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Your Guide to Branding
Posit	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  Iden%fying	
  and	
  establishing	
  points	
  of	
  parity	
  and	
  
points	
  of	
  difference	
  to	
  establish	
  the	
  right	
  brand	
  
iden%ty	
  and	
  brand	
  image.	
  
Get the thoughts aligned
 
Unique,	
  meaningful	
  points	
  of	
  difference	
  provide	
  a	
  
compe%%ve	
  advantage	
  and	
  “reason	
  why”	
  
consumers	
  should	
  buy	
  the	
  brand.	
  
	
  
“no	
  reason	
  why	
  not”	
  
Basic Concepts
•  Brand	
  Posi,oning:	
  is	
  at	
  the	
  heart	
  of	
  marke,ng	
  
strategy.	
  It	
  is	
  the	
  ‘act	
  of	
  designing	
  the	
  company’s	
  
offer	
  and	
  image	
  so	
  that	
  it	
  occupies	
  a	
  dis,nct	
  and	
  
valued	
  place	
  in	
  the	
  target	
  customer’s	
  minds.	
  
	
  
•  	
  Posi%on	
  =	
  Loca%on	
  (finding	
  proper	
  loca%on	
  of	
  the	
  
product	
  in	
  the	
  consumer’s	
  minds)	
  
	
  
Get to the heart of your Brand!
 	
  	
  	
  	
  How	
  is	
  it	
  diferent?	
  	
  
Why	
  should	
  consumers	
  buy	
  	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  and	
  use	
  it?	
  	
  
Differentiate
1.  Who	
  the	
  target	
  consumer	
  is?	
  
	
  
2.  Who	
  the	
  main	
  compe%tors	
  are?	
  
	
  
3.  How	
  the	
  brand	
  is	
  similar	
  to	
  these	
  compe,tors?	
  
	
  
4.  How	
  the	
  brand	
  is	
  different	
  from	
  them?	
  
So Marketers need to know…
•  Market:	
  is	
  the	
  set	
  of	
  all	
  actual	
  and	
  poten,al	
  
buyers	
  who	
  have	
  sufficient	
  interest	
  in,	
  income	
  for,	
  
and	
  access	
  to	
  a	
  product.	
  
	
  
•  Market	
  Segmenta,on:	
  divided	
  the	
  market	
  into	
  
dis,nct	
  groups	
  of	
  homogeneous	
  consumers	
  who	
  
have	
  similar	
  needs	
  and	
  consumer	
  behavior.	
  
Who are you targeting?
•  Descrip%ve	
  or	
  customer-­‐oriented:	
  what	
  kind	
  of	
  
person	
  or	
  organiza,on	
  the	
  customer	
  is	
  
	
  
•  Behavioral	
  or	
  product-­‐oriented:	
  how	
  the	
  customer	
  
thinks	
  of	
  or	
  uses	
  the	
  brand	
  or	
  product	
  
Segmentation Bases
Who?	
  Consumers	
  VS	
  Business	
  Buyers	
  
	
  
Descriptive or customer-oriented
 
	
  
Consumer Segmentation Bases
Behavioral	
  
User	
  status	
  
Usage	
  rate	
  
Usage	
  loca,on	
  
Brand	
  loyalty	
  
Benefit	
  sought	
  
Demographic	
  
Income	
  
Age	
  
Sex	
  
Race	
  
Family	
  
•  Psychographic	
  
–  Value,	
  opinions,	
  and	
  
aTtudes	
  
–  Ac,vi,es	
  and	
  
lifestyle	
  
•  Geographic	
  
•  Interna,onal	
  
•  regional	
  
Business-to-businessSegmentationBases
Nature	
  of	
  good	
  
Kind	
  
Where	
  used	
  
Type	
  of	
  buy	
  
Buying	
  
condi,on	
  
Purchase	
  
loca,on	
  
Who	
  buys	
  
Type	
  of	
  buy	
  
	
  
•  Demographic	
  
–  SIC	
  code	
  
–  Number	
  of	
  
employees	
  
–  Number	
  of	
  
produc,on	
  workers	
  
–  Annual	
  sales	
  
volume	
  
–  Number	
  of	
  
establishments	
  
How?	
  **Depend	
  on	
  each	
  product	
  category**	
  
	
  
Behavioral or product-oriented
Ex:	
  Toothpaste	
  
1.  The	
  sensory	
  segment:	
  seeking	
  flavor	
  and	
  product	
  
appearance	
  
2.  The	
  sociable:	
  seeking	
  brightness	
  of	
  teeth	
  
3.  The	
  worriers:	
  seeking	
  decay	
  preven,on	
  
4.  The	
  independent	
  segment:	
  seeking	
  low	
  price	
  
Few Examples
Who the main competitors are?
Soft Drinks perpetual map
Howthebrandissimilartothesecompetitors?
Howthebrandisdifferentfromthem?
•  Points	
  of	
  parity:	
  associa,ons	
  that	
  are	
  not	
  unique	
  
to	
  the	
  brand	
  but	
  may	
  be	
  shared	
  with	
  other	
  brands.	
  
•  Points	
  of	
  difference:	
  aributes	
  or	
  benefits	
  that	
  
consumers	
  strongly	
  associate	
  with	
  a	
  brand	
  and	
  
they	
  believe	
  that	
  they	
  could	
  not	
  find	
  from	
  a	
  
compe,,ve	
  brand	
  
	
  
•  Designing	
  and	
  communica,ng	
  the	
  compe,,ve	
  
frame	
  of	
  reference	
  
– To	
  determine	
  category	
  membership	
  
– Which	
  products	
  does	
  the	
  brand	
  complete?	
  
– Different	
  categories	
  will	
  lead	
  to	
  different	
  points	
  of	
  
parity	
  and	
  points	
  of	
  difference	
  
– Ex:	
  PDA	
  –	
  smart	
  phone,	
  laptop,	
  palm	
  
– Ex:	
  Coca	
  cola	
  –	
  so_	
  drink,	
  carbonated	
  drink,	
  general	
  
beverage	
  
– Ex:	
  Kellogg’s	
  Corn	
  Flakes	
  –	
  cereal,	
  snack,	
  morning	
  meal	
  
	
  
Positioning Guidelines
•  Choosing	
  points	
  of	
  difference	
  
–  Desirability	
  criteria	
  
•  Relevance	
  
•  Dis,nc,veness	
  
•  Believability	
  
–  Deliverability	
  criteria	
  
•  Feasibility	
  
•  Communicability	
  
•  Sustainability	
  
•  Establishing	
  Points	
  of	
  Parity	
  and	
  Points	
  of	
  Difference	
  
	
  
–  Separate	
  the	
  aributes	
  
–  Leverage	
  equity	
  of	
  another	
  en,ty	
  
–  Redefine	
  the	
  rela,onship	
  
	
  
Positioning Guidelines
•  Upda,ng	
  posi,oning	
  over	
  ,me	
  
– Laddering:	
  how	
  to	
  deepen	
  the	
  meaning	
  of	
  the	
  brand	
  
to	
  tap	
  into	
  core	
  brand	
  associa,ons	
  or	
  more	
  abstract	
  
considera,ons	
  
– Reac,ng:	
  how	
  to	
  respond	
  to	
  compe,,ve	
  challenges	
  
that	
  threaten	
  an	
  exis,ng	
  posi,oning	
  
•  Do	
  nothing	
  
•  Go	
  on	
  the	
  defensive	
  
•  Go	
  on	
  the	
  offensive	
  
Move with time
•  Pick	
  2	
  big	
  brands	
  in	
  the	
  same	
  category	
  
•  Evaluate	
  the	
  posi,oning	
  of	
  each	
  brand.	
  	
  
– Who	
  are	
  the	
  target	
  markets?	
  	
  
•  Who	
  and	
  how?	
  
– What	
  are	
  their	
  main	
  points	
  of	
  parity	
  and	
  points	
  of	
  
difference?	
  	
  
•  Both	
  performance	
  and	
  imagery	
  
– Have	
  they	
  defined	
  their	
  posi,oning	
  correctly?	
  
– How	
  might	
  it	
  be	
  improved?	
  
Do it …to know it!
Core	
  Brand	
  Associa,ons:	
  are	
  those	
  abstract	
  
associa,ons	
  that	
  characterize	
  the	
  5	
  to	
  10	
  most	
  
important	
  aspects	
  or	
  dimensions	
  of	
  a	
  brand.	
  
	
  
They	
  can	
  serve	
  as	
  the	
  basis	
  of	
  brand	
  posi,oning	
  in	
  
terms	
  of	
  how	
  they	
  create	
  points	
  of	
  parity	
  and	
  
points	
  of	
  difference.	
  
DefiningandEstablishing,BrandMantras
•  Create	
  mental	
  map:	
  all	
  salient	
  brand	
  associa,ons	
  
and	
  responses	
  for	
  a	
  par,cular	
  target	
  market.	
  
•  Group	
  brand	
  associa,ons	
  into	
  related	
  categories	
  
with	
  descrip,ve	
  labels	
  
Create a mental map
MTV	
  
popular
leader
For me
Real and genuine
trendsetter
original
changing
informative
lifestyle
interactive
Irreverent and rebellious
young
Fun and entertaining
Hip and cool
connected
Live and immediate
music
mainstream
trusting
Sample	
  of	
  a	
  mental	
  map	
  
Points that impact
•  Music	
  
–  What’s	
  hot	
  and	
  what’s	
  new	
  
•  Credibility	
  
–  Expert,	
  trus,ng,	
  reality	
  
•  Personality	
  
–  Irrelevant,	
  hip,	
  cool	
  
•  Accessibility	
  
–  Relevant,	
  for	
  everyone	
  
•  Interac,vity	
  
–  Connected	
  and	
  par,cipatory	
  
•  Community	
  
–  Share	
  experience	
  
•  Spontaneity	
  
–  Up	
  to	
  the	
  minute,	
  immediate	
  
•  Originality	
  
–  Genuine,	
  crea,ve	
  
•  Fluidity	
  
–  Always	
  changing	
  and	
  evolving	
  
	
  
Heart	
  &	
  Soul	
  
Core	
  brand	
  promise	
  
Similar	
  to	
  brand	
  essence	
  
3	
  –	
  5	
  words	
  that	
  captures	
  spirit	
  of	
  the	
  brand	
  
Ex:	
  McDonald’s	
  brand	
  philosophy:	
  “Food,	
  Folks	
  and	
  
Fun”	
  
	
  
Brand Mantras
•  What	
  the	
  brand	
  is	
  and	
  what	
  is	
  not!!!	
  
–  Brand	
  func,on:	
  nature	
  of	
  product,	
  benefits	
  the	
  brand	
  provides	
  
	
  ex:	
  Nike	
  –	
  performance	
  
	
  ex:	
  Disney	
  -­‐-­‐	
  entertainment	
  
–  Descrip,ve	
  modifier:	
  further	
  clarifies	
  its	
  nature	
  
	
  ex:	
  Nike	
  –	
  athle,c	
  (not	
  just	
  typical	
  performance)	
  
	
  ex:	
  Disney	
  -­‐-­‐	
  family	
  
–  Emo,onal	
  modifier:	
  provide	
  another	
  qualifier,	
  how	
  exactly	
  does	
  
the	
  brand	
  provide	
  benefits	
  and	
  in	
  what	
  ways?	
  	
  
	
  ex:	
  Nike	
  –	
  Authen,c	
  
	
  ex:	
  Disney	
  -­‐-­‐	
  fun	
  
Designing Brand Mantras
•  Communicate:	
  a	
  good	
  brand	
  mantra	
  should	
  both	
  
define	
  the	
  category	
  of	
  business	
  to	
  set	
  the	
  brand	
  
boundaries	
  and	
  clarify	
  what	
  is	
  unique	
  about	
  the	
  
brand	
  
•  Simplify:	
  an	
  effec,ve	
  bran	
  mantra	
  should	
  be	
  
memorable,	
  short,	
  vivid	
  
•  Inspire:	
  the	
  brand	
  mantra	
  should	
  also	
  stake	
  out	
  
ground	
  that	
  is	
  personally	
  meaningful	
  and	
  relevant	
  
to	
  as	
  many	
  employees	
  and	
  possible	
  
	
  
Articulate your brand
Want	
  to	
  learn	
  more	
  write	
  to	
  us	
  at	
  info@unspunmarke%ng.com	
  

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Handy Guide for Brand Building

  • 2. Your Guide to Branding
  • 3. Posit        Iden%fying  and  establishing  points  of  parity  and   points  of  difference  to  establish  the  right  brand   iden%ty  and  brand  image.   Get the thoughts aligned
  • 4.   Unique,  meaningful  points  of  difference  provide  a   compe%%ve  advantage  and  “reason  why”   consumers  should  buy  the  brand.     “no  reason  why  not”   Basic Concepts
  • 5. •  Brand  Posi,oning:  is  at  the  heart  of  marke,ng   strategy.  It  is  the  ‘act  of  designing  the  company’s   offer  and  image  so  that  it  occupies  a  dis,nct  and   valued  place  in  the  target  customer’s  minds.     •   Posi%on  =  Loca%on  (finding  proper  loca%on  of  the   product  in  the  consumer’s  minds)     Get to the heart of your Brand!
  • 6.          How  is  it  diferent?     Why  should  consumers  buy                              and  use  it?     Differentiate
  • 7. 1.  Who  the  target  consumer  is?     2.  Who  the  main  compe%tors  are?     3.  How  the  brand  is  similar  to  these  compe,tors?     4.  How  the  brand  is  different  from  them?   So Marketers need to know…
  • 8. •  Market:  is  the  set  of  all  actual  and  poten,al   buyers  who  have  sufficient  interest  in,  income  for,   and  access  to  a  product.     •  Market  Segmenta,on:  divided  the  market  into   dis,nct  groups  of  homogeneous  consumers  who   have  similar  needs  and  consumer  behavior.   Who are you targeting?
  • 9. •  Descrip%ve  or  customer-­‐oriented:  what  kind  of   person  or  organiza,on  the  customer  is     •  Behavioral  or  product-­‐oriented:  how  the  customer   thinks  of  or  uses  the  brand  or  product   Segmentation Bases
  • 10. Who?  Consumers  VS  Business  Buyers     Descriptive or customer-oriented
  • 11.     Consumer Segmentation Bases Behavioral   User  status   Usage  rate   Usage  loca,on   Brand  loyalty   Benefit  sought   Demographic   Income   Age   Sex   Race   Family   •  Psychographic   –  Value,  opinions,  and   aTtudes   –  Ac,vi,es  and   lifestyle   •  Geographic   •  Interna,onal   •  regional  
  • 12. Business-to-businessSegmentationBases Nature  of  good   Kind   Where  used   Type  of  buy   Buying   condi,on   Purchase   loca,on   Who  buys   Type  of  buy     •  Demographic   –  SIC  code   –  Number  of   employees   –  Number  of   produc,on  workers   –  Annual  sales   volume   –  Number  of   establishments  
  • 13. How?  **Depend  on  each  product  category**     Behavioral or product-oriented
  • 14. Ex:  Toothpaste   1.  The  sensory  segment:  seeking  flavor  and  product   appearance   2.  The  sociable:  seeking  brightness  of  teeth   3.  The  worriers:  seeking  decay  preven,on   4.  The  independent  segment:  seeking  low  price   Few Examples
  • 15. Who the main competitors are?
  • 17. Howthebrandissimilartothesecompetitors? Howthebrandisdifferentfromthem? •  Points  of  parity:  associa,ons  that  are  not  unique   to  the  brand  but  may  be  shared  with  other  brands.   •  Points  of  difference:  aributes  or  benefits  that   consumers  strongly  associate  with  a  brand  and   they  believe  that  they  could  not  find  from  a   compe,,ve  brand    
  • 18. •  Designing  and  communica,ng  the  compe,,ve   frame  of  reference   – To  determine  category  membership   – Which  products  does  the  brand  complete?   – Different  categories  will  lead  to  different  points  of   parity  and  points  of  difference   – Ex:  PDA  –  smart  phone,  laptop,  palm   – Ex:  Coca  cola  –  so_  drink,  carbonated  drink,  general   beverage   – Ex:  Kellogg’s  Corn  Flakes  –  cereal,  snack,  morning  meal     Positioning Guidelines
  • 19. •  Choosing  points  of  difference   –  Desirability  criteria   •  Relevance   •  Dis,nc,veness   •  Believability   –  Deliverability  criteria   •  Feasibility   •  Communicability   •  Sustainability   •  Establishing  Points  of  Parity  and  Points  of  Difference     –  Separate  the  aributes   –  Leverage  equity  of  another  en,ty   –  Redefine  the  rela,onship     Positioning Guidelines
  • 20. •  Upda,ng  posi,oning  over  ,me   – Laddering:  how  to  deepen  the  meaning  of  the  brand   to  tap  into  core  brand  associa,ons  or  more  abstract   considera,ons   – Reac,ng:  how  to  respond  to  compe,,ve  challenges   that  threaten  an  exis,ng  posi,oning   •  Do  nothing   •  Go  on  the  defensive   •  Go  on  the  offensive   Move with time
  • 21. •  Pick  2  big  brands  in  the  same  category   •  Evaluate  the  posi,oning  of  each  brand.     – Who  are  the  target  markets?     •  Who  and  how?   – What  are  their  main  points  of  parity  and  points  of   difference?     •  Both  performance  and  imagery   – Have  they  defined  their  posi,oning  correctly?   – How  might  it  be  improved?   Do it …to know it!
  • 22. Core  Brand  Associa,ons:  are  those  abstract   associa,ons  that  characterize  the  5  to  10  most   important  aspects  or  dimensions  of  a  brand.     They  can  serve  as  the  basis  of  brand  posi,oning  in   terms  of  how  they  create  points  of  parity  and   points  of  difference.   DefiningandEstablishing,BrandMantras
  • 23. •  Create  mental  map:  all  salient  brand  associa,ons   and  responses  for  a  par,cular  target  market.   •  Group  brand  associa,ons  into  related  categories   with  descrip,ve  labels   Create a mental map
  • 24. MTV   popular leader For me Real and genuine trendsetter original changing informative lifestyle interactive Irreverent and rebellious young Fun and entertaining Hip and cool connected Live and immediate music mainstream trusting Sample  of  a  mental  map  
  • 25. Points that impact •  Music   –  What’s  hot  and  what’s  new   •  Credibility   –  Expert,  trus,ng,  reality   •  Personality   –  Irrelevant,  hip,  cool   •  Accessibility   –  Relevant,  for  everyone   •  Interac,vity   –  Connected  and  par,cipatory   •  Community   –  Share  experience   •  Spontaneity   –  Up  to  the  minute,  immediate   •  Originality   –  Genuine,  crea,ve   •  Fluidity   –  Always  changing  and  evolving    
  • 26. Heart  &  Soul   Core  brand  promise   Similar  to  brand  essence   3  –  5  words  that  captures  spirit  of  the  brand   Ex:  McDonald’s  brand  philosophy:  “Food,  Folks  and   Fun”     Brand Mantras
  • 27. •  What  the  brand  is  and  what  is  not!!!   –  Brand  func,on:  nature  of  product,  benefits  the  brand  provides    ex:  Nike  –  performance    ex:  Disney  -­‐-­‐  entertainment   –  Descrip,ve  modifier:  further  clarifies  its  nature    ex:  Nike  –  athle,c  (not  just  typical  performance)    ex:  Disney  -­‐-­‐  family   –  Emo,onal  modifier:  provide  another  qualifier,  how  exactly  does   the  brand  provide  benefits  and  in  what  ways?      ex:  Nike  –  Authen,c    ex:  Disney  -­‐-­‐  fun   Designing Brand Mantras
  • 28. •  Communicate:  a  good  brand  mantra  should  both   define  the  category  of  business  to  set  the  brand   boundaries  and  clarify  what  is  unique  about  the   brand   •  Simplify:  an  effec,ve  bran  mantra  should  be   memorable,  short,  vivid   •  Inspire:  the  brand  mantra  should  also  stake  out   ground  that  is  personally  meaningful  and  relevant   to  as  many  employees  and  possible     Articulate your brand
  • 29. Want  to  learn  more  write  to  us  at  info@unspunmarke%ng.com