Philemon - The Avatar
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New Testament Walkthru - Philemon
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Philemon - The Avatar
- 1. The Gospels Acts of the Apostles Paulâs Letters Other Letters Revelation A Walkthruâ of the New Testament Lesson 19: Philemon â The Avatar
- 2. ď˝ Romans â Life Transformation Journey ď˝ 1 Corinthians - Heavenâs Gold ď˝ 2 Corinthians â Jars of Clay ď˝ Galatians â No longer I ď˝ Ephesians - Pushing Limits ď˝ Philippians - The Mind of Christ ď˝ Colossians â Complete Maturity in Christ ď˝ 1 Thessalonians â Cascading Hope ď˝ 2 Thessalonians â Confident Hope ď˝ 1 Timothy - Fighting Fit ď˝ 2 Timothy â Fearless Faithfulness ď˝ Titus â Double Grip ď˝ Philemon â The Avatar
- 3. ď˝ Romans â Life Transformation Journey ď˝ 1 Corinthians - Heavenâs Gold ď˝ 2 Corinthians â Jars of Clay ď˝ Galatians â No longer I ď˝ Ephesians - Pushing Limits ď˝ Philippians - The Mind of Christ ď˝ Colossians â Complete Maturity in Christ ď˝ 1 Thessalonians â Cascading Hope ď˝ 2 Thessalonians â Confident Hope ď˝ 1 Timothy - Fighting Fit ď˝ 2 Timothy â Fearless Faithfulness
- 4. ď˝ Titus â Double Grip ď˝ Philemon â The Avatar ď˝ Hebrews ď˝ James â All or nothing ď˝ 1 Peter ď˝ 2 Peter ď˝ 1 John ď˝ 2 John ď˝ 3 John ď˝ Jude
- 5. EVENT TIMELINE OF THE NEW TESTAMENT
- 6. ď˝ Introduction ď˝ Paulâs Role: ⌠Perception of hidden value ⌠Priming into visible value ⌠Paying his debts and cancelling the past ⌠Persuasion that church accepts new leader
- 7. ď˝ Churchâs role ⌠Partnership in utilizing leader ď˝ Onesimusâs role ⌠Perseverance ď˝ The Jesus analogy ď˝ Our Role ď˝ Discussion
- 8. ď˝ Paul writes while under his two years of house arrest in Rome â first imprisonment ď˝ While heavily guarded he has faithful team members with him as he strengthens the ministry in various churches ď˝ He appears to have the same team as when he wrote the Colossian letter (also sent via Onesimus who was referred as âfaithfulâ and beloved brotherâ)
- 9. ď˝ Onesimusâ name means profitable; useful ď˝ Reflects Godâs power to restore a useless person into useful ministry in His Church. [7] ď˝ Reflects role of leaders ď˝ The context may not be clear to us ď˝ The conclusion is agreed on by most scholars that he later became an apostle and bishop.
- 10. ď˝ Interestingly, while this letter was written around or after the Colossian letter it is placed after the pastoral epistles. ď˝ Was this also viewed as a pastoral epistle? ď˝ Personally I see the birth and grooming a leader by leaders â the culminating pastoral epistle.
- 11. While Timothy and Titus his âtrueâ sons, were long established and trained in the ministry, this new âbegottenâ son Onesimus appears to be launched, hence the importance of this letter. These then were key next gen. leaders: ď˝ Timothy, a Jew ď˝ Titus, a Greek ď˝ Onesimus, a slave
- 12. Traditional Interpretation [5] Contemporary Interpretation [5] Onesimus was a "runaway slave" who fled from his master, Philemon. Onesimus, a slave, had encountered Paul possibly even sent by his master, Philemon. He fled to Rome and encountered Paul during his house arrest Philemon may have even sent Onesimus to assist and care for Paul while he was under house arrest. Under Roman law he could face death for runaway slaves. [3] Philemon was not Roman and therefore not under Roman law [4] Paul writes to Philemon out of legal obligation, to ask pardon after he returned home. Paul resists even viewing Onesimus as a slave and writes to Philemon and the church in his house to accept Onesimus as a missionary. He had also stolen something from his master, Philemon. He was not a thief, but probably a debt slave.
- 13. Considering both view points (though I am tilted to the second due to reasons in the following slides and notes): ď§ Paul has not stated history, and ď§ The bible is complete in itself What lessons can we derive given either of the views may be true?
- 14. Paul brings out the best in Onesimus by: ď˝ Perception of hidden value ď˝ Priming into visible value ď˝ Paying his debts and cancelling the past ď˝ Persuading church to accept him. accept new leader
- 15. 10 I appeal to you for my child Onesimus, whom I have begotten in my imprisonment, 11 who formerly was useless to you, but now is useful both to you and to me.
- 16. 12 I have sent him back to you in person, that is, sending my very heart, 13 whom I wished to keep with me, so that on your behalf he might minister to me in my imprisonment for the gospel; 16 no longer as a slave..
- 17. 18 But if he has wronged you in any way or owes you anything, charge that to my account;19 I, Paul, am writing this with my own hand, I will repay it (not to mention to you that you owe to me even your own self as well).
- 18. To Philemon our beloved brother and fel low worker, 2 and to Apphia our sister, and to Archippus our fellow soldier, and to the church in your house:âŚ
- 19. 15 For perhaps he was for this reason separated from you for a while, that you would have him back forever,16 no longer as a slave, but more than a slave, a beloved brother.. in the Lord. 17 If then you regard me a partner, accept him as you would me.
- 20. 17 If then you regard me a partner, accept him as you would me.
- 21. Onesimus donned the leaderâs garb, slipped into his new shoes and never turned back.
- 22. Onesimus the slave was no more Onesimus the son was born
- 23. The same story continues today ď˝ Perceptionâ Jesus sees our worth ď˝ Priming â Jesus prepares us ď˝ Paying debts â Jesus has cancelled our past ď˝ Persuasion â Jesus will create acceptance ď˝ Partnership of church â Jesus will use us to reach heights we will never otherwise know
- 24. ď˝ What about us? ď˝ Are we confident enough in Christ to be the amazing person he wants us to be? ď˝ Are we running away from our past rather than facing it and overcoming it? ď˝ Or are we persevering to the end like Onesimus did?
- 25. Paulâs Role ď˝ Perception ď˝ Priming ď˝ Paying debts ď˝ Persuasion Churchâs Role ď˝ Partnership Onesimusâ s Role ď˝ Perseverence
- 26. ď˝ What strikes you on the leadersâ role in the great transformation of Onesimus? ď˝ Why is there shortage of leaders in the church? What can we do? ď˝ How can we see with the eyes of Jesus and help a useless person to become useful? How do we ensure itâs the right person? ď˝ How can we develop our own worth to achieve heights for Jesus? Share what steps you would like to take to accomplish this.
- 27. Traditional records mention that: ď˝ Saint Onesimus also called Onesimus of Byzantium and The Holy Apostle Onesimus, was a slave to Philemon of Colossae, a man of Christian faith.[1] ď˝ May be the same Onesimus named by Ignatius of Antioch as Bishop in Ephesus[2][9]. Also known by some as Bishop of Byzantium[8].
- 28. ď˝ He is venerated in: ⌠Roman Catholic Church ⌠Eastern Orthodox Church ⌠Lutheranism ď˝ A Feast in his memory is celebrated on February 15 or 16, or November 22 (Gregorian calendar), February 28 (Julian calendar)
- 29. 1. âOnesimus". Ecumenic Patriarchate of Constantinople. Retrieved Apr 2, 2011. 2. The Epistle of Ignatius to the Ephesians 3. http://www.biblica.com/en-us/bible/online- bible/scholar-notes/niv-study-bible/intro-to-philemon/ 4.https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/commentaries/I VP-NT/Phlm/Philemons-Relationship 5. http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/Paul-Philemon.htm 6. The holy apostle Onesimus - http://www.serb ianorthodoxchurch.net/ 7. http://zionteacher.org/archives/633 8. Wikipedia 9. http://www.easyenglish.info/bible-commentary/phm- lbw.htm
Hinweis der Redaktion
- The Epistles of the Bible are all found in the New Testament. They include 21 of the New Testamentâs 27 books, extending from Romans to Jude. Thirteen of these Epistles were written by the apostle Paul: Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon. Within this group of Pauline Epistles is a subgroup labeled the Prison Epistles (Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon) so-called because they were written during Paulâs two-year house arrest in Rome (Acts 28:30â31). The Pastoral Epistles (1 and 2 Timothy and Titus) were written to church leaders and include many teachings regarding practices within the early church. Following these writings are eight General Epistles (sometimes called Catholic Epistles, since they were written to a âuniversalâ audience) that include Hebrews, James, 1 and 2 Peter, 1, 2, and 3 John, and Jude. The author of Hebrews is unknown (though many have historically attributed it to Paul or one of Paulâs associates). James was one of the earliest New Testament writings and was written by James, the half-brother of Jesus (1 Corinthians 15:7). The apostle Peter wrote 1 and 2 Peter. The apostle John (the same author of the Gospel of John and Revelation) wrote 1 John, 2 John, and 3 John. The short Epistle of Jude was written by Jude, another half-brother of Jesus (Jude 1:1). All of the known authors of the Epistles are either an apostle (Paul, Peter, John) or a family member of Jesus (James, Jude). Each of these individuals had a unique calling from the Lord Jesus that included writing letters to others. These letters, inspired by the Holy Spirit, are preserved as part of the New Testamentâs writings today. Read more:http://www.gotquestions.org/what-is-an-epistle.html#ixzz3eBIfeAM6
- The Epistles of the Bible are all found in the New Testament. They include 21 of the New Testamentâs 27 books, extending from Romans to Jude. Thirteen of these Epistles were written by the apostle Paul: Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon. Within this group of Pauline Epistles is a subgroup labeled the Prison Epistles (Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon) so-called because they were written during Paulâs two-year house arrest in Rome (Acts 28:30â31). The Pastoral Epistles (1 and 2 Timothy and Titus) were written to church leaders and include many teachings regarding practices within the early church. Following these writings are eight General Epistles (sometimes called Catholic Epistles, since they were written to a âuniversalâ audience) that include Hebrews, James, 1 and 2 Peter, 1, 2, and 3 John, and Jude. The author of Hebrews is unknown (though many have historically attributed it to Paul or one of Paulâs associates). James was one of the earliest New Testament writings and was written by James, the half-brother of Jesus (1 Corinthians 15:7). The apostle Peter wrote 1 and 2 Peter. The apostle John (the same author of the Gospel of John and Revelation) wrote 1 John, 2 John, and 3 John. The short Epistle of Jude was written by Jude, another half-brother of Jesus (Jude 1:1). All of the known authors of the Epistles are either an apostle (Paul, Peter, John) or a family member of Jesus (James, Jude). Each of these individuals had a unique calling from the Lord Jesus that included writing letters to others. These letters, inspired by the Holy Spirit, are preserved as part of the New Testamentâs writings today. Read more:http://www.gotquestions.org/what-is-an-epistle.html#ixzz3eBIfeAM6
- The Epistles of the Bible are all found in the New Testament. They include 21 of the New Testamentâs 27 books, extending from Romans to Jude. Thirteen of these Epistles were written by the apostle Paul: Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon. Within this group of Pauline Epistles is a subgroup labeled the Prison Epistles (Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon) so-called because they were written during Paulâs two-year house arrest in Rome (Acts 28:30â31). The Pastoral Epistles (1 and 2 Timothy and Titus) were written to church leaders and include many teachings regarding practices within the early church. Following these writings are eight General Epistles (sometimes called Catholic Epistles, since they were written to a âuniversalâ audience) that include Hebrews, James, 1 and 2 Peter, 1, 2, and 3 John, and Jude. The author of Hebrews is unknown (though many have historically attributed it to Paul or one of Paulâs associates). James was one of the earliest New Testament writings and was written by James, the half-brother of Jesus (1 Corinthians 15:7). The apostle Peter wrote 1 and 2 Peter. The apostle John (the same author of the Gospel of John and Revelation) wrote 1 John, 2 John, and 3 John. The short Epistle of Jude was written by Jude, another half-brother of Jesus (Jude 1:1). All of the known authors of the Epistles are either an apostle (Paul, Peter, John) or a family member of Jesus (James, Jude). Each of these individuals had a unique calling from the Lord Jesus that included writing letters to others. These letters, inspired by the Holy Spirit, are preserved as part of the New Testamentâs writings today. Read more:http://www.gotquestions.org/what-is-an-epistle.html#ixzz3eBIfeAM6
- A. Place of Origin: Paulâs (first) Roman Imprisonment: 1. Paul clearly writes as a prisoner in Philemon (1,9,10,23)3 2. Paulâs imprisonment seems to be from the same location as that in Colossians: a. Names: When one compares the names in Philemon 1,10,22-24 with those in Colossians 4:7-17 it becomes evident that they were written from the same location: 1) Epaphras 2) Mark 3) Aristarchus 4) Archippus 5) Demas 6) Luke 7) Onesimus 8) Paul and Timothy b. Messengers: In Colossians 4:7-9 Tychicus was entrusted with the letter with Onesimus as a companion; this Onesimus is the same one of Philemon [4]
- See references for more historical data on Onesimus.
- Several recent commentators have argued that Paul is probably not motivated to send Onesimus back to Philemon for legal or financial reasons. Onesimus was probably not a fugitive slave; Philemon was probably not a Roman citizen; and in either case Roman law is unclear on what Paul's responsibilities were in this triangular relationship (see introduction). Clearly, Paul steadfastly resists thinking of Philemon as Onesimus's legal owner. The story behind Paul's appeal is a profoundly religious one and has social implications: Philemon is to regard Onesimus as his Christian "brother" (v. 16) and "partner" in the faith (v. 17), which makes their owner-slave relationship no longer possible. So Paul is sending Onesimus back to Philemon for their reconciliation; they are both his spiritual sons, and he is the religious patron and responsible for the nurture of both. [4] Interpreting the Letter's Purpose: How one understands why the slave Onesimus was in jail with Paul greatly affects how one interprets the purpose of this letter. Traditional Interpretation Contemporary Interpretation Onesimus was a "runaway slave" who had fled from his master, Philemon. Onesimus, a slave, had been sent on a mission by his master, Philemon. He was caught and put into the same jail as Paul by coincidence. Philemon had sent Onesimus to assist and care for Paul in jail. Onesimus begged Paul to write to Philemon, to ask Philemon not to punish the runaway slave further after he is returned home. Paul takes the initiative in writing to Philemon, to ask Philemon to set the slave free so he can become a Christian missionary. He was also a thief who had stolen something from his master, Philemon. He was not a thief, but probably a debt slave; thus Philemon would lose out if he set Onesimus free. Onesimus' Later Life as a Christian: Onesimus is mentioned one other time in the NT. At the end of Paul's letter to the Colossians, he mentions that he is sending Tychicus ("my beloved brother, trustworthy minister, and fellow slave in the Lord") together with Onesimus ("a trustworthy and beloved brother, who is one of you") as his messengers to the Christians in Colossae. Later Christian tradition (after the NT) refers to Onesimus as the first "bishop" of the Christian Church in Colossae. [5]
- The formerly useless slave is now a useful minister.
- While it is not clear why Paul should speak of Onesimus as his very heart, two possibilities seem best: (1) the imprisoned Paul may be designating Onesimus as his agent, so that by delivering this letter to Philemon, Onesimus can be the mediator of Paul's heart (or compassion) in his absence (O'Brien 1982:293); or (2) Onesimus himself may be a source of compassion for the imprisoned Paul. I am inclined toward the second meaning, since it best explains Paul's hesitancy in sending Onesimus home. He has been Paul's faithful servant (v. 13) and has been his only source of compassion while he is in chains for the gospel. Yet when Paul prayed for Philemon's compassion in verse 7, heart was coupled with koinonia and indicated the requisite capacity of a nurturing congregation. Perhaps Paul implies the same here: Onesimus is useful to Philemon as one who has the capacity for compassion and therefore can help Philemon and his household church reach its ideal of koinonia (see Phil 1:5). Biblegateway.com [4] A second and perhaps more critical reason is located in the purpose clause at the end of verse 13, where Paul says that Onesimus's ministrations are so that he could take [Philemon's] place. Finally, Paul's word choice for helping (diakoneo) is striking because it comes from a different word for "slave" from the one he then uses in verse 16 (doulos). [4]
- Please note that there is an âifâ here. If there was a clear error on Onesimusâ part, there should not have been an âifâ. Epaphras, the pastor of Philemonâs church was with Paul when he wrote the letter, and may have even known Onesimus. It is most likely he is a debt slave.
- The letters were address to the church and leaders of the church in addition to Philemon and his wife (Apphia is assumed to be Philemonâs wife). It clearly seems more than a personal letter to accept a slave.
- While the meaning of the phrase he was separated from you remains contested among scholars, many now take it as a reference to the outworking of God's will rather than to Onesimus's fugitive status. The verbal voice is passive, implying that something or someone besides Onesimus is responsible for Onesimus's action. (O'Brien calls this a "divine passive" because it suggests the working out of God's will; 1982:295.) Further, Paul couples this phrase with the adverb perhaps (tacha), [4]
- Clearly, this is what must have happened as history records. Paul appeals as a ministry partner and not as a mentor. Reason for acceptance appears more ministry than personal.
- We donât know the full story. But it must have been a rough road for Onesimus â as he went back to the place where he was known as a slave.
- The parallel to Jesus and his substitutionary sacrifice provides a different level of application to us.
- Onesimus From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the biblical figure. For other uses, see Onesimus (disambiguation). Saint Onesimus Onesimus of Byzantium (Menologion of Basil II).jpg Holy Disciple Onesimus Bishop of Byzantium References 1 "Onesimus". Ecumenic Patriarchate of Constantinople. Retrieved Apr 2, 2011. 2. Christian Bible: Colossians 4:9 3. âThe Letter to Philemon', Joseph A. Fitzmyer S.J., paragraph 5, pages 869-870 The New Jerome Biblical Commentary, 1989, Geoffrey Chapman 4. Saint Onesimus at SQPN website 5. Christian Bible: Philemon verses 19-16 6.  Fitzmyer paragraph 4 7. The Epistle of Ignatius to the Ephesians 8. The Holy Apostle Onesimus - Serbian Orthodox Calendar 9. Lutheran ChurchâMissouri Synod. Lutheran Worship. Concordia Publishing House, 1982, updated by the same church's Lutheran Service Book. Concordia Publishing House, 2006. Jump up^ The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 2nd edition, E. A. Livingstone, 2000, Oxford University Press, p. 414. Jump up^ Livingstone (2000), p. 414 Jump up^ Martyrologium Romanum, 2004, Vatican Press (Typis Vaticanis), p. 150. Contents [hide] 1 In Scripture 2 In tradition 3 In liturgy 4 See also 5 References 6 External Links In Scripture[edit] The name "Onesimus" appears in two New Testament epistlesâin Colossians 4 and in Philemon. In Colossians 4:9[2] a person of this name is identified as a Christian accompanying Tychicus to visit the Christians in Colossae; nothing else is stated about him in this context. He may well be the freed Onesimus from the Epistle to Philemon. The Epistle to Philemon was written by Paul the Apostle to the slave-master Philemon concerning a runaway slave called Onesimus. This slave found his way to the site of Paul's imprisonment (most probably Rome or Caesarea)[3] to escape punishment for a theft of which he was accused.[4] After hearing the Gospel from Paul, Onesimus converted to Christianity. Paul, having earlier converted Philemon to Christianity, sought to reconcile the two by writing the letter to Philemon which today exists in the New Testament.[5]). The letter read (in part): â I appeal to you for my child, Onesimus, whose father I became in my imprisonment. (Formerly he was useless to you, but now he is indeed useful to you and to me.) I am sending him back to you, sending my very heart. I would have been glad to keep him with me, in order that he might serve me on your behalf during my imprisonment for the gospel, but I preferred to do nothing without your consent in order that your goodness might not be by compulsion but of your own accord. For this is perhaps why he was parted from you for a while, that you might have him back forever, no longer as a slave, as a beloved brotherâespecially to me, but how much more to you, both in the flesh and in the Lord. â ââŻPaul of Tarsus to Philemon, Epistle to Philemon 1:10â16 (ESV) In tradition[edit] Although it is doubted by authorities such as Joseph Fitzmyer,[6] it may be the case that this Onesimus was the same one consecrated a bishop by the Apostles and who accepted the episcopal throne in Ephesus[7] following Saint Timothy. During the reign of Roman emperor Domitian and the persecution of Trajan, Onesimus was imprisoned in Rome and may have been martyred by stoning (although some sources claim that he was beheaded).[8] In liturgy[edit] Onesimus is regarded as a saint by many Christian denominations. The Lutheran ChurchâMissouri Synod, which commemorates him and Philemon on February 15.[9] Eastern Churches remember Onesimus on 15 February and 22 November.[10] The traditional Western commemoration of Onesimus is on 16 February.[11] But in the 2004 edition of the Roman Martyrology, Onesimus is listed under 15 February with the Latin name OnĂŠsimi. There, he is described as "[a] runaway slave, whom the apostle Paul received to the faith of Christ while in prison, regarding him as a son of whom he had become father, as he himself wrote to Philemon, Onesimus's master".[12] The date is designated the "commemoration of blessed Onesimus", indicating that it is not regarded as his date of death, and suggesting that his rank in the Catholic Church may be Blessed rather than Saint. See also[edit] The attitude of Paul is one of the arguments in the debate about Christianity and slavery. Wikipedia  Deeply moved by this letter, Philemon received Onesimus as a brother indeed and gave him his freedom. Onesimus was later made bishop and received the see of Ephesus after the death of the Apostle Timothy. This is recorded in the epis-tles of Ignatius the God-Bearer. At the time of the persecution under Trajan, Onesimus, by then an old man, was arrested and taken to Rome. There he testified before the judge Tertylus, was imprisoned and finally slain. A wealthy woman took his body, placed it in a silver coffin and buried it, in the year 109. The holy apostle Onesimus - http://www.serbianorthodoxchurch.net/cgi-bin/saints.cgi?view=367579991073