This document summarizes a summit between South Africa and Italy on using education to drive sustainable economic and technological development. Key points discussed include: - National priorities of creating wealth, bridging the innovation gap, developing human resources, and stimulating the economy through science and technology. - The importance of research and development spending and knowledge production for the knowledge economy. - Elements of the "Triple Helix Model" of university-industry-government partnerships and its extension to full community participation. - The National Development Plan 2030's proposals to improve universities, increase enrollment, graduation rates, and research capacity through 2030.

1. SOUTH AFRICA–ITALY SUMMIT
Education as a Key Driver for Sustainable
Economic and Technological Development
Frikkie van Niekerk
North-West University
2 – 3 October 2014
Cape Town
It all starts here

3. Economic
and Scientific
Wealth
D A King, Nature 430
(2004) 311 (15 July 2004)
National Priorities - Create wealth and prosperity
- Bridge the innovation chasm
- Develop Human Resources
- Stimulate the economy through science and technology

5. World of R&D 2011
Size of circle: relative amount of annual
R&D spending per country

11. Knowledge Production
The knowledge economy
Figure 1 Techno-Economic Trends, Past and Future (DVC (Research) Forum, 2011, Botha, (2011)

12. TheTriple Helix Model:
Extended to Full Community Participation
Community University Business Government: Central, Provincial,
Triple Bottom Line
Approach to Achieve
Sustainability:
Finance,
People,
Environment
King – III (IV)

13. V a l u e A d d i t i o n
Basic Research Applied
Research
Pre-
Commercial
Incubation
Demonstration Niche Market Full Scale
Commer-
cialisation
Users /
Beneficiaries
Universities
Comprehensive Univ.
Universities of Tech.
Tech Transfer Offices
Technology Stations
DST / NRF
CoE’s
DST CoC’s /
TIA Platforms
dti CoE’s
R&D, Early / Full Commercialisation Services
Products
Processes
Prototypes
Pilot Plants
Techno-economic
Evaluiations
Knowledge Production: The RSA landscape
DST the dti
NRF
Science Councils
R&D and commercialisaion
Education
TIA Innovation Fund
Jobs User
Triple/Quadruple
Helix
Elements
Private S
Society
Public
Sector
Industry R&D (eg ESKOM / SASOL)
HEI’s and
Public
Sector
Instruments
at HEI’s
Knowledge
Production
Elements

16. The NDP 2030
Proposals for universities
• Improve the qualifications of HE academic staff (current 34 % to over 75 %
by 2030)
• Improve the quality of teaching and learning.
• Increase the participation rate at universities by at least 70 % by 2030.
Enrolments to increase about 1.62 million from 950 000 in 2010.
• Increase the throughput rate for degree programmes to more than 75 %.
(Number of graduates to increase from the combined total of 167 469 for
private and public higher education institutions to 425 000 by 2030.)
• Increase the number of Masters and PhD students, by supporting
partnerships for research. By 2030 over 25 % of HE enrolments to be at PG
level. International exchange partnerships to be pursued and encouraged.

17. The NDP 2030
Proposals for universities (continued)
• Produce > 100 doctoral graduates / million / year by 2030. (Currently 28;
SA needs more than 5 000 doctoral graduates per year; 1420 in 2010).
Concentrate on SET.
• Double the number of graduate and PG scientists and increase the number
of African and women PG, especially PhDs; improve research and
innovation capacity; university staff more representative.
• Expand university infrastructure. University enrolments have almost
doubled since 1994…
• Extra support to underprepared learners to help them cope with the
demands of higher education.
• Expand the use of distance education. The advances in ICT can help
overcome the infrastructure limits to further expansion of higher education.

18. Universities in RSA
2008-2010
performance
CHET, 2012

19. Enablers
Farmer to
Pharma
Human &
social
Dynamics
Climate
Change
Energy
Space
Science
Technology development and innovation
Human capital - Centres of Excellence, Centres of Competency,
SARCHI, professional development programme, etc.
Cross-
cutting
enablers
Grand
challenges
Knowledge infrastructure – Science councils, state-owned
enterprises, global projects
Link with National Imperatives and new Initiative
Ten year innovation plan
• Investment plan based on strategic priorities
International relations and technology transfer strategies

20. Link with (Inter-National) Imperatives
NWU Research Themes
Health
Human &
social
Dynamics
Climate
Energy
Food
Security

21. Research Based Engagement
Trends in the sector
DST Hydrogen
Infrastructure
Competency Centre
DST IKS Competency Centre
DST Metabolomics Platform
the dti Centre of Excellence
in Advanced Manufacturing
DST Preclinical Drug
Development Platform

22. NW-I-Hub
Envisaged
North-West
Innovation
Hub
for
Sustainable
Economic
Development in
the North-West
Province

23. NW-I-Hub
Envisaged
North-West
Innovation
Hub
for
Sustainable
Economic
Development in
the North-West
Province

24. 24
Almost 60% of newly mined PGMs (and 80% of Platinum) are
produced in Southern Africa, which also holds 90% of the
world’s total PGM resources
Source: Johnson Matthey
335
981
20
Platinum Palladium Rhodium
North America
850
4,285
85
Platinum Palladium Rhodium
Russia
5,345
2,759
649
Platinum Palladium Rhodium
Southern
Africa
104 150
5
Platinum Palladium Rhodium
Rest of
World
Region
Share of
World Pt Prod.
Reserves and
Resources
(M oz Pt)
Southern Africa 80% 4,300
Russia 13% 410
North America 5% 115
Rest of World 2% 50
PGM producing regions or states
PGM producing countries
Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium
volumes shown as mined k oz in 2007

25. Funding
Industry
Collaborator
HySA Independent
Labs & Infrastructure Activities
USERS of H2 / HySA
TRANSNET,
ESKOM,
MinesTelecomms
Market driven Commercialisation Strategy,
DST vision compliant
R&D funding aligned with commercialisation Strategy
Pty (Ltd) ?
PGM CLUSTER FRAMEWORK
HySA-I co-ordinates R&D
assignment as well as inward
and outward PGM application
transfer related activities
R&D
SA GOVERNMENT
DST, TIA, DMR, the dti, IDC
HySA Systems
COMMERCIALISATION FUND
Conduit Ventures Ltd
50% SA funding
50% global funding
COMPONENT
FABRICATORs
JM, BASF, 3M
SYSTEMS
FABRICATORs
Hydrogenics, etc
UNIVERSITY
OWN R&D
OTHER R&D
SOURCES
HySA Catalysis
Spoke Organisations
HySA Infrastructure
FOREIGN
UNIVERSITIES
PROTOTYPE
TRIAL
COMMERCIALISATION
MINES
FABRICATORS
OTHER CORPORATES
SPINOFF
COMPANY/
Investment
Funding
Funding
Grant Funding
LICENSEE
COMPANY
Developed / Proposedby NWU
PRODUCT
or
SYSTEM

26. Dankie
Thank you
Ke-a-leboga
It all starts here!

27. A few highlights
NWU Physicists in line for prestigious Descartes Prize:
A group of researchers of the Potchefstroom Campus of the NWU who represent
South Africa in this year in the High-Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) group are
the only South Africans who stand in line to win the much sought after European
Union Descartes Prize for Research for 2006, as part of a group working on a
project entitled A new glimpse at the highest-energy Universe.
The Descartes Prize is commonly referred to in the European Union (EU) as the
“Nobel Prize” for trans national scientific teams.
Unit for Space Physics
• Cosmic Ray Physics
• Heliospheric Physics
• Gamma Ray Astronomy

28. THE NWU
continues to bring in dividends
2008 2009 2010 2011
% of Sector Position % of Sector Position % of Sector Position % of Sector Position
Funding From
Government
5.17% 7 5.50% 7 5.80% 7 5.70% 8
Graduates
Produced
9.30% 3 9.30% 2 9.80% 2 9.33% 2
Un-weighted
Teaching Outputs
9.30% 2 9.40% 2 10% 2 9.5% 2
Weighted
Teaching Outputs
7.50% 5 7.50% 4 7.85% 3 7.56% 3
Total Research
Outputs
6.90% 6 6.80% 6 7.10% 6 6.73% 6
Master’s Degrees 7.70% 6 8.10% 6 7.30% 6 6.9% 6
PhDs 8.50% 6 8.90% 6 9.10% 5 7.3% 6
Articles Published 6% 7 4.90% 9 6% 8 6.56% 8

29. RESEARCH 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Master's degrees
awarded
618 583 659 633 639 670 781
PhDs awarded 124 100 123 129 115 154 168
Article equivalents
published (total)
376 503 448 586 737 933 1205
NRF rated researchers 95 102 116 117 129 140 169
Postdoctoral fellows 34 38 48 69 89 114 141
Research productivity 0,42 0,54 0,47 0,55 0,67 0,87 0,94
Total research output 1 061 1 083 1 186 1 326 1 444 1 859 2 220
THE NWU
has increased its profile substantially
PC: 644
(338 in 2007)
VTC: 96
(27 in 2007)

30. THE NWU
remains to be financially healthy
FINANCES AND
FACILITIES
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Total Income
R1436m R1671m R1827m R2002m R2318m
R2713m R2973m
Self-generated income
R542m R644m R647m R642m R751m R864m R944m
%of income from
government
39,80% 40,00% 41,50% 44,60% 43,10% 41.0% 39.1%
%of income fromtuition
fees
21,40% 20,30% 22,40% 23,60% 24,70% 26,50% 28.4%
Staff cost/total cost
50,10% 48,80% 49,80% 52,80% 52,40% 50,10% 50.8%
Surplus (recurrent items)
R66m R82m R58m R37m R63m
(3.0%)
R84.1m
(3.1%)
R37.5
(1.3%)