healh assessment on culture

2. 1. Why would you not give a Brazilian a
knife for a gift?
A. It represents the cutting off of a head
B. It represents the cutting off of a
relationship
C. It represents the desire to marry the
recipient's daughter

3. B

4. 2. Which of these gifts is the most
appropriate for a Saudi business
associate?
A. Gold watch
B. Silver Pen
C. Silk Tie

5. B

6. • In Belguim when should gifts be given to a
host?
A. After the meal
B. Before the meal
C. During the meal

7. C

8. • If invited to a house for dinner in Turkey,
which of these would you take?
A. Money
B. Pastries
C. Whiskey

9. B

10. • . In Bolivia what colour flowers would
make a poor choice for a gift?
A. White
B. Red
C. Yellow

11. C

12. • Gifts are opened in front of the giver in
Indonesia.
A. True
B. False

13. B

14. • . Reciprocal gifts in South Korea should
always be..
A. More expensive
B. Equal worth
C. Cheaper

15. B

16. • 10. In Japan gifts are considered bribes.
A. True
B. False

17. B

18. When giving or receiving a gift in China, you
should so do using...
A. Both hands
B. Right hand
C. Left Hand

19. A

20. • What colour would you suggest wrapping
a gift in for a client in India?
A. Green
B. White
C. Black

21. A

22.  ROOT WORD: German Word “Kultur”
which means
“civilization”
 CULTURE -- AS A WAY OF LIFE OF A
PARTICULAR GROUP OF
PEOPLE that defines who we
are

23.  CultureCulture
- refers to practices of a group of people
that are learned and shared which guide
our thinking, decisions, and actions.
 Set of values, ideas, beliefs, and standards
of behavior shared by a group of people
and learned from one's family

24. Within most cultures are subcultures...Within most cultures are subcultures...
• SUBCULTURES:
A PORTION OF SOCIETY THAT have certain
ethnic characteristics that are not common
to the larger culture
• IT REFERS TO A CULTURE WITHIN A
LARGER & DOMINANT CULTURE.

25. Example:Example:
Nursing is a subculture of the
larger health care system
culture
Bikers,military culture, and star
trek fans

26. 2 Groups within a Culture:2 Groups within a Culture:
1. Dominant Group
has the most authority to control values &
sanctions of the society
2. Minority Group
some/little physical or cultural characteristics
that identifies the people within it as different

27. Example of Dominant Values:Example of Dominant Values:
• Youth
• Thinness
• Beauty
• Success
• Independence
• Technology

28. Cultural AssimilationCultural Assimilation
or Acculturationor Acculturation
• the process when the minority group
loses their cultural
characteristics that once made
them different
• values are replaced by the values of
the dominant culture

29. Example:Example:
- When people immigrate to a
new place, they learn the
dominant language, go to work
and go to school allowing them
to move closer to the dominant
culture.

30. Mutual Cultural AssimilationMutual Cultural Assimilation
- it occurs when some characteristics of
both groups are being traded.
• Example:
- Hispanic immigrants to the U.S. learn
to speak English and Americans learn
and use traditional Hispanic foods.

31. Race
• Different varieties of humans assumed by
some people to exist
• Based on specific physical characteristics
such as skin pigmentation, body stature,
facial features & hair texture

32. Common Categories of Race:
• White – Europe, Middle East, Irish,
German, Italian, Arab
• Black/African American – Africa, Negro
• American Indian – Alaska native, North &
South America, tribal affiliation
• Asian – Far east, Southeast Asia, India,
China, Philippines
• Native Hawaiian – Pacific Islands, Hawaii,
Guam
• Hispanic – Latino, Mexican, Puerto Rican,
Cuban, Spanish origin,

33. EthnographyEthnography
• Is the study of a culture.
• The methodological approach of
research to develop nurse’s
awareness of culturally diverse
needs of individuals.

34. Attitudes to CultureAttitudes to Culture
1. STEREOTYPING – when one assumes
that all members of a culture or ethnic
group act alike.
Example:
All Italians are emotional
All German men never cry
Negative Stereotyping – racism/sexism
leading to discrimination against those
considered inferior

35. 2. ETHNOCENTRISM: SEES ONE CULTURE
AS SUPERIOR TO OTHER CULTURES.
“MY CULTURE IS THE BEST CULTURE.”
- the perception that one's own way is
best when viewing the world.
3. XENOCENTRISM: SEES ONE CULTURE AS
INFERIOR TO OTHER CULTURES.
E.G. “PHILIPPINE CULTURE IS NOTHING
COMPARED TO AMERICAN CULTURE.”

36. Culture ConflictCulture Conflict
- when people feel threatened,
and respond by ridiculing the
beliefs & traditions of others to
make themselves feel more
secure

37. Culture Shock
 TEMPORARY --- WHERE A PERSON IS
DISORIENTED AFTER BEING EXPOSED
TO A NEW OR UNFAMILIAR CULTURE.
E.G. A RESIDENT AMERICAN MIGHT BE
SHOCKED TO KNOW HE HAS EATEN
DOG MEAT IN BAGUIO.

38. Causes of Cultural ShockCauses of Cultural Shock
• Unfamiliar:
–Language
–Climate
–Currency
–Road signs
–Colleagues
• Adaptation process

39. Adaptation Process

40. Stage 1: The “Honeymoon” Phase
• The things you experience when you
are on vacation. The differences are
wonderful and new.

41. Stage 2: The Negotiation Phase
• Differences are no
longer seen as wonderful
but rather as frustrations,
annoyances and painful
reminders of what you
left in your native
country.

42. Stage 3: The “Everything is OK” Phase/
Adjustment Phase
• One is now accustomed to the differences
and no longera reacts negatively to them.
This is now their own way of living, a culture
they understand.

43. Stage 4: Recovery phase
•Sense of belonging to culture emergesSense of belonging to culture emerges

44. What to do if you
experience Culture Shock?

45. • Buy a travel book and research
before going.
• Be open-minded
• Participate in their culture
• Find resources in your
new ‘home’ such as,
travelers groups and etc...

46. Transcultural Nursing
• A humanistic and scientific practice in
nursing
• Focused on people's cultural values, beliefs,
and practices, and to use this knowledge to
provide culturally congruent nursing care to
people.

47. Let us BecomeLet us Become
Culturally CompetentCulturally Competent
NursesNurses

48. Cultural Competence:Cultural Competence:
• process in which the nurse strives to
achieve the ability to effectively work
within the cultural context of an
individual, family or community

49. Theory in Nursing
According to Campinha-BacoteAccording to Campinha-Bacote
(Culturally Competent Model of Care)
• The process of cultural competence has 5
Processes
• 5 constructs in the process5 constructs in the process:
a. Cultural desire
b. Cultural awareness
c. Cultural knowledge
d. Cultural skill
e. Cultural encounters

50. First: Cultural Desire
• The motivation to want to engage
in intercultural encounters and to
acquire cultural competence
• Nurse must sincerely desire to
acquire the cultural knowledge &
skill necessary for effectively
assessing the client

51. Second:Second: Cultural AwarenessCultural Awareness
• Healthcare provider becomes
appreciative & sensitive to the values,
beliefs, practices & problem-solving
strategies of a client’s culture.
• Includes self-examination &
exploration of one’s own cultural
background
• Nurse must examine their own biases
toward other cultures & must explore
how their own cultural beliefs may
affect interactions with clients of other
cultures

52. Building Cultural AwarenessBuilding Cultural Awareness
• Understand your own culture
• Understand and accept logic of
other cultural frameworks
• Cultural differences as unique and
creative problem-solving
opportunity

53. Third:Third: Cultural KnowledgeCultural Knowledge
• Process of seeking and
obtaining an educational
foundation concerning the
different cultures

54. Fourth:Fourth: Cultural SkillCultural Skill
• Ability to collect relevant cultural
data
• Involves learning how to
complete the cultural & physical
assessment and to interpret the
data accurately

55. Fifth:Fifth: Cultural EncountersCultural Encounters
• allows the nurse to engage directly in
face-to-face interactions with clients
from culturally diverse backgrounds.
• Nurse must seek out many encounters
with the desire to understand more and
more about the culture

56. Be A Culturally Competent NurseBe A Culturally Competent Nurse……
• use past experiences as a guide
• Learn from your mistakes
• Treat each person as an
individual
• Become more sensitive to the
cultural influences of others
• Incorporate cultural dietary
practices

57. • Smile will never be
misunderstood
• Polite handshake is accepted in
most cultures
• Familiarize yourself with the
customs, values, laws and
health of the country you will work
in

58. • Try the food, listen to the music and
if possible talk with people of that
culture before leaving home.
• Learn about the organization under
who you will work-purpose, goals,
philosophy, policies.

59. • Nurses – provide care to
culturally diverse people
• Must develop the
knowledge and Practice the
skills necessary for
culturally competent care

60. A Nurse Must BeA Nurse Must Be
Culturally:
- sensitive
- appropriate
and
- competent