contain the brief knowledge about cellular communication System Like 1g,2g,3g,4g

1. Industrial Training In
Telecom Networks
From: Telcoma Technologies Pvt.
Limited, Mohali
Presented By :
Mohd Danish
1202831055
ECE 4th Year

2. Industry Profile :-
• Telcoma Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is a provider
of Telecommunication based solutions, including Network
Solutions, System Integration services, Corporate Solutions.
• It also Provide Training Services for Students and Network
Professionals
• Currently Telcoma Is Working With Reliance Jio For establishing
Its 4th Gen Network In India
• Telcoma Technologies are spread in many countries including
Ghana, Madagascar, NIGERIA, ZIMBABWE, CAMEROON, &
India.

3. Modules We Have Covered in The Training :-
• Introduction to Telecommunication System
• 1St Generation
• 2nd Generation
• CDMA Mobiles
• 3rd Generation
• 4th Generation
• Drive Testing
• Project On Network Planning

5. Cellular Network Generations

8. The First Generation
• Based On TDMA
• Fixed No. Of Time slots
• Fixed No Of User
• Analog System
• Poor Communication Quality
• No Data Services
• Not so popular

9. TDMA Systems

11. 2nd Generations Cellular System
• 1st System to use Digital Modulation
• Support Voice and circuit Switch Data
• Wireless Medium
• Based on GPRS and EDGE technology
• Undergoes a no of Evolution For Better data speed
• Can’t use Voice and Data At the same Time
• Based On FDMA system

12. FDMA

13. 2G Architecture

14. Network Tower
• Used To Provide Coverage
• Basically divided in 3 sectors Sometime in 4 For highly populated
Areas
• Have Dipole Antennas for BTS to Mobile Station Connectivity
• Have Microwave Antenna for BTS to BTS connectivity
• All 3 Dipole antennas are fed with Different frequencies
• Dipole antennas are connected to BTS where Dual Radio Card Are
Presents

15. Main Component Of Antenna Site
• BTS
• Microwave Rack
• Power Backup
• Generators
• AC
• Dipole Antennas
• Microwave Antennas
• Physical Structure

16. Main Component Of Antenna Site

17. Main Component Of Antenna Site

18. GSM Channels

19. Channel Names
• BCCH – Broadcast Control Channel
• FCCH – Frequency Control Channel
• SCH – Synchronization Channel
• RACH – Random Access Channel
• AGCH – Access Grant Channel
• PCH – Paging Channel
• SDCCH- Standalone Dedicated Control channel
• SACCH- Slow associated Control Channel
• FACCH- Fast Associated Control Channel

21. CDMA

22. CDMA
• Based On Frequency as well as time division at a same time
• Various Codes are formed Due to no of combination of Frequency
and Time slot
• Used Where Security Is the Biggest Priority
• Uses the principle of spread spectrum communication
• Uses Walse Code Technique To generate unique Codes
• Use Pseudorandom Generator for spread Spectrum
• Provide Voice And Data Services
• Use of Frequency Hopping Technique

24. 3rd Generation
• Based On WCDMA
• Can Use Voice and Data Simultaneously
• Developed for increasing the Data rates
• Speed limit Up to 21 Mbps
• Increased bandwidth
• Increased no of users Capability
• Enable Features like Video Calling, video streaming

27. 4th Generation
• Based On OFDMA
• Based Of IP Calling
• Provide Speed up to 100 Mbps
• Design of Data Services
• Ultra Broadband bandwidth of 100 MHz
• Frequency used - 2 to 8 GHz
• Cost Effective Due to no wastage of Frequency

28. OFDMA

30. Drive Testing
• This is one of the most common method to check the performance
of our communication System
• In this we just connect and mobile to the system and monitor the
network parameter
• This will help us to improve our network and to find out critical
issues in the system
• It will monitor each and every aspects of network like handover,
call quality, network quality, signal strength etc.

31. Drive Testing

34. Project Objective
•To plan network in a particular
area for a new company
collecting all the required data
necessary for the network
planning

35. Key Points To Remember while Establishing a Network
• Population Density
• Locality Type (Rural/Urban)
• Average Height Of Building and Trees
• Average Height of Population
• Frequency Reuse Concept
• Frequency Planning
• Site affective Height
• Voice and Data Usage Probability

36. Raw Data To Plan A Network
S.No. SITE ID LATITTUDE LONGITUDE VEHICAL LOSS BODY LOSS FOLLIGE LOSS
1 TELCH001 30.739517 76.775266HIGH HIGH MEDIUM
2 TELCH002 30.738097 76.778184MEDIUM HIGH LOW
3 TELCH003 30.735791 76.778635MEDIUM HIGH LOW
4 TELCH004 30.735256 76.780394HIGH HIGH LOW
5 TELCH005 30.737599 76.78151LOW MEDIUM LOW
6 TELCH006 30.737341 76.78372HIGH HIGH LOW
7 TELCH007 30.739462 76.783055LOW HIGH LOW
8 TELCH008 30.739462 76.786725LOW HIGH MEDIUM
9 TELCH009 30.74066 76.787647HIGH HIGH MEDIUM
10TELCH010 30.740863 76.777562HIGH MEDIUM HIGH
11TELCH011 30.740384 76.778807LOW HIGH HIGH
12TELCH012 30.740347 76.782369LOW HIGH MEDIUM
13TELCH013 30.740457 76.783055MEDIUM HIGH LOW
14TELCH014 30.741638 76.777562HIGH HIGH LOW
15TELCH015 30.742468 76.781639MEDIUM LOW HIGH
16TELCH016 30.743408 76.781103MEDIUM HIGH LOW
17TELCH017 30.743962 76.782991HIGH HIGH MEDIUM
18TELCH018 30.742984 76.785072LOW HIGH HIGH
19TELCH019 30.742671 76.78754MEDIUM HIGH LOW
20TELCH020 30.744865 76.785823MEDIUM HIGH MEDIUM