Prayas session on The Moons by Joydrit Goswami

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Tenet Systems Pvt. Ltd.
An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company
Wednesday Work-out session – 02-24-2015
Presented By – Joydrit Goswami
TIME: 45 Mins

Copyright © technoKratsCopyright © technoKrats 2
LUNA LUNAEUROPA

Moon Titan Europa
A natural satellite, or moon, is a celestial but not artificial body that orbits another body
(generally, a planet). The bigger planet is called its primary, and the moon is called its
secondary.
Every planet in this solar system, as well the 3 other known Solar Systems out of our galaxy have
planets that have natural satellites orbiting it.
TITAN EUROPA
EARTH (Primary)
MOON (Secondary)

1. Almost all Natural Satellites are theorized to have been formed at the same time as its
primary. In simpler words, each and every Moon orbiting its primary planet was formed at time
as the planet itself.
2. It is generally believed that the planets of this solar system was formed due the collapse of a
Protoplanetary Disk of some star. The same collapse also might have created the moons.
3. A Protoplanetary Disk is complex system of rotating circumstellar disk of dense gas
surrounding a massive star.

1. There are 173 known natural satellites orbiting planets in the Solar System. As of January
2012, over 200 minor-planet moons have been discovered.
2. Earth’s Moon, Luna, is 238,854.98 miles away from us. It is estimated to be 4.53 Billion years
old. It takes total 27.3 days to orbit Earth.
Ganymede (Moon Of Jupiter) and Titan (Moon Of Saturn) are two largest Moons in the Solar System.

3. In most cases, the same side of the natural satellite or the moon always faces its planet.
Which basically means we basically would see just one side of the moon always, no matter
which planet we are on. This phenomenon is called Tidal Locking.
4. Not just planets, even some Asteroids have been discovered to have their own moons. A
known example would be Asteroid 243 Ida, who has known as Dactyl.
5. Moon of Saturn, Rhea, is said to have its own moons by names Telesto and Calypso. It is the
only known Moon with its own moons. This phenomenon is called Trojan Moons.
6. Every Moon has a
substantial gravitational
influence that produces
ocean tides and the
slight lengthening of the
day.
1993 Galileo image of 243 Ida. The tiny dot to the right is its moon,
Dactyl.

8. There are some Moons out there who have a very dense atmosphere and liquid oceans.
However, the atmosphere is no where like earth. Its mainly composed of Nitrogen, Methane,
Ethane, and Carbon Dioxide.

None of the inner planets like Mercury or Venus have any Natural Satellites. The reason could be
many. Mercury and Venus are very close to the Sun, and hence its a possible that any moon it
may had in the past was pulled away by Sun’s massive gravitational force. Another reason could
be that both Mercury and Venus have very less gravitational force and hence don’t have enough
power to retain a moon.
VENUS MERCURY
Image By NASA Messenger 1989
Image By NASA Mariner 1996

LUNA
Earth has just one natural satellite, Luna. Or the Moon. NEXT: VIDEO

PHOBOS
DEIMOS
Mars has total 2 main Moons, but they are not Natural Satellites.

There are 67 confirmed moons of Jupiter. Out of which, Io, Callisto and Ganymede among the
largest moons in the Solar System. They are called the Galilean moons, and were discovered in
1610 by Galileo Galilei. Europa has an atmosphere and a possible liquid ocean under its icy
surface.
Jupiter’s Moons are a mixture of captured asteroids and natural satellites.

Saturn has 62 confirmed moons in its orbit. Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea and Lapetus
are the important moons. Titan, is largest moon of Saturn and the only one with a dense
atmosphere and massive liquid ocean on the surface
Like Jupiter, Saturn’s Moons are a mixture of natural satellites, captured asteroids
and tiny moonlets as less as 1km in diameter.

The seventh planet of the Solar System, has 27 known moons. Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania,
and Oberon are the five major moons in its orbit. Being far away from the Sun, all of Uranian
Moons are Ice and Rock giants with no sign of liquid bodies and notably dark.
The formation of Uranian Moons are believed to have been from a Saturn type dics
that existed around the planet shortly after its beginning.

Neptune has 14 known moons. Triton is the largest of them and most unique. The moons of
Uranus are incredibly cold. Triton is believed to have an ocean of liquid nitrogen.
The Origins of Neptunian Moons are very speculative and they may have been
formed due to various natural and unnatural reasons.

The dwarf planet Pluto has five known moons. They are Charon, Styx, Nix, Kerberos, and Hydra.
Charon is the largest among five, and as massive as Pluto itself.
Pluto is a mysterious world and the origin of moons are purely speculative. Given its
size, it is safe to assume that none of its moons are natural satellites but captured
asteroids.

1. Luna has already been visited several times by mankind. The Apollo 1969 has only been the
manned mission so far.
2. Countries like India, China, and almost all Western Countries have done extensive study on
its origin and landed probes and rovers on its surface.
3. Technological advancement has now enabled us to study the Moons of other planets.
4. Because of cooler temperature,
atmosphere, liquid seas in some
of moons, it is safe to assume
that an research on any of these
will serve as a Technology
Demonstrator for planned future
Interstellar travel beyond this
Solar System.
5. NEXT UP – Gravity.
Since it remains our biggest
hindrance.

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Prayas session on The Moons by Joydrit Goswami

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Prayas session on The Moons by Joydrit Goswami