1. Monday, October 22, 2012Monday, October 22, 2012
Agree Disagree 1. Plantations Agree DisagreeAgree Disagree 1. Plantations Agree Disagree
____ ____ normally grew____ ____ normally grew ____ ________ ____
many crops.many crops.
____ ____ 2. Many Africans____ ____ 2. Many Africans ____ _________ _____
from the Caribbean werefrom the Caribbean were
experienced in growing rice.experienced in growing rice.

2. Chapter Three: Colonial Ways of LifeChapter Three: Colonial Ways of Life
Section One: Southern ColoniesSection One: Southern Colonies
A. The Southern EconomyA. The Southern Economy
 Mainly based onMainly based on agricultureagriculture..
 Cash cropCash crop – a crop mainly– a crop mainly
grown to be sold for profit.grown to be sold for profit.
 In Maryland, Virginia, andIn Maryland, Virginia, and
North Carolina, the mainNorth Carolina, the main
cash crop wascash crop was tobaccotobacco..

3.  TheThe growth of cash cropsgrowth of cash crops led to theled to the
rise of plantationsrise of plantations..
 PlantationPlantation – a large farm usually– a large farm usually
growing only one crop.growing only one crop.
 PlantationsPlantations
requiredrequired manymany
laborers.laborers.

4.  In the early years, most laborers wereIn the early years, most laborers were
indentured servantsindentured servants - people who signed a- people who signed a
contract saying they would pay their way tocontract saying they would pay their way to
America by working forAmerica by working for 5 to 7 years5 to 7 years..
 Their needs would beTheir needs would be
provided by theprovided by the land ownerland owner..
 In South Carolina,In South Carolina, rice andrice and indigoindigo
(used to make blue dye) were the main(used to make blue dye) were the main
crops.crops.

5.  Many planters who came to SouthMany planters who came to South
Carolina wereCarolina were from the Caribbeanfrom the Caribbean,,
where slavery was common.where slavery was common.
 ManyMany AfricansAfricans alreadyalready
had experience harvestinghad experience harvesting ricerice..
 Therefore, most of theseTherefore, most of these
planters chose Africans asplanters chose Africans as
their source oftheir source of laborlabor andand
slaveryslavery began tobegan to increaseincrease..

6. B. Southern SocietyB. Southern Society
CHUNK #1 Turn to page 86 and 87. ReadCHUNK #1 Turn to page 86 and 87. Read SouthernSouthern
SocietySociety then complete the graphic organizerthen complete the graphic organizer
below.below.

7. B. Southern SocietyB. Southern Society
CHUNK #1 Turn to page 86 and 87.CHUNK #1 Turn to page 86 and 87.
Read Southern SocietyRead Southern Society
then complete the graphic organizerthen complete the graphic organizer
1.1. The Planter EliteThe Planter Elite
a.k.a. (gentry)a.k.a. (gentry)
 The smallest group was made up ofThe smallest group was made up of
wealthy land ownerswealthy land owners..
 They had a great deal ofThey had a great deal of socialsocial andand
politicalpolitical influence.influence.

8. 2.2. Backcountry FarmersBackcountry Farmers (yeomen)(yeomen)
 Many wereMany were former indenturedformer indentured
servantsservants who had acquired land.who had acquired land.
 Small farmsSmall farms practicing subsistence farmingpracticing subsistence farming
(farming only enough crops to feed their own(farming only enough crops to feed their own
families).families).
3.3. African Americans and poor whitesAfrican Americans and poor whites
 These groups made up theThese groups made up the bottombottom portion ofportion of
Southern Society.Southern Society.

9. C. Bacon’s RebellionC. Bacon’s Rebellion
 Governor William BerkeleyGovernor William Berkeley
thought voting privilegesthought voting privileges
should beshould be reserved forreserved for
those who owned propertythose who owned property..
 Backcountry farmersBackcountry farmers
werewere angeredangered by this.by this.
 Nathanial BaconNathanial Bacon, a wealthy land, a wealthy land
owner, sided with the backcountryowner, sided with the backcountry
farmers.farmers.

10.  He organized aHe organized a militiamilitia and after attackingand after attacking
Native AmericansNative Americans who had attacked hiswho had attacked his
plantation, he seized power and chargedplantation, he seized power and charged
Berkeley withBerkeley with corruptioncorruption..
 After months of battling, BaconAfter months of battling, Bacon dieddied whilewhile
in hiding. His army fell apart without him.in hiding. His army fell apart without him.
 Bacon’s RebellionBacon’s Rebellion convinced many wealthyconvinced many wealthy
planters that the best way to keepplanters that the best way to keep
Virginian society stable was to allowVirginian society stable was to allow
backcountry farmersbackcountry farmers to own landto own land..

11. D. Slavery in the ColoniesD. Slavery in the Colonies
 Indentured servants began toIndentured servants began to decreasedecrease
and slavery began toand slavery began to increaseincrease..
Reasons:Reasons:
1.1. SlavesSlaves did notdid not havehave
to be freed.to be freed.
2.2. Land becameLand became cheapercheaper and most Englishand most English
settlerssettlers were not willingwere not willing to beto be
indentured servants.indentured servants.

12. E. The Slave TradeE. The Slave Trade
 Most slaves were taken fromMost slaves were taken from WestWest
AfricaAfrica..
 AboutAbout 1/3 died1/3 died onon
the journey across thethe journey across the
Atlantic called…Atlantic called…
““The Middle Passage”The Middle Passage”..

13.  DiseaseDisease andand starvationstarvation were hugewere huge
problems aboard slave ships.problems aboard slave ships.
 Slaves were sent from Africa toSlaves were sent from Africa to
NorthNorth AmericaAmerica,, South AmericaSouth America and theand the
CaribbeanCaribbean..

14. F. Growth of SlaveryF. Growth of Slavery
 Slavery grewSlavery grew very slowlyvery slowly..
 The first Africans came toThe first Africans came to VirginiaVirginia inin 16191619
and were actuallyand were actually indentured servantsindentured servants..
 As slavery began to grow itAs slavery began to grow it
became morebecame more defineddefined..
 It was recognizedIt was recognized by lawby law
inin MarylandMaryland inin 16381638..

15.  ByBy 16601660, laws were passed to lower the, laws were passed to lower the
status of Africans and deny them thestatus of Africans and deny them the
same rights as whites.same rights as whites.
 Slavery also becameSlavery also became
hereditaryhereditary..
 Eventually these laws wereEventually these laws were
grouped together intogrouped together into
slave codesslave codes..

16.  Slave CodesSlave Codes - sets of laws to- sets of laws to governgovern
slaveryslavery andand restrictrestrict the rights ofthe rights of
African Americans.African Americans.
 Examples:Examples: could not hold property,could not hold property,
could not testify in court, could notcould not testify in court, could not
have guns.have guns.

17. REVIEWREVIEW
1. What was the south’s economy based1. What was the south’s economy based
on?on?
2. Who were the first people to work on2. Who were the first people to work on
the Southern plantations?the Southern plantations?
3. What were slave codes?3. What were slave codes?