This is a brief presentation on early civilizations. This is just an overview and should be used with supplemental materials for each individual civilization.
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Ancient civilizations
1. Ancie nt C ivilizations
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Mesopotamia
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Egypt
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China
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Greece
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Indus River Valley
2. Mesopotamia
6500 â 3100 B.C.E.
Karl Musser. Tigris - Euphrates Watershed. 2005. Map. WikipediaWeb. 28 Jun
2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia>.
3. Location
â Between Tigris and Euphrates River
â Present Day Iraq
â Known as the Fertile Crescent
Empires
â Sumerian
â Babylon
â Assyrian
4. ïŹ
Important contributions
â Wheeled Vehicles
â Astronomy
â Algebra
â Geometry
â First form of writing â cuneiform
â Hammurabi's Code â set of laws for society
5. Ancient Egypt
3200 â 500 B.C.E.
NASA Goddard. Egypt. 2011. Photograph. FlickrWeb. 28 Jun 2012.
<http://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc/5635018418/>
6. ïŹ
Location
â Nile River Valley
â Mediterranean Sea
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Society
â Pharaohs were divine rulers
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Depended on viziers to supervise
â Mummified bodies upon death
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Believed in afterlife
7. ïŹ
Contributions
â Tombs
â Pyramids
jay8085. Pyramids at Giza. 2005. Photograph. FlickrWeb. 29 Jun 2012. <http://
www.flickr.com/photos/89649959@N00/5275093636/>.
8. Ancient China
Shang Dynasty: 1600 B.C.E.
- Han Empire 220 C.E.
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Lamussa Design. Map of Shang Dynasty. 2009. Graphic. WikipediaWeb. 28
Jun 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_Dynasty>.
9. ïŹ
Location
â Present day China
â Dynasties shifted central location based on
who had power
â Tended to stay near rivers (Huang, Yangzi)
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Society
â Social Classes (nobles, peasants)
â Many nature gods and spirits were
worshipped
10. ïŹ
Contributions
Ritenour, Anita. Terra-Cotta Army. 2008. Photograph. FlickrWeb. 29 Jun 2012.
<http://www.flickr.com/photos/puliarfanita/3456327439/>.
Roantree, Dermot . Great Wall. 2004. Photograph. FlickrWeb. 29 Jun
2012. <http://www.flickr.com/photos/21814742@N00/13414746/>.
11. Ancient Greece
1750 â 133 B.C.E.
Megistias. The Archaic Period in Greece. 2007. Graphic. WikipediaWeb. 28 Jun
2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greece>.
12. ïŹ
Location
â North Mediterranean Sea
â Aegean Sea
â Balkan Peninsula
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Society
â Very skilled seamen
Government evolved
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Monarchy to aristocracy to oligarchy to
democracy
â Polytheists â Many different gods and goddesses
13. ïŹ
Contributions
â Literature
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Homer
â Democracy
â Science
â Philosophy
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Aristotle, Plato, Socrates
Cattiaux, Guillaume. Parthenon. 2008. Photograph. FlickrWeb. 29 Jun
2012. <http://www.flickr.com/photos/gcattiaux/2349772226/>.
14. Indus River Valley
3300 â 1300 B.C.E.
M M. Indus Civilization. 2005. Graphic. WikipediaWeb. 28 Jun 2012.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization>
15. ïŹ
Location
â Northwestern India and Pakistan
â Along fertile lands of Indus River Valley
Society
â Two main cities
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Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
â Major farmers
â Polytheists â worshiped nature gods
16. ïŹ
Contributions
â Uniform weights and measurements
â Accurate time records
â Dentistry
â Used swastika before it became a symbol of
hatred
â Cremation
17. Works Cited
Ellis, Elizabeth Gaynor, and Anthony Esler. World History: Connections to Today. 1st. Saddle
River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1999. 35-125. Print.
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Mesopotamia
"Mesopotamia." . British Museum. Web. 29 Jun 2012. <http://www.mesopotamia.co.uk/>.
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Egypt
Kinnear, Jacques. "Ancient Egypt Site." 30 Jun 2011. Web. 29 Jun 2012. <http://www.ancient-
egypt.org/>.
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China
Wikipedia contributors. "Shang Dynasty." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The
Free Encyclopedia, Web. 29 Jun 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_Dynasty>.
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Greece
"BBC: Primary History-Ancient Greece." . BBC, 2012. Web. 29 Jun 2012.
<http://www.ancient-egypt.org/>
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Indus River Valley
Wikipedia contributors. "Indus Valley Civilization." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.
Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 27 Jun 2012. Web. 28 Jun 2012.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization>.