Asphalt internal structure characterization with X-Ray computed tomography
Visualization of a new generation of climate simulations with Avizo Green
1. Visualization of a
new generation of climate
simulations with Avizo Green
Michael Böttinger
Deutsches
Klimarechenzentrum
German Climate Computing Center
Michael Böttinger, DKRZ
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2. DKRZ – who we are
High Performance Computing Center
National Service Facility for Climate- and Earth System
Research
Limited (non for profit) Company (Shareholder: MPG: 53%,
University HH: 27%, AWI: 10%, HZG: 10%)
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3. High Performance Computing
• IBM "Power6“: 264 Nodes
• 8448 Cores
• 158 TeraFlops (sustained)
• System memory 20 TByte
• Infiniband Interconnect (4xDDR)
• 6 PByte GPFS file system
• Optimized for Climate Modeling
• >100 PByte Archive Capacity
Top500 (06/2009): Rank 27
Top500 (09/2011): Rank 98
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5. Atmosphere Model
Conservation Laws (Momentum, Energy, Mass)
State Equations
Radiation
Boundary Conditions: i.e. Earth Geometry,
Astronomical Parameters, Distribution of Land
and Sea
Differential Equations
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7. Climate Models – Data Structures
◦ Georefererenced data -> Mapping
◦ Relatively coarse 3D grids, some quantities only 2D
◦ Grids: rectilinear, curvilinear, rotated, irregular …
◦ Multivariate / scalar and vector fields
◦ Special values
◦ Time axis: very long time series
◦ Coupled models: distinct grids
◦ Multi run experiments (ensembles)
Michael Böttinger, DKRZ
8. A coupled climate model
Sun Atmosphere concentrations
(GHG, SO4)
Momentum
Energy Land Surface
Water
Coupler
Ocean Source: MPI-M
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9. IPCC AR4 / CMIP3
Scenarios for
energy production,
Emission scenarios
land use, etc.
for CO2
and other
gases/aeros.
Carbon Cycle Model
Change in the
concentration of
CO2 and other
? gases/aeros.
Climate Model
Climate change
(Temperature,
Precipitation,…)
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10. Earth System Model
Atmosphere
Coupler
Vegetation / Land
Ocean: Physics Biogeochem.
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11. Simulations for
CMIP5 / IPCC AR5
Simulations performed by DKRZ 2010/2011
Earth System Model MPI-ESM: land biosphere, ocean-
biogeochemistry (developed by MPI-M)
Computational demand: factor 60 compared to IPCC AR4
13 000 simulated model years
Results: 650 TB raw data, 60 TB in ESG
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12. CMIP5 Experiments with MPI-ESM
Base experiments
◦ e.g. the recent history historical 1850 to 2005.
Projections (Scenarios)
◦ 2005 to 2100, and 2005 to 2300, 3 different scenarios
Decadal climate forecasts
Role of the carbon cycle with respect to climate change
Long history
◦ e.g. the time 850 to 1850 or the last glacial maximum
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27. Information and Data Access
Earth System Grid
IS-ENES Data Access
http://www.dkrz.de/Klimaforschung/konsortial/ipp-ar5/
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28. Beyond IPCC AR5 simulations
STORM is a consortium effort aiming at multi-century climate
change integrations with a high resolution climate model
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31. Avizo Green
Avizo with domain specific extensions, i.e.
NetCDF CF-1.0 Reader
◦ supports regular, rectilinear, rotated, curvilinear and irregular grids
◦ Long time series: streaming for time dependent data
◦ Caching in memory
Map Projections
◦ Cylindric Equidistant, Spherical, Mollweide etc.
„Earth“ Module
◦ Textures, LOD techniques
◦ Topography / Bathymetry
◦ Continental and political Outlines
HW-based Bump Shading for 2D Slices
Vector Vis Methods
Volume Rendering for rectilinear grids
Michael Böttinger, DKRZ
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High visual quality of the resulting imagery
(relatively) easy to use.
DKRZ contributions to Avizo Green:
◦ Avizo Green Tutorial (see http://www.dkrz.de/Nutzerportal-
en/doku/halo/sw/avizo/avizo)
◦ Enhanced modules, i.e. DKRZ-Earth, BumpSliceDOI (under development)
Next generation climate model: unstructured grid -> developed for
DKRZ, now included in Avizo7 (funded by DKRZ and MPI-M)
More stability needed
Scalability: Performance problems with large grids
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