A bioreactor is an installation for the production of microorganisms outside their natural but inside an artificial environment. The prefix “photo” particularly describes the bio-reactor's property to cultivate phototrophic microorganisms, or organisms which grow on by utilizing light energy. These organisms use the process of photosynthesis to build their own biomass from light and carbon dioxide. Members of this group are Plants, Mosses, Microalgae, Cyanobacteria and Purple Bacteria. Photobioreactor or PBR, is the controlled supply of specific environmental conditions for respective species. Photobioreactor allows much higher growth rates and purity levels than anywhere in natural or habitats similar to nature. The function of the bioreactor is to provide a suitable environment in which an organism can efficiently produce a target product—the target product might be. Cell biomass Metabolite Bioconversion Product The performance of any bioreactor depends on the following key factors: Agitation rate Oxygen transfer pH Temperature There is no universal bioreactor. The general requirements of the bioreactor are as follows: The design and construction of bioreactors must keep sterility from the start point to end of the process. Optimal mixing with low, uniform shear. Adequate mass transfer, oxygen. Clearly defined flow conditions. Feeding substrate with prevention of under or overdosing. Suspension of solids. Gentle heat transfer. Compliance with design requirements such as: ability to be sterilized; simple construction; simple measuring, control, regulating techniques; scale-up; flexibility; long term stability; compatibility with up- downstream processes; antifoaming measures.

1. PHOTOBIOREACTOR
ARCHANA GAUTAM
M.Sc. 3rd
Sem.
BBAU lucknow

2. Introduction
The function of the bioreactor is to provide a suitable environment in
which an organism can efficiently produce a target product—the target product
might be.
 Cell biomass
 Metabolite
 Bioconversion Product
The performance of any bioreactor depends on the following key factors:
Agitation rate
Oxygen transfer
pH
Temperature

3. Requirements Of Bioreactors
There is no universal bioreactor.
The general requirements of the bioreactor are as follows:
The design and construction of bioreactors must keep sterility from the start
point to end of the process.
Optimal mixing with low, uniform shear.
Adequate mass transfer, oxygen.
Clearly defined flow conditions.
Feeding substrate with prevention of under or overdosing.
Suspension of solids.
Gentle heat transfer.
Compliance with design requirements such as: ability to be sterilized; simple
construction; simple measuring, control, regulating techniques; scale-up;
flexibility; long term stability; compatibility with up- downstream processes;
antifoaming measures.

5. Photobioreactor
 A bioreactor is an installation for the production of
microorganisms outside their natural but inside an
artificial environment. The prefix “photo” particularly
describes the bio-reactor's property to cultivate
phototrophic microorganisms, or organisms which grow
on by utilizing light energy.
 These organisms use the process of photosynthesis to
build their own biomass from light and carbon dioxide.
Members of this group are Plants, Mosses, Microalgae,
Cyanobacteria and Purple Bacteria.
 Photobioreactor or PBR, is the controlled supply of
specific environmental conditions for respective species.
 Photobioreactor allows much higher growth rates and
purity levels than anywhere in natural or habitats similar
to nature.

6. Types Of Photobioreactor
1 Photobioreactor in general
1.1 Open system photobioreactor
1.2 closed system photobioreactor
2 Photobioreactor types(closed system photobioreactor)
2.1 Tubular photobioreactors
2.2 Plate photobioreactor
2.3 Christmas tree photobioreactor
2.5 Foil photobioreactor

7. Open System Photobioreactor
Open pond system

8. Closed System Photobioreactor
Tubular photobioreactors

9. Cont…
Christmas tree reactor Plastic plate photobioreactor

12. Compression OPS and CPS
Open Pond System
Closed Photobioreactor
System
Pond consist of closed loop
recirculation channel in which
mixing and circulation are
provided by paddle wheel.
Depth=0.2—0.5mm
Unwanted algal & microorganism
growth.
Limitation=Loss of water
due to evaporation
Provide a controlled
environment.
Biological &Physiological
control.
Contamination level is low or
less.
Limitation=High operating
cost.