4. Islamic Empire Timeline
Muhammad begins Islamic Rule (622 – 632)
Islam Expands under the First 4 Caliphs
(632-661)
Sunni and Shia Split
Umayyad Caliphate (Empire) (661-750)
Abbasid Caliphate (Empire) (750-1258)
Mongols defeat Abbasids (1258)
5. Foundations
Islam began in the Arabian Peninsula
within Arab Bedouin culture.
This culture was pastoral and
organized in tribes…
6.
7.
8. Foundations
Muhammad was a merchant who experienced a
revelation of God (Allah) that would begin a
new religion – with connections to Judaism
and Christianity.
9. Texts
The Quran (Koran) contains the
revelations given to Muhammad.
The Hadith are the teachings and actions
of Muhammad.
10. Spread
After Muhammad gained followers and won
a civil war against other clan leaders, more
groups joined him.
Military success, the weakness of
surrounding Empires, and elements of
Islamic belief allowed Muslims to expand
their control.
The next centuries saw rapid expansion of
the Islamic empire.
11.
12. CHANGE
Soon after Muhammad’s
death, two groups developed
as a result of conflicting ideas
about leadership.
Sunni and Shi’a branches of
Islam continued to split into
smaller groups.
13.
14. Spread
As it spread, Arabic language and culture
spread and mixed with other cultures.
15. Spread & CHANGE
As Islam spread into other regions it
influenced cultures.
New cultures also influenced elements of
Islam.
17. Islam compared to
Christianity
Both monotheistic … “perfections”
Both founders did NOT write the texts
Both teachings initially appealed to lower
classes and women
Both belief systems emphasized social
justice
18. Islam compared to
Christianity
Unlike Christianity, Islam began and
continued as both a religion and a
political structure. (Caliph / Sharia)
Unlike Christianity, Islam does not
emphasize religious authorities like
priests, popes, bishops
19. Connections with Judaism
and Christianity
Islam retained elements of Judaism and
Christianity.
Abraham
Jesus (as a prophet)
The Torah and Quran have similar narratives
20. ESSAY Prompts
Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in the social structure of
Islamic Civilization as it spread from
600 ce to 1500 ce.
21. ESSAY Prompts
Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in the political structure of
Islamic Civilization as it spread from
600 ce to 1500 ce.
22. ESSAY Prompt
Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in the culture of Islamic
Civilization as it spread from 600 ce to
1500 ce.
23. ESSAY Prompts
Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in the commerce and trade of
Islamic Civilization as it spread from
600 ce to 1500 ce.
24. ESSAY Prompts
Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in Islamic Civilization as it
spread from 600 ce to 1500 ce.
Analyze the similarities and differences
in TWO of the following societies as
they were impacted by Islam from 600
to 1500 ce.
India
Anatolia
West Africa
Spain