Thomas chinnappan geologist keeranur, pudukkottai, tamilnadu, india.

1. Plate Tectonics and environment
geology;Minerals and
rocks;Ecology and geology
BY:
THOMAS CHINNAPPAN . A ,
M.SC.APPLIED GEOLOGY,
PERIYAR UNIVERSITY,
SALEM.

2. Plate Tectonics:
• Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that
considers the Earth's lithosphere to comprise a
number of large tectonic plates which have been
slowly moving since about 3.4 billion years ago.
• Earth's lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost
shell of a planet (the crust and upper mantle), is
broken into seven or eight major plates and many
minor plates.

3. Where the plates meet, their relative motion
determines the type of boundary:Convergent ,
Divergant , transform fault boundry.

4. • Tectonic plates are able to move because Earth's
lithosphere has greater mechanical strength than
the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density
variations in the mantle result in convection; that
is, the slow creeping motion of Earth's solid mantle.
• Plate movement is thought to be driven by a
combination of the motion of the seafloor away
from spreading ridges due to variations in
topography and density changes in the crust

5. Types of plate boundaries :
• In plate tectonics, a divergent
boundary or divergent plate
boundary is a linear feature that
exists between two tectonic
plates that are moving away from
each other. Divergent boundaries
within continents initially
produce rifts, which eventually
become rift valleys.
• Eg: Mid oceanic ridge,sea
floorspreading.
1.Divergent Boundry :

6. 2.Convergent Boundry:
• A convergent boundary (also
known as a destructive
boundary) is an area on Earth
where two or more lithospheric
plates collide. One plate
eventually slides beneath the
other, a process known as
subduction.
• Eg: The collision between the
Eurasian Plate and the Indian
Plate that is forming the
Himalayas.

7. 3.Transform fault boundry :
• A transform fault or transform
boundary, sometimes called a
strike-slip boundary, is a fault
along a plate boundary where
the motion is predominantly
horizontal. It ends abruptly
where it connects to another
plate boundary, either another
transform, a spreading ridge,
or a subduction zone.Eg:San
Andreas fault california

8. How does plate tectonics affect the
environment?
• The movement of the plates also causes volcanoes and
mountains to form and these can also contribute to a
change in climate.
• Large mountain chains can influence the circulation of air
around the globe, and consequently influence the climate.
• For example, warm air may be deflected to cooler regions
by mountains.

9. • A mineral is a naturally occurring substance
with distinctive chemical and physical
properties, composition and atomic
structure.
• Rocks are generally made up of two of
more minerals, mixed up through
geological processes.
Minerals and Rocks :

10. • Weathering Environments
• As rocks and minerals become exposed at its surface, the
weathering process changes them through exposure to air,
water, ice, and life. Weathering is often accompanied by
erosion, or the transportation of weathered materials by
flowing water, wind, ice, and gravity.
• Mining process
• Environmental effects of mining can occur at local,
regional, and global scales through direct and indirect
mining practices. The effects can result in erosion,
sinkholes, loss of biodiversity, or the contamination of soil,
groundwater, and surface water by the chemicals emitted
from mining processes.
How does the environment influence the changes in
rocks and minerals:

11. • Rainfall and temperature can affect the rate in
which rocks weather. High temperatures and
greater rainfall increase the rate of chemical
weathering. Rocks in tropical regions exposed to
abundant rainfall and hot temperatures weather
much faster than similar rocks residing in cold, dry
regions
Environmental factors that affect
the change condition of rocks :

12. • Geology is an earth science that studies everything that
makes up the planet, including it's physical (liquid or solid)
constituents.
• Ecology is the study of the interactions among earth's life
(the organisms living on the planet), as well as how they
mingle in their natural habitats or environment.
• There are many different ways to study ecology. Some
types are landscape ecology, population ecology, and
behavioral ecology.
Difference between Ecology andGeology
:

13. • the study of the relationships between living
organisms, including humans, and their physical
environment.
• Ecology considers organisms at the individual,
population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere
level. Ecology overlaps with the closely related
sciences of biogeography, evolutionary biology,
genetics, ethology, and natural history.
• There are many different ways to study ecology. Some
types are landscape ecology, population ecology, and
behavioral ecology.

14. Thankyou