of exports. On a wider definition (including industrial services, construction and oil & gas), it represents up to 27% of the economy. So perhaps it’s not surprising that despite the widely held belief that the UK’s manufacturing base is a thing of the past, it still competes with the more recognised established and emerging economies In many sectors – such as pharmaceuticals and aerospace, the UK continues to be in a very strong competitive position. That’s not to say that the manufacturing base has stood still…. In many established industries manufacturing principles have changed radically and the real cost of production has fallen substantially. More specialised high-value operations, or completely new industries, have also grown to replace those that have been unable to meet up to evolving global challenges. Gross Value Added (GVA) GVA is used in the estimation of GDP, which is a key indicator of the state of the economy. In the UK, three theoretical approaches are used to estimate GDP: ‘production’, ‘income’ and ‘expenditure’. All three approaches are balanced annually using the Input-Output Supply and Use Tables accounting framework. The GVA for the manufacturing sector is used in the estimation of the GDP ‘production’ approach. The link between GVA and GDP can be defined as: GVA (at industry level current basic prices) plus taxes on products (available at whole economy level only) minus subsidies on products (available at whole economy level only) equals GDP (at current market prices; available at whole economy level only
We have taken this understanding and translated this into “four pillars” –we’ve been mindful to take on a lot of thinking from the CBI, the former DTI and academia – particularly the University of Cambridge. These pillars take into account the need to emphasise that competitive advantage in high wage economies such as the UK’s results from “value-added” elements that sit outside “production” and defines how we have invested and will invest over the three year period 2008-11. These we define as follows: Production Processes: new ways of making things that reduce cost, reduce waste – a focus on technologies that address sustainability challenges. Products: Design and development of innovative products or systems that provide improved performance, functionality, reliability, etc. Service Systems: the development of solutions which complement product offerings by adding value through support services before, during and after manufacture. Value Systems: focus on value networks that extend beyond individual companies or countries. It focuses on the delivery of a mix of products and services within extended global innovation, supply and distribution networks. By understanding how the whole manufacturing system works and we can begin to understand where “added-value” can be exploited. We’ve worked extensively with the Advanced Institute of Management Research to define this space.
Against this background, there is merit in the UK focusing its attention towards manufacturing sectors which are likely to give better results in terms of wealth and job creation. An analysis of UK manufacturing has been undertaken to assess which sectors (both by Standard Industrial Classification – SIC – code and by Industry Classification Benchmark – ICB) are particularly important to UK manufacturing. In performing this analysis, a number of reports and stakeholders were consulted. Sector attractiveness for UK wealth creation was then assessed by reference to: - Global market size and growth Market share of UK companies and UK strength in that sector Profitability Efficiency in exploiting value for wealth creation Technical intensity Based on SIC classification, the table suggests the areas which should be targeted: In broad terms, therefore, the areas where intervention is likely to be most effective in terms of UK wealth creation are: - Transport Pharmaceuticals and bioscience - Speciality chemicals - High-value, precision equipment, systems and machinery for all sectors - Specialised materials - Oil & gas Construction (particularly off-site manufacture, advanced materials, systems engineering, and process efficiency) This does not imply that other sectors should be ignored but rather that those proposed should be the focus for engagement, or for establishing large projects or initiatives, whereas a more reactive stance should be taken in other areas. But again, if you are familiar with the Technology Strategy Board’s Technology Inspired vs Challenge led strategy, there is strong interplay between defining the market pull from these sectors and mapping on them the technical/operational innovations that may offer solutions.
Our most recent competition closed just recently. It was launched in January and addressed “step changes in business performance” – - overall manufacturing costs; - whole life-cycle costs; - whole life environmental impact; - product performance, durability and reliability; - sales volumes; and - time to market. These points related mainly to the first three pillars – Products, Processes and Service Systems. We also ran a co-funded element with ESRC and EPSRC that sought to address the Value Systems pillar. We had an unprecedented response across the entire manufacturing landscape and will be making announcements of successful consortia next month.