Ancient Egyptian Architecture!

1. Ancient egyptian
architecture

2. • Old kingdom
1. The Old Kingdom is the period spanning c. 2686–2181
BC.
2. Known as the "Age of the Pyramids" or the "Age of the
Pyramid Builders“
3. Mark the high points of civilization in the lower Nile Valley.
• During the Old Kingdom, the King of Egypt became a living
god who ruled absolutely and could demand the services
and wealth of his subjects.[6]

3. • Pyramids
1. Tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts
Red Pyramid Bent Pyramid Step Pyramid
Built by Sneferu, in 2575-2551 Bc Unique example of early pyramid
development in Egypt
First step pyramid is attributed to
the pharaoh Djoser.
Largest pyramid located in Dahshur
necropolis
Second pyramid built by Sneferu in
Royal necropolis of Dahshur
architectural structure that uses flat
platforms, or steps, to achieve a
completed shape similar to
a geometric pyramid.
Made of Limestone Made of Limestone First built as a square mastaba like
structure.
First successful attempt at creating a
true smooth-sided pyramid
Ancient formal name- The southern
shining pyramid

4. Red pyramid Bent pyamid Step pyramid
1. Height:- 62.5m
2. Base:- 121m×109m
1. Height:- 104.71m
47.04m beneath bend
57.67m above bend
2. Base:- 189.43 at base
123.58 at bend
1. Height:- 105m
2. Base:- 220m

5. •Mastaba
》An ancient Egyptian tomb consisting of an underground burial
chamber with rooms above it (at ground level) to store offerings.
》Built of mudbricks and later, stone
》Burial place for royals including pharaohs.
》Later, pyramids were used for the purpose for royals and the
common people continued using mastabas for burial and offering
》Storage chambers were stocked with food and equipment, and
walls were often decorated with scenes showing the deceased’s
expected daily activities.
》False door for the soul to enter and exit the tomb.

6. •New kingdom
⮚Most prosperous era
⮚Golden age of architecture
⮚Hatshepsut, second women pharaoh who ruled for 20
years
⮚Building of new temples and tombs were encouraged
⮚Trade was increased
⮚Pharaohs built magnificent temples to give thanks to
the gods who helped them in their success
⮚Move away from pyramids to tombs

7. • Importance of nile
⮚ Fertile land :- Most of Egypt is desert, but along the Nile
River the soil is rich and good for growing crops. The three
most important crops were wheat, flax and papyrus.
⮚ Flooding :- The flood brought rich black soil and renewed the
farmlands.
⮚ Building materials :- They used the mud from the riverbanks
to make sundried bricks. The Egyptians also quarried
limestone and sandstone from the hills along the side of the
Nile.
⮚ Transportation :- Since most of the major cities of Ancient
Egypt were built along the Nile River, the river could be
used like a major highway throughout the Empire.

8. • The shpinx
⮚A imestone statue of a reclining sphinx,
a mythical creature.
⮚The face of the Sphinx is generally
believed to represent the pharaoh Khafre.
⮚In the New Kingdom, the Sphinx became
more specifically associated with the sun
god Hor-em-akhet or "Horus-at-the-
Horizon".
⮚Facing directly from West to East, it stands
on the Giza Plateau on the west bank of
the Nile in Giza, Egypt.

9. • Possible
construction of
pyramids
⮚One theory suggests that causeways were used to
haul the stone blocks on wooden sleds up the side
of the pyramids. The ramps were lubricated with
water to reduce friction when hauling the blocks.
⮚A wooden crane with a counterweight on one end
may have been used to lift the blocks from one
level to the next.
⮚the use of pulleys to hoist the blocks up the ramps
and fulcrums to manipulate the blocks into place.
Pulleys were used on ships at the time.

10. • Ancinet Egyptians loved
board games.
• Egyptian women had
a wide range of
rights and freedoms.
• Egyptian workers
were known to
organize labor
strikes.
• Egyptian pharaohs
were often overweight.
• The pyramids were not
built by slaves.
• King Tut may have
been killed by a
hippopotamus.
• Egyptians of both
sexes wore makeup.
• Egyptians kept many
animals as pets.
• Some Egyptian doctors
had specialized fields
of study.
🏝Fun
facts🏝