The document discusses several cereal crops, pulses, oilseeds and their favorable growing conditions. It provides details about wheat, rice, maize, millet, barley, ragi, jowar, bajra and their scientific names. It also summarizes information about peas, pigeon peas, lentils, soybeans, black grams and their cultivation regions. Finally, it mentions key facts about mustard, coconut, soybean, sunflower and olive crops.

2. RABI ZAID
KHARIF

3.  Cereals
 Pulses
 Oil seeds
 Beverages

4. WHEAT RICE BARLEY
MAIZE MILLET

5.  Second most important cereal crop in India
 Wheat : Rabi crop
 Favorable Conditions : cool growing season, bright sunshine at the time of
ripening, 50-75 cm annual rainfall
 Main food crop (in India) : in north-western part
 Mainly grown (in India) : The Ganga – Satluj plain, black soil region of Deccan,
Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and parts of Madhya Pradesh.
 Scientific Name :Triticum

6.  Used as food and fodder
 Maize : Kharif Crop
 In some states it is also grown in Rabi season like in Bihar
 Favorable Conditions : temperature between 21 degree – 27 degree Celsius, grows
well in old alluvial soil
 Mainly grown in (India) : Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and
Madhya Pradesh
 Scientific Name : Zea Mays

7.  Staple food in India
 India:2nd largest producer of rice in the world
 Rice : Kharif crop
 Favorable conditions : High temperature( above 25 degree Celsius) , high
humidity ,(annual rainfall- above 100 cm).
 Mainly grown in : eastern UP, Bihar, West Bengal etc.
 Scientific name of Asian rice- Oryza Sativa

8. RAGI
JOWAR
•Rich in iron, roughage, calcium and
•Third most food crop with respect
other micro nutrients
to area and production
•Favorable Conditions : Crop of dry
• Favorable Conditions : Rain-fed
regions, grows well on red, black,
crop, mainly grown in moist areas
sandy, loamy and shallow black soils
•Mainly Grown in : Karnataka,
•Mainly grown in (India) : Karnataka,
Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh
Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand etc.
BAJRA
•Favorable Conditions : grows well
on sandy soils and shallow black
soils
•Mainly grown in : Uttar Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Gujarat and Haryana
Scientific Name of common Millet : Panicum Miliaceum

9.  4th largest grain crop after wheat, rice and corn
 Grown as a summer crop in temperate areas
and winter crop in tropical areas
 Germination time : 1-3 days
 Favorable Conditions : likes to grow under cool conditions
 Scientific Name of Two-rowed Barley : Hordeum Distichon

10.  Pea
 Pigeon Pea
 Lentil
 Soyabean
 Black Gram

11.  Life cycle : 1 year
 Grown as a cool seasonal vegetable crop
 Favorable Conditions : Temperature between 13-18 degree Celsius,
grows well in cooler high altitude tropical areas and on slightly acidic
drained soil
 Mainly grown in : Europe
 Diseases [Fungal] : Alternaria alternata
 Scientific Name : Pisum Sativum

12.  Essential food in west Africa and Nigeria
 Important source of protein in India
 Widely cultivated in all tropical and semi tropical regions
 Favorable Conditions : drought resistant, annual rainfall less than
650mm
 Mainly grown in India : 82% (of total pigeon pea grown in the
world)
 Scientific Name : Cajanus Cajan
 Pathogens : Phytophthora Cajani

13.  Widely cultivated in temperate regions
 Known for their high protein content and
good vegetable source of iron
 Used as fodder
 Mainly grown in : Canada, India, Nepal, United States
 Scientific Name : Lens culinaries

14.  An oil seed also (contain 19% oil)
 Source of protein for animal feeds
 Favorable Conditions : mainly grown in hot
summers, optimum growth in moist alluvial soil
and mean temperature 20-30 degree Celsius
 Mainly Grown in : United States, Brazil, Argentina,
China and India
 Scientific Name : Glycine Max

15.  Mainly used to make dal
 Originated in India
 Mainly grown in India
 Very nutritious and is recommended for diabetics
 Used in traditional Indian medicine
 Scientific Name : Vigna Mungo

16. MUSTARD OLIVE
COCONUT SOYABEAN
SUNFLOWER

17.  Rich in oil (46%-48%) and protein (43.6%)
 Mature mustard plants grow in shrubs
 Take 3-10 days to germinate
 Favorable Conditions : grows well in temperate regions, cold atmosphere
and moist soil
 Mainly grown in : Canada (90%), Hungary, Great Britain, India, Pakistan
etc.
 Scientific Name of black mustard : Brassica Nigra

18.  Scientific Name : Cocos Nucifera
 Favorable Conditions : Coconut palm thrives
on sandy soil, prefer areas with abundant
sunlight, regular rainfall (150-250 cm annually),
low humidity, temperature
(regularly above 25 degree Celsius)
 Mainly grown in : Philippines, Indonesia,
India, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Thailand,
Mexico, Vietnam, Papua New Guinea,
Malaysia, Tanzania
 In India : Kerela, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka,
Goa, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Orissa,
Pondicherry, Lakshadweep, Andaman and
Nicobar Islands, Maharashtra

19.  Sunflower Oil is used for cooking, carrier oil and to
produce margarine and biodiesel
 Its stem bends towards the sun.
 Favorable Conditions : need full sun, fertile,
moist and well drained soil with heavy mulch
 Scientific Name : Helianthus annuus
 Mainly grown in : Europe, Canada, Russia, India,
South Africa, Eastern Australia

20. OLIVE
 Olive tree is an evergreen tree
 It is drought, disease and fire resistant
 Olive leaves are used as medicinal teas
 Favorable Conditions : Coastal climate
conditions, light soil, clay soil if well
drained, hot weather
 Mainly grown in : Spain, Italy, Greece,
Turkey, Syria, Tunisia, Egypt