Details related to the Vitamin C and Vitamin B1 to B6. The biochemistry of these water soluble vitamins are explained under all the necessary heading.
Useful for students of MBBS, BDS, BPT, Nursing, BSc, MSc etc
1. MNR MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL
Dr Anurag Yadav
MBBS, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Biochemistry
Instagram page –biochem365
Email: dranurag.y.m@gmail.com
2. Vitamins B and C
• Functions
• Effects of deficiency
• Sources
• Properties
• RDA
3. 3
VITAMINS
• “VITAMIN” means “vital for life”
• VITAMINS are *Micronutrients
which are necessary for everyday healthy
functioning of the body
* Nutrients
required in very
small amounts -
mg or µg
8. Un refined cereals , meat, nuts green vegetables ,
eggs
Poor sources- white bread and polished rice
oo
9.
10. Functions
• Essential for release of
energy by carbohydrate
metabolism.
• Necessary for appetite
and good health
• Needed for normal
functioning of nervous
system
In carbohydrate
metabolism
Oxidative decarboxylation
Transketolase reactions
17. It is a yellow compound
It contains isoalloxazine ring and ribitol ( sugar
alcohol)
It is sensitive to light and alkali but stable to heat and
acidic medium.
21. Active forms of riboflavin are FMN(converted in the
intestinal cells) and FAD.(converted in the liver and
stored in this form )
They act as prosthetic groups of several enzymes.
Catalyzes oxidation-reduction reactions.
Growth, repair, development of body tissues - healthy
skin, eyes and tongue
22. 1.3 - 1.7 mg per day
Increases in
pregnancy
lactation ,
wound
healing and
growth
25. • Deficiency of riboflavin- AVITAMINOSIS
• ITS NOT LIFE THREATENING
1. Any protein diet supplies sufficient riboflavin
2. Recycling of riboflavin from FMN and FAD is
very efficient
26. NIACIN [VITAMIN B3]
PANTOTHENIC ACID [B5]
and PYRIDOXINE [B6]
•Structure
•Absorption & transport
•Active form
•Sources
•RDA
•Functions
• Effects of deficiency
27. • The word niacin refers to two pyridine
derivatives.
• They are and
• Both are highly stable to heat and stable to
alkali and acid.
28. • Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are absorbed
in and reach various tissues
through circulation where they are converted
to and
30. • legumes, yeast, liver, and meat are
.
• Milk and egg - poor source of niacin but rich
source of .
• Vegetables and fruits - poor source of niacin.
• Limited quantities of niacin is obtained from
trptophan metabolism.
32. • Both NAD and NADP are
(a)citric acid cycle
(b) glycolysis
(a) synthesis of fatty acids and cholestrol
(c)pentose phosphate pathway
33.
34. • It is made of pantoic acid and beta alanine
• it is stable to heat but unstable to alkali or
acid.
35. • CO A- SH ingested via food is hydrolysed by
Intestinal phosphatases release pantothenic
acid from dietary sources.
• Free pantothenate or its salts are freely
and reach various
tissues through circulation.
36. • meat, liver, milk, whole cereals, legumes and
eggs are
• Vegetables and fruits are
39. • Coenzyme (CoA) participates in several
enzymatic reactions of carbohydrate, lipid and
amino acid .
• ACP is required for the synthesis of fatty acid
40. • It is
• In pantothenate
deficiency produce burning sensation
,headache , dizziness and GIT malfunction
41. • Three compounds derived from pyridine show
vitamin B6 activity.
Pyridoxine
Pyridoxal
Pyridoxamine
43. • Pyridoxine is present in food as PLP
and reaches various tissues through
circulation.
• In the tissues pyridoxine is converted to
and .
• PYRIDOXAL is transported in blood bound to
albumin
44. • whole grains, legumes, liver and yeast are
.
• Leafy vegetables, milk, meat and eggs are
46. 1. Pyridoxal phosphate is the prosthetic group
of
2. Pyridoxal phosphate is co-enzyme of
3. Involved in the production of
4. Involved in the production of from
glycogen
47. , skin lesions
depression and mental disturbances are observed
in experimentally induced vitamin B6 deficiency in
humans.
• In (seizures).
53. BIOTIN
Function
Biotin is a coenzyme of carboxylase reactions
4 enzymes in the body require biotin
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54. Biotin deficiency
because it is
present in most of the common foods.
Prolonged use of antibacterial drugs
However experimentally induced biotin deficiency,
symptoms in man are dermatitis, alopecia,
depression, muscular pain and anemia.
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55. • Biotin Antagonists:
– Avidin, a protein present in egg white has great
affinity for the biotin.
– Hence raw intake of egg may cause biotin
deficiency.
– Originally named as anti-egg-white-injury-factor.
