about energy resources..

1. Minerals and Energy Resources
Prepared By : Prachi Surpaithankar Class X ‘B

2. CLASSIFICATION OF MINERALS

MINERALS
Metallic
o Ferrous
o Non Ferrous
o Precious
Non Metallic
e.g. Mica, limestone
Salt, Potash,marble, S
ulphur,granite,
Sandstone,etc.
Energy Minerals
Coal
Petroleum
Natural Gas

3. Metallic Minerals
We get metal from these minerals. Ores of
iron ,copper , gold, silver, lead, aluminum
, tin etc. are important examples of metallic
minerals.

4. Non Metallic Minerals
 These are those minerals which do not contain
metals.
 Coal , petroleum , mica, manganese etc. are some
important non metallic minerals .
 Coal & Minerals oil are also called energy minerals.

5. MICA

6. MICA & It’s Properties
 MICA is Non metallic mineral . India is the largest
producer of MICA . It produce more than 60% of
world’s mica.
 It is made up of series of plates or leaves
 It can be converted into thin sheet
 It can be black, green, red , yellow or brown

7. Production of Mica
 MICA deposits are found in northern edge of the
chhottanagpur plateau .
 Koderma Gaya- Hazaribagh belt of Jharkhand is the
leading producer.
 In Rajasthan the major mica producing area is around
Ajmer.
 Nellore mica belt of Andhra Pradesh is also an
important producer in the country.

8. Rock Minerals - Limestone
 Lime stone is associated with rocks composed of
either calcium carbonate or magnesium, or mixture of
these two. It is found in sedimentary rocks.
 Lime stone used for a variety of purpose , It is basic
input in Chemical ,Iron & Still industry

9. Production of Limestone
:

10. Conservation of Minerals
 Minerals are considered backbone of an economy .
 Most of the minerals are non renewable .so there is an
urgent need to conserve them .
Measures to conserve the minerals :
1.The minerals should be used in planned way .
2. Wastage of minerals should be minimised.
3.Modern technology should be used for exploitation.
4.Export of minerals should be minimised.
5.We should encourage recycling of metals.

11. Energy Resources
The resources which are used for generating
energy are known as energy resources.
Coal , petroleum ,uranium etc. some of the
important energy resources.
Energy resources can be classified as conventional
& Non conventional resources.

12. Conventional Sources of
energy
Non Conventional sources
of energy
These are non renewable
sources of energy e.g. Coal &
Petroleum
These are renewable sources
of energy e.g. Solar & wind
energy
These are going to last just for These are going to last just
100-200 years
forever
These cause air & water
pollution
These do not cause any
pollution

14. What is coal ??
 Cole is an inflammable organic substance, composed
mainly of hydrocarbons found in the form of sedimentary
rocks & capable of being used as a fuel to supply heat &
light.
 About 67 % of the country ‘s requirement of power is met
through coal.
 It is main source of power generation in India.
 Due to it’s high utility & source of energy it is often called
“ BLACK GOLD”

15. Varieties of Coal
1.Anthracite Coal:
Best quality of coal contains over 80% carbon
Very hard & compact
Has highest heating value
Burn without smoke or soot
Found only in Jammu & Kashmir

16. Varieties of Coal
2.Bituminous Coal
 Most widely used coal Contains 60%-80 % carbon
It is dense , compact & brittle
It’s calorific value is very high
 High proportion of carbon & low moisture content
Found in Jharkhand, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal &
MP

17. Varieties of Coal
3.Lignite Coal
Known as brown coal contain 60 % carbon
Lower grade coal which is soft with high moisture
Color varies from dark to black brown
Found in Palna of Rajasthan,Neveli of Tamilnadu,
Lakhimpur of Assam & some part of Jammu & Kashmir

18. Varieties of Coal
4.Peat Coal
This is a first stage of transformation of wood into coal
Contain 50 % to 60 % carbon
It burns like wood, gives less heat, emits more smoke
& leaves a lot of ash after burning

19. Classification of Coal fields in India
The coal fields of India can be classified
into two groups:
1.Gondwana coal fields
2.Tertiary coal fields

20. Gondwana coal field :
 99 % of the production of coal in India
 Of the 113 major coalfields found all over India
 80 are located in the rock systems of the lower
Gondwana age
 The Gondwana coal is said to be about 200 million years
old
 It includes coking & non coking coal
 Areas- Damodar valley , Bokaro, Mahanadi ( MP
, Orissa), part of Bihar, Wardha , Godavari ( Maharastra)

21. Tertiary Coal Fields :
 The tertiary rock system bears coal of younger age
which are only 55 million years old
 The Coal generally has low carbon & high %of
moisture & sulphur .
 Important areas- parts of Assam, Meghalaya
, Arunachal Pradesh , Nagaland , Himalayan foot hills.

23. Friends,
“COAL mining ruins the
environment the burning is coal is not
environmental friendly ”
Please use renewable sources of power
like Solar ,wind & tidal energy
“Save power”
Thank You ………..