By Frédéric Miribel, presented at the 17th TCI Global Conference, Monterrey 2014.

1. Top-down & bottom-up approach? Evaluation of French
clusters – 2003/2018
Frédéric Miribel
Parallel 4.1 New Cluster Policies and Cluster Evaluation
12 November 2014

2. TOP-DOWN & BOTTOM-UP APPROACH?
EVALUATION OF FRENCH CLUSTERS – 2003/2018
FREDERIC MIRIBEL – INVEST IN LYON, FRANCE.

3. BOTTOM-UP OR TOP-DOWN?
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

4. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
• Initiate the policy in 2005
• Select clusters(71 over ~150 candidates)
• Finance 1.5 billion € / 3 years (x2)
R&D and operating costs
• Evaluate (2008- 2011 - 2014)
CLUSTERS
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
50%
50%
Top-Down
Bottom-Up
• Bring local actors together
• Sets up governance and Strategy
• Elaborate R&D projects
• Finance (R&D and operating costs)
• Promote

5. BACKGOUND & CULTURAL CONTEXT
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

6. 17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

7. WHY A CLUSTER POLICY?
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

8. => GROWTH & EMPLOYMENT
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

9. WHAT HAPPENED?
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

10. 71

11. TYPICAL PROFILE
OF A FRENCH CLUSTER
• The clusters cover most sectors of
activity, from emerging high-tech fields
(nanotechnologies, biotechnologies,
ecotechnologies, and so on) to more
mature sectors (automotive, aerospace,.
• In 2011, each cluster had an average of
187 members (108 SMEs, 16 ETIs, 13
major groups and 31 research and
training organisations).
• Their average budget was around €1.3m
• Their leadership teams were small (8 FTE
employees) and stable (more than 3
years in the job).
• SME involvement in clusters in 2011
– 86% are SMEs : In 2011, 86% of
the clusters' 7,500 member firms
were SMEs, 12% were ETIs and
2% were major companies.
– 63% of subsidies : In 2013, SMEs
received 67% of the financial
support granted to companies by
the state fund dedicated to
collaborative R&D projects
(Fonds unique interministériel,
FUI).

12. 17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

13. Main Clusters in Lyon
Biocluster Rhône Alpes :
650 companies, 100 000 jobs
Technical & functional textiles
All applications
www.techtera.org
Contact : Corinne Farace, contact@techtera.org,
Tel. +33 (0)4 72 86 16 30
Chemistry- Environment
To imagine the urban transport systems of tomorrow
Digital Content Cluster : 6% world market, 2000 jobs
Information Technology Cluster : 2200 companies, 26 000 jobs
www.axelera.org
Catalysis, Synthesize, Materials
To conceive chemistry in harmony with the environment
Contact: Marie-Emmanuelle Fréour info@axelera.org
Tel. +33 (0)4 78 77 83 64
World Clusters
Eco-Energies Cluster
700 éco- companies
www.ecoenergies-cluster.fr
Bus, Trucks, Transport
www.lutb.fr
Contact : Pascal NIEF, nief@lyon.cci.fr
Tél : +33 (0)4 72 40 59 29
Automobile Cluster
920 companies, 100 000 jobs
www.automotive-cluster.fr
Vaccines & Diagnostics
www.lyonbiopole.org
World cluster in virology which unites the main leaders in
vaccine and diagnostics
Contact : Isabelle Barbelet, info@lyonbiopole.com
Tel. +33 (0)4 72 40 79 75
World Cluster
Digital Content
www.imaginove.fr
Video Games, Animation, Images, Cinema
Contact : Ludovic NOEL, lnoel@imaginove.fr
Tel. +33 (0)4 26 23 41 20

14. WHAT DO THEY DO?
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

15. 17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

16. DID IT WORK?
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

17. 17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

18. 17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Source: Eurostat

19. 2005-2009
+7.3% in R&D Spending from SMEs
+19,000€ on average
No significant impact on IP/Patents
No significant impact on Turnover
+980 jobs, 570 highly qualified
2013-2018
Less national support
(-15 to 30%), more local
More business oriented
« From project factory
to product factory »
Source: Insee le 29 octobre 2014
Christophe Bellégo et Vincent Dortet-Bernadet
2009-2012
Thanks to cluster policies:
66% SMEs have created jobs 84% have saved jobs
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

20. INVISIBLE EFFECTS
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

21. WHAT IS COMING UP NEXT?
The French National government will reduce its
financial contribution to the management expenses
of the clusters by somewhere between 15% to 30%,
from 16,5M€
The LOCAL ACTORS will take over the differential cost
=> Regions are taking over: Bottom-up > Top-down

22. CITIES COMPETITON: THE FUTURE CHALLENGE
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

23. 17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

24. 17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

25. EMPLOYMENT WITHOUT GROWTH?
17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE

26. 17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE EUROPE : Still world’s #1 import/export market (35%)

27. 17 TH TCI GLOBAL CONFERENCE | CREATING SHARED VALUE THROUGH CLUSTERS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Source: Eurostat

28. Shares of global middle-income class
consumption 2000-2050
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Others
EU
US
Japan
India
China
Data source: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/12/52/44457738.pdf

29. Your contact
Frédéric Miribel, PhD
International Director
Tél : +33 (0)4 72 40 57 89
miribel@investinlyon.com
Lyon Area Economic Development Agency
Place de la Bourse
69289 Lyon Cedex 02 - France
www.aderly.com
THANK YOU!