Non-renewable energy resources are highly exploited which has led to environmental degradation. In order to save our ‘Earth planet’, the solar, wind & hydro renewable energy resources are freely & abundantly available which are eco-friendly and cost- effective . Hence, it can be extensively utilized.

1. ELECTRICAL POWER
GENERATION BY HYBRID
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE
(SOLAR, WIND & HYDRO)
BY: AMOGHA.A.K.
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2. • Introduction
• Problem Statement
• Need For Hybrid Renewable Energy
• Block Diagram
• Features of Hybrid Renewable Energy
• What is Hybrid Renewable Energy ?
• Construction & Working
• Design Criteria
• Cost Estimation
• Applications
• Advantages
• Limitations
• Future Scope
• Conclusion
• References
Contents
Wind Mill
Sun
Water

3.  Non-renewable energy resources are highly
exploited which has led to environmental
degradation.
 In order to save our ‘Earth planet’, the solar,
wind & hydro renewable energy resources are
freely & abundantly available which are eco-
friendly and cost- effective . Hence, it can be
extensively utilized.
Introduction

4. The growth demand for energy due to
industrialization.
Depletion of fossil-fuels.
Degradation of environment.
Non-accessibility of power supply lines at
remote places.
Usage of hybrid renewable energy eliminates
the above factors.
Problem Statement

5. Need For Hybrid Renewable Energy
•To have uninterrupted power supply.
•Due to increase in power demand.
•Eco-friendly.

6. Block Diagram of Hybrid Renewable
System(Solar, Wind & Hydro)
Solar
System
Wind
system
Hydro
System
Primary Load
Inverter
D
C
B
U
S
B
A
R
A
C
B
U
S
B
A
R
Charge
Controller
Rectifier Storage
Battery
Charge
Controller
DC - DC
AC-DC-AC

7.  Solar energy is converted
into electrical energy.
 Average Solar Radiation is
5.08 kWh/sq-m.
 No negative impact.
 Free of cost.
 Free from pollution.
Features of Hybrid Renewable Solar
Energy

8.  It converts Wind Energy into
Electrical energy.
 Wind Power , Pw = ½ Aρv³
Where,
A= Capture Area in sq-m.
v = Wind Speed in m/s
ρ = Air Density, (1.225 Kg/m³).
 Average Annual Wind Speed is
5 m/s.
Features of Hybrid Renewable Wind
Energy
Wind Turbine

9.  It Converts Hydro-energy into
electrical energy.
 Natural Resource freely available.
 Hydro Power,
P = ρ q g h
where,
 P = power available (W)
 ρ = density (kg/m3) (~ 1000 kg/m3 for
water)
 q = water flow (m3/s)
 g = acceleration of gravity (9.81 m/s2)
 h = falling height, head (m)
Features of Hybrid Renewable Hydro-
Energy

10.  It involves more than one renewable energy source.
 This provides continuous supply as it is hybrid
system .
 Alternate systems can work in case of any
breakdown.
 Easy to operate & maintain.
 No recurring charges for fuel costs as it is based on
natural resources.
What is Hybrid Renewable Energy
System ?

11.  Solar panel:
• It consists of PV cells which generate
electricity.
 Charge controller:
• It charges the battery & protects
from over charging.
• DC to DC converter is provided to
boost the array voltage.
 Battery:
• It stores the electrical energy .
Construction & Working of Solar
Hybrid Renewable Energy System
Solar Panel
Charge
Controller
DC Bus Bar
Storage
Battery
DC – DC
Converter
AC
Load
Inverter
AC Bus Bar

12. Construction & Working of Wind
Hybrid Renewable Energy System
 Wind Turbine
• It converts wind’s kinetic energy into
mechanical energy . Later, this mechanical
energy is converted into electrical energy in
generator through gear mechanism.
 Charge Controller
• It charges the battery & protects from over
charging.
 Converter
• AC to DC to AC converter is provided to
condition and to adjust the voltage to Grid
voltage .
 Battery: It stores the electrical energy .
Wind Turbine
Charge
Controller
AC Bus Bar
Storage
Battery
AC-DC –AC
Converter
A
C
L
o
a
d
Rectifier
DC Bus Bar

13. Construction & Working of Hydro
Hybrid Renewable Energy System
 It consists of a Over head Water tank
connected to Hydro turbine which is
coupled to Generator.
 When water falls on Hydro turbine,
the kinetic energy of water is
converted into mechanical energy, this
mechanical energy is converted into
electrical energy in generator.
 A Rectifier is provided to convert the
AC to DC voltage.
Water Tank
Hydro Turbine Generator
DC Bus Bar
Storage
Battery
Rectifier A
C
L
O
A
D
AC Bus Bar

14. Design Criteria & Rating Of Solar
System For 1000 W Load
 Load Estimated :1000W
 Duration of operation:12 hr
 Then Total Watts Required:1000x12 = 12,000
W-hr
 Duration of Solar Panel Exposed to Sun:8 hr
 Therefore Solar Panel Wattage 12,000W/ 8
hr = 1500W
 Now, Number of Solar Panels required, if
150 W are to be used.
 Number of Solar Panels:1500W/150W=10No.
Ratings
Solar
Panel
150
W
Input
Voltage
12V
Output
Freque
ncy
50/6
0Hz
Output
Current
10A

15.  For Design of 1000W charge controller for
Solar & wind system.
 Supply: P = V I
Where,
 I is the expected Charging Current.
 V is the Voltage of Battery = 12 V
 P is the Power Supply Rating = 1,000 W.
 Hence I = P/V = 1000 W/12 V = 83.3 A.
 Since 83.3 A Charge Controllers are not
readily available in market . Hence 100 A
Charge Controller will be used.
Design Criteria of Charge Controller
for 1000 W Load
Ratings
Max.
Curre
nt
100A
Rated
Voltag
e
12V

16.  Total Load P = 1000 W
 Duration of Operation = 12 hr
 Watt Hour Capacity = 1000 W x 12 hr = 12000W- hr.
 To improve the life of battery , it is assumed that it
retains only quarter (¼) capacity,
i.e. 12,000/ ¼ = 48,000 W hr.
 The choice of Battery depends on AH rating.
 If we use 1500 AH rating with 12 V.
 Then, 48,000 W hr
1,500 AH
i.e. We Require 32 Number of Batteries for 1000W .
Design Criteria of Storage Battery for
1000W Load
Ratings
Volta
ge
12V
Amp
ere-
Hour
1500
AH
Type Lead

17.  Total load is 1000 W
 The main component i.e. solar
panel is 1500W , it is safe &
advisable to use the higher wattage .
 Hence ,1500 W is recommended in
order to prolong the life of Inverter.
Design Criteria of Inverter For 1000W
Load
Ratings
Output
Power
1500W
Input
Voltage
12V
Output
Frequen
cy
50/60Hz
Output
Current
10A

18. Design Criteria & Rating of Wind
Turbine for 1000 W Load
 Total Load :1000W
 Duration of operation:12 hr
 Then Total Watt- hour
Required:1000x12=12,000 W-hr
 Duration of Wind Turbine in
Operation:12 hr
 Therefore ,Wind Turbine Wattage 12000
W/ 12 hr =1000 W
 If 1kW Wind Turbines are to be used.
 Number of Wind Turbine
Required:1kW/1kW = 1No.
Ratings
Rated
Power 1 KW
Rotor
Diameter
2.8 m
Blade
Number
3 pieces
Cut-in
Speed
3 m/s
Working
Wind
Speed
3-20 m/s
Rated Wind
Speed
9 m/s
Tower
Height
6 m

19. Design Criteria & Ratings of Hydro
Turbine for 1000 W Load
 Total Load : 1000W
 Duration of operation: 12 hr
 Then Total Watts Required:
 1000W x 12hr = 12000W-hr
 Duration of Hydro Turbine in Operation:12 hr
 Therefore Hydro Turbine Wattage 12000 W/
12 hr = 1000 W
 If 1 kW Hydro- Turbine is used.
 Then Number of Hydro- Turbine Required:
1kW/1kW = 1 No.
Ratings
Tank
Capacity
1000
liters
Water
Head
3 m
Water
Flow
0.03-0.
04
Output
Power
1 kW
Blade
Diameter
15 cm
𝑚3
/𝑠

20.  Estimated cost for Solar system Rs. 39,000/-
 Estimated cost for Wind system Rs . 13,000/-
 Estimated cost for Hydro system
excluding over head tank. Rs. 7,500/-
 Other accessories Rs. 94,500/-
 Total Expenditure Rs. 1,54,000/-
 Total monthly bill of average 200 units of one house, for 9
years.
 i.e. 200 x 7.30 x 12 x 9 = Rs.1,57,680 /-
 The cost incurred for Hybrid project can be recovered in 9
Cost Estimation for a Load of 1000W

21.  Well suited for remote locations.
 For additional requirement of Power demand.
 It can be provided as a stand by facility.
 It is well suited for places where continuous
supply is required.
Applications

22. Advantages of Solar System
 Continuous Power Supply.
 It can be set up at any remote location.
 Pollution Free.
 Freely available.

23. Advantages of Wind System
 It can be harnessed during Day & Night.
 Abundantly available everywhere.
 It can be set up anywhere with sufficient
wind speed.

24. Advantages of Hydro System
 Existing Overhead water tanks can be
utilized for Electric generation.
 No Environment degradation.
 Naturally available resource.

25. Sun energy is harnessed during day
time only.
Clouds reduce the sun energy
accumulation.
It requires regular cleaning of solar
panels .
Limitations of Solar System

26. Wind towers are susceptible during
hurricane & storm.
It has moving parts which requires
maintenance.
It requires skilled staff.
Limitations of Wind System

27. Availability of water is limited
during summer season.
It requires skilled staff for
monitoring turbine genarator.
Limitations of Hydro System

28. Graph: Variations of Energy Sources
Based - on Season
Solar
Wind
Hydro

29. Future Scope
 The geographical location of India has
enormous potential for harnessing solar, wind
& hydro energies .
 More research is required to improve PV cells
efficiency for the solar energy.

30. Conclusion
Many villages can be lighted which are
at remote places.
It contributes for increase in demand of
electricity .

31. References
 www.solarserver.com
 www.windpower.org
 http//:www.scientific.net
 International Conference on System Science and Engineering
(ICSSE),Design a Hybrid Energy System for Household using
Small Vertical Wind Turbine,2017
 International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering
and Technology ISO 3297:2007 Certified Vol. 3, Issue 8, August
2016

32. THANK YOU ALL & HAVE
A NICE DAY