Sustainable Sanitation in India- a presentation by Mala Prasad

1. Clean India for a Healthier Tomorrow
A Presentation by:-
Mala Prasad,
for a MOOC Course on Risk and Opportunity

2. PROBLEM
HEALTH AND SANITATION

4. SANITATION PROBLEMS GIVE RISE TO HEALTH ISSUESSANITATION PROBLEMS GIVE RISE TO HEALTH ISSUES

5. HEALTH RISKS DUE TO UNSANITARY HABITS

6. THE HEALTH COST OF INSANITATION IS VERY HIGH

8. Recent evidence indicates that India is heading towards a major
sanitation crisis in the coming years. Efforts made at meeting the
sanitation challenges have been found to have very limited results,
with as high as 65% of the population not having toilet facilities
coupled with very low use of existing toilets in urban and rural areas

10. COST OF INSANITATION – URBAN
INDIA

11. OBSTACLES

12. FACTORS LEADING TO POOR USE OF
TOILETS
• Lack of knowledge about the sensitivity/ importance of the
risks
•Unwillingness of people to adapt even if it leads to better
health and hygiene
•Absence of mechanisms to maintain the toilets
•Lack of plumbing and drainage facilities
•Lack of water, lack of adequate and systematically designed
sewage systems
•Inadequate mechanisms to maintain these sewage pipelines
•Poor consideration of gender-based factors such as security
concerns, extra charges for women, lack of attention to
accessibility factors such as separate entrance for women, have
further led to reduced use of toilets among women

13. IT’S NOT AS IF THE HEALTH MANTRA IS NOT KNOWN

14. NEED OF THE HOUR IS - SUSTAINABLE
SANITATION
Sustainable
Sanitation
for all
Wash Governance
Strengthening
supply
changes and
Finance
Strengthening Behavior
change
Sanitation
Demand
Creation

15. MEASURES BEING TAKEN TO
ADDRESS THE PROBLEM

16. ROLE PLAYED BY GOVERNMENT
Swachh Bharat Mission

17. Swachh Bharat Mission
• To accelerate the efforts to achieve universal sanitation
coverage and to put focus on sanitation, the Prime
Minister of India launched the Swachh Bharat Mission
on 2nd October, 2014,which aims to achieve Swachh
Bharat by 2019, as a fitting tribute to the 150th Birth
Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, by improving the
levels of cleanliness.

18. SL.N
o.
Finance
Year
IHHL BPL IHHL APL
Total
IHHL(APL
+BPL)
School
Toilets
Sanitary
Complex
Anganwadi
ToiletsTotal SC ST Total SC ST
Small &
Marginal
Farmers
Landless
Labourers
with
homestead PH
Women
Headed
House
holds
1
2001-
2002 638680 75065 16636 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 638680 10210 512 674
2
2002-
2003 596380 72499 29628 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 596380 9313 428 979
3
2003-
2004 5503024 1553772 481483 633986 0 0 0 0 0 0 6137010 68085 1580 9526
4
2004-
2005 2885604 865885 232288 1696679 0 0 0 0 0 0 4582283 55226 1623 10259
5
2005-
2006 4080490 895334 368225 5090917 0 0 0 0 0 0 9171407 88092 2697 36057
6
2006-
2007 4771876 1056224 589845 4928504 0 0 0 0 0 0 9700380 131542 2953 53126
7
2007-
2008 5763430 1283089 844346 5764460 0 0 0 0 0 0 11527890 236259 3006 86489
8
2008-
2009 5570899 1272974 785527 5694983 0 0 0 0 0 0 11265882 253004 3245 68995
9
2009-
2010 5869608 1217219 908516 6538170 0 0 0 0 0 0 12407778 144480 2230 66227
10
2010-
2011 6155933 1391628 907120 6087798 464135 151832 0 0 0 0 12243731 105509 3377 50823
11
2011-
2012 4734816 1129472 745967 4064048 493960 212272 0 0 0 0 8798864 122471 2547 28409
12
2012-
2013 2919819 704437 337332 1639343 183394 106743 213778 82072 5709 20152 4559162 76396 1995 36677
13
2013-
2014 2553571 528332 386810 2422723 371056 237105 910908 308780 28846 114030 4976294 37696 1530 22318
14
2014-
2015 3038195 765009 439309 2807582 433747 266980 1324308 385875 9014 94274 5845777 25267 1109 8380
15
2015-
2016 3021262 751738 596575 4694355 647204 515839 2453491 595529 16076 152868 7715617 3447 877 1168
Total :- 58103587 13562677 7669607 52063548 2593496 1490771 4902485 1372256 59645 381324110167135 1366997 29709 480107
ALL INDIA FIGURES – SWACHH BHARAT

19. RESHAPING ATTITUDES – Paid to Poo
• People who live in the slums of Chandoliya in Ahmedabad
use the railway tracks to do what most would do only in
private, especially early in the morning before the crowds
and the heat develop.
• "We've made public toilets but people still don't use them,"
said Anil Prajapati, chairman of the Gujarat Sanitation
Development Organisation.
• "Some of these people fear that there are witches inside or
that their children will be kidnapped.
• "These people have come from small villages, and so they
are not used to the practice."
• Gujarat Sanitation Department is giving one rupee to the
children to use the toilet

20. ROLE PLAYED BY INDIVIDUALS
SCHOOL CHILDREN ARE BEING EDUCATED
ABOUT GOOD SANITARY HABITS

21. ROLE PLAYED BY MEDIA AND CIVIL
SOCIETY
Banega Swachh India” is a social initiative by
Dettol India in partnership with NDTV &
Facebook. It's a commitment towards
making India healthier and clean
http://www.ndtv.com/swachhindia

22. Celebrities lend a hand

23. ROLE PLAYED BY PRIVATE SECTOR

24. Transgenders lend their
hand
Sanjana Singh and her team have been using their
singing and dancing skills to make 12 villages in
the Bhopal district cleaner. Ms Singh, 30, a
transgender, runs an NGO for her community.
When the Madhya Pradesh government
requested the NGO, Mitra Shringaar Samiti, last
year to be a part of the Swacch Bharat Mission,
she happily agreed. It is now the team's mission
to campaign from door to door for better
sanitation in the villages.

25. ROLE PLAYED BY INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY

26. SUCCESS STORIES

27. Student
inspires village
• In Madhya Pradesh's Guradiya Varma village,
about 120 kilometres from Bhopal, 21-year-
old Anita Kaleshriya is an inspiration for many.
Enthused by a workshop on cleanliness
organised by a local group, she built a toilet in
her house in May last year with money from
her government scholarship fund. As a result,
she has inspired her village and neighbouring
villages to be open defecation free.

28. Hand Washing Day – A Guinness
Record
• BHOPAL: Guinness Book of World Records has
recognized the record created on world hand washing
day in Madhya Pradesh on October 15, 2014.
Information about the record set by Madhya Pradesh is
displayed on official website of Guinness Book
• According to Guinness Book, 12,76 ,425 students
created a new world record through simultaneous
hand washing at programmes held at 13,196 places
across the 51 districts of the state. It was organized by
panchayats and rural development departments.

29. WAY FORWARD
• Problem is long and acute. However, a
beginning has been made. There is increased
awareness among people. Govt. has also
taken the issue on top priority. Corporates are
also helping by way of“ Corporate Social
Responsibility” initiative. There’s only one way
to go ,i.e. forward.

30. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Wikipedia
• NDTV India
• Google Photos
• The Economist

31. THANK YOU