6. VERB :-
Indefinite or SimpleIndefinite or Simple
Continuous or ProgressiveContinuous or Progressive
Perfect or CompletePerfect or Complete
Perfect ContinuousPerfect Continuous
8. There are twelve possible verb tenses.
Verb Tenses
Present Past Future
Present Indefinite
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Cont.
Past Indefinite
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Cont.
Future Indefinite
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Cont.
CONTENTS
10. Present Indefinite Tense
: TENSE ,
, , | tense
|
: | |
1.1. AFFERMATIVEAFFERMATIVE SENTENCE (SENTENCE ( ))
: SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT
+ +
1: () (HE,SHE,IT,NAME) FIRST FORM S ES |
2: (I,WE,YOU,THEY) FIRST FORM S ES |
11. : -: -
EXAMPLE :EXAMPLE :
||
I PALY CRICKET.I PALY CRICKET.
||
SHE GOES TO SCHOOL DAILY.SHE GOES TO SCHOOL DAILY.
||
WE READ DAILY.WE READ DAILY.
SUBJECTSUBJECT MAIN VERBMAIN VERB
(HE,SHE,IT,NAME)(HE,SHE,IT,NAME) V Ist + s/esV Ist + s/es
(I,WE,YOU,THEY)(I,WE,YOU,THEY) V IstV Ist
12. EXAMPLE
||
YOU RUN FAST.YOU RUN FAST.
||
THEYTHEY WEEP.WEEP.
||
SAVITA KOOKS FOODSAVITA KOOKS FOOD
||
THIS BOY MAKES A TABLE.THIS BOY MAKES A TABLE.
||
SHE TAKES TEA.SHE TAKES TEA.
13. 1.1. NEGATIVENEGATIVE SENTENCE (SENTENCE ( ))
: 1.
SUBJECT + DOESNOT + V1st form + OBJECT + .
|
RAHUL DOES NOT SELL BNAANA.
: 2.
SUBJECT + DO NOT +V1st form + OBJECT + TIME .
| YOU DONOT TAKE LUCH.
| GIRLS DONOT PLAY IN THE SUN.
| SHE DOESNOT BUY CLOTHS.
I DO NOT TAKE FOOD EVERYDAY.
SEETA DOES NOT SING A SONG. |
I DO NOT PLAY CRICKET.
| SHE DOESNOT TAKE BATH EVERY DAY.
14. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE (INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE ( ))
:: 1.1.
DOES + SUBJECT + VDOES + SUBJECT + V1st form1st form + OBJECT+ OBJECT ++ TIMETIME + ?+ ?
:: 2.2.
DO + SUBJECTDO + SUBJECT + V+ V1st form1st form + OBJECT+ OBJECT + TIME ++ TIME + ??
? DOES HE RUN FAST ?
?DO THEY BRING VEGITABLE?
? DOES SHE BUY CLOTHS ?
?DO I TAKE FOOD EVERYDAY ?
?DOES SEETA SING A SONG?
? DOES I PLAY CRICKET
15. INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE SENTENCEINTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE SENTENCE
: 1.
DOES + SUBJECT + NOT + V1st form + OBJECT + TIME + ?
?
DOES NOT READ AT HOME ?
?
DOES SHE NOT PREPARE FOOT FOOT AT HOME ?
: 2.
DO + SUBJECT + NOT + V1st form + OBJECT + TIME + ?
?
DO WE NOT READ ENGLISH ?
?
DO I NOT TEACH YOU GOOD ?
16. Present ContiniousTense
: TENSE , , ,
, , tense
:
:
: HE ,SHE IT , NAME + IS+V1st + ing+ object.
: I, we, you,. They + are + V1ST+ ING +OBJECT.
: | | |
1.1. AFFERMATIVEAFFERMATIVE SENTENCE (SENTENCE ( ))
1 : I Am ,
He / She / It / Ram Is
Are .
2: SUBJECT + is/am/are + VERB 1st
+ ing + OBJECT
+ + +ing + .
17. AFFERMATIVE SENTANCEAFFERMATIVE SENTANCE
PersonPerson SingularSingular PluralPlural
First Person
I am reading.I am reading.
..
We are reading.We are reading.
..
Second Person
You are reading.You are reading.
..
You are reading.You are reading.
..
Third Person
He / She / It / Ram isHe / She / It / Ram is
reading.reading.
// ..
They / The boysThey / The boys
are reading.are reading.
// ..
18. Negative Sentences
Subject + am / is / are + not + V¹ + ing + obj
1. . I am not going.
2. . You are not running.
3. . He is not reading.
4. . My brother is not playing.
5. . His sisters are not laughing.
6. . The cows are not grazing grass.
7. .
The children are not making a
noise.
8.
.
Shyam and Kamal are not eating
food.
19. INTEROGATIVE Sentences
Am / Is / Are + Subject + V¹ + ing + obj ?
1. ? Am I going ?
2. ? Are you running ?
3. ? Is he reading ?
4. ? Is my brother playing ?
20. INTEROGATIVE negative Sentences
Am / Is / Are + Subject + not + V¹ + ing + obj ?
1.
?
Are his sisters not laughing ?
2. ? Are the cows not grazing grass ?
3.
?
Are the children not making a noise
?
4.
?
Are Shyam and Kamal not eating
food
21. :: ,, ,,
,, ,, ||
Present Perfect Tense
::
1. He / She / It / Ram Has
3rd
2. I / We / You / They Have
3rd
Present perfect TensePresent perfect Tense
22. Subject + have / has + V³Subject + have / has + V³
PersonPerson SingularSingular PluralPlural
First
Person
I have read.
.
We have read.
.
Second
Person
You have read.
.
You have read.
.
Third
Person
He / She / It / Ram has
read.
/ .
They / The boys have read.
/ .
23. 1. . I have eaten.
2. . You have read.
3. . He has slept.
4. . My brother has played.
5. . His friends have come
6. . Shyam and Kamal have gone
24. Negative Sentences
Subject + have / has + not + V³ + obj .
. I have not eaten.
2. . You have not read.
3. . He has not slept.
4. . My brother has not played.
5. . His friends have not come.
6. . Krishna has not seen the Taj Mahal.
7. . The boys have not broken the chair.
8. . Shyam and Kamal have not gone.
25. Interogative SentencesInterogative Sentences
Have / Has + Subject + V³ + obj + ?
1.
? Have I eaten ?
2. ? Have you read ?
3. ? Has he slept ?
4. ? Has my brother played ?
5. ? Have his friends come ?
26. InterogativeInterogative negativenegative SentencesSentences
Have / Has + Subject + V³ + not + obj + ?
1.
?
Has Krishna not seen the Taj
Mahal ?
?
Have the boys not broken the
chair ?
?
Have Shyam and Kamal not gone
?
? Has my brother not played ?
? Have his friends not come ?
28. Subject + Has/Have + been + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object
+ For/Since + Time + .
''has been / have been‘has been / have been‘
''Ing'Ing'
''SinceSince For'For' ''Since'Since' ''For'For'
Use of 'For' and 'Since'
"For" is applied before uncertain
time:-
"Since" is applied before certain
time:-
Five hours, two hours, an hourFive hours, two hours, an hour 3 O'clock, 10 O'clock, 5 PM, 4 AM.
few days, four days, seven daysfew days, four days, seven days Monday, Saturday, Sunday
two months, eight monthstwo months, eight months March, June, December
One year, ten yearsOne year, ten years 2011, 2012, 2013
for a long timefor a long time Since long.
Yesterday, tomorrow, day after
tomorrow
Morning, Evening, Night, Noon,
Afternoon.
Birth, beginning, then, when
29. AFFERMATIVE SENTENCEAFFERMATIVE SENTENCE
He / She / It / Ram Has been
Have been .
.
He has been living here for five
years.
.
We have been walking since
morning.
.
You have been reading in this college
for two years.
.
The boys have been making a noise
for three hours.
.
Amit has been learning English since
Friday last.
30. He has been walking in open air for oneHe has been walking in open air for one
Hour. (Uses “For” Non specific TimeHour. (Uses “For” Non specific Time
They Have been reading a Book for wholeThey Have been reading a Book for whole
nightnight
He has been writing letter to me for 2He has been writing letter to me for 2
years.years.
31. NEGATIVE SENTENCENEGATIVE SENTENCE
Sub + Has/Have + Not+Been + verb(Ing) + Object +For/Since+Time.
He has not been living here for five
years.
.
We have not been walking since
morning.
.
You have not been reading in this
college for two years.
.
The boys have not been making a
noise for three hours.
.
Amit has not been learning English
since Friday last.
33. Examples
1.1. quesitonsquesitons
??
Have they been reaching in field since morning?Have they been reaching in field since morning?
. quesitons
Why you have been reading since morning?Why you have been reading since morning?
Where has been your ram been going for ten days?Where has been your ram been going for ten days?
