Plagas que amenazan a las palmas en Puerto Rico – Dr. José C. Rodrigues

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Plagas que amenazan a las palmas en Puerto Rico – Dr. José C. Rodrigues Casa abierta EEA - Río Piedras 30 de abril de 2010

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Plagas que amenazan a las palmas en Puerto rico Jose Carlos V. Rodrigues [email_address] Casa Abierta UPR EEA CID Rio Piedras 2:10-2:50PM April 30’2010

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The generalist Needed: a New generation of problem solvers John W. MCarthur Jeffrey Sachs The Chronicle Jun/2009

The Big Fish Eat the Small Ones by Peter Brueghel the Elder ( 1556 ).

Adult coconut palm showing “drought syndrome” Humacao/PR Example 1. Raoiella indica - red palm mite

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Example 1. Raoiella indica - red palm mite

Feeding behavior ----->>>> Stomatal conductance Example 1. Raoiella indica - red palm mite

Stomatal conductance Mite - feeding behavior 21 days after infestation 1 mite/ cm2 Mite’s stylets Guard cells stomata mmol/cm2.s

Does the reduction on conductance associated with RPM feeding damage is affecting plant grown? 3 months after treatment Example 1. Raoiella indica - red palm mite

“ Coconut palm” Example 1. Raoiella indica - red palm mite

Red palm mite damage - Luquillo and Dorado/PR Example 1. Raoiella indica - red palm mite

Red palm mite damage in banana Loiza/PR Example 1. Raoiella indica - red palm mite

Number of Raoiella indica mites on the second youngest expanded leaf of different Musa spp. hybrids. Data are averaged for ten replicates. Significance p<0.05. T3 = 3months post infestation

Status of Raoiella - Caribbean 2007 Florida (Nov) (Oct) 2009 Brazil (Roraima) 2007 2008 (May)

October 2006 - First detection in Puerto Rico and Culebra January 2008 (Source Aphis)

Photographer of bison hides; JR Douglass; 1874 Prey- predator relationships

Prey-predator relationships A - Amblyseius largoensis (Muma), B - Mitochondrial DNA COI fragment, ( C ) Raoiella indica DNA sequence __ 400pb A B C

Raoiella indica vs. Amblyseius largoensis Sampling Unit 10 leaflets/plant ETOH 80% FAO

Total number of arthropods collected 07/08 Average of 10 leaflets/plant Raoiella indica Amblyseius largoensis Thrips Others N 20 km

Chemical composition of mite’s drops NMR GC-MS

Example 2. Palms’ dieback Lethal Yellowing symptoms PCR and Nested PCR detection 1.4Kb

Example 2. Palms’ dieback Insects PCR and Nested PCR detection

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New Quarantine and Invasive Species Center for Excellence Jardin Botánico Sur, Río Piedras Agricultural Experiment Station Welcome / Bienvenidos Jose Carlos V. Rodrigues [email_address]

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2011 APS-CD & ESA-SEB join meeting March 19-22 San Juan, PR

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