History and upgrading of Tarbella dam

3. Pre Phase
Initiation
phase
Design &
Developm
ent
Phase
Conclusi
on
Operation
phase

4.  Energy crisis
 Strengthen agriculture system
 Regulate the flow of Indus river to avoid
flood.

5.  On april 1948,India cutoff supply of water from
three rivers Ravi,Satlaj & Beas.
 It causes a setback to our national economy and
disrupted Pakistan water resourses development
plan.
 To overcome this situation Indus water treaty(IWT)
was signed on 19 September 1960.

6.  Indus Basin Project was developed under IWT.
 Indus Basin Project had two subprojects on
Jhelum(Mangla) and Indus(Tarbella).

7.  Stakeholders were Government of Pakistan
and the people of Pakistan.
 Environment and climate
• In lower Indus plan , the temperature is 14-20
degree in winter and 42-44 degree in summer.
• Average rain fall in Indus plain is about
23cm.In lower Indus areas receives about 9cm
of average rainfall annually.
• Location of Tarbella Dam is such that about
90% of annual river is derived from snowmelt.

8.  Internal Constraints
• Provential Government
• Central Government
 External Constraints
• Indus Water Treaty(IWT):

9.  Affected Families
• About 135 villages were effected.
• It resulted in displacement of
population of about 9,6000 people.
• Land acquisition and a cash
compensation of RS.469.65 million
allotted to effected families.

10.  Design characteristics of Tarbella were evolved on the basis of
site investigation area over the period 1955-62.
 Searching the site for Dam was the responsibility of WAPDA,
which stated site investigation.
 It took 3 years of thorough investigation to select site.
 Sites Investigated
Three sites were chosen namely:
• Bara with Potential storage capacity of 13.7bcm.
• Kiara with potential storage capacity of 12.3bcm.
• Kirpalian with potential storage capacity of 5.3bcm.
 Final site chosen was Bara.

11.  Studies indicated that Bara had more favorable
geology.
 Bara would result in less expensive project.
 Contractor of projects
• Tarbella dam project was built by Tarbella dam
project venture , which was led by Italian
contractor Impregilo.
• The joint venture consist of 3 Italians and 3
French Civil Engineers.

12. • Five German and 2 Swiss companies joined them
in 1969.
• Chief Engr. Mr. SS Kerman was entrusted with
responsibility of evaluating technical aspects of
design on behalf of WAPDA.
• Estimated Hydropower potential was 2100MW.

13.  An estimate of financial requirement of Tarbella dam
project according to Lieftinck report were 1047.3 million
dollars including land resettlement and first eight power
units of 175MW each.
 This also include 150.5 million$ for import duties but
excluded interests during construction.
 Correspondingly estimated financial requirement
excluding Mechanical and Electrical power , but including
Civil Engineering work for eight power units was 99.6
million $.

14. Duration Capital Cost US$
Up to June 65 51 million
65-66 3 million
66-67 55 million
67-68 140million
68-69 618 million
69-70 983 million
70-71 1191 million
71-72 1159 million
72-73 394 million
73-74 612 million
74-75 497 million
75-76 334 million

15.  To meet capital cost balance of $354 million were
transferred from Indus Basin development fund to create
Tarbella development fund(TDF).
 TDF had a capital base of $ 989 million with commitment
from Govt. of Pakistan.

16.  Resources of Tarbella development fund.
Countries Funds( million $)
Australia 1
Canada 14
France 30
Germany 16
Italy 56
UK 51
USA 60
World Bank 71
Saudi Arabia 59
Kuwait 18
Abu Dhabi 25
Pakistan 697
Others 25

17.  Predicted and actual Impacts:
• Power House
Power Units Planned Actual(MW)
Tunnel 1 4*175=700MW 700MW(1977-78)
Tunnel 2 4*175=700MW 1050MW(1982-85)
Tunnel 3 4*175=700MW 1728MW(1992-93)
Total Installed
Capacity
2100MW 3478MW

18.  Predicted and actual Impacts:
• Schedule
Construction
Stages
Project
Component
Activities
Scheduled Actual
Mobilization Including award
of main contract
Jun1967- Dec1969 May1968-Dec 70
Stage 1 River diversion Jan 1968-Sep 70 May 68-Sep 70
Stage 2 Spillways,
Tunnels
Oct 70-Sep 73 Oct 70-Sep 73
Stage 3 Auxiliary Dam &
Power Station
Oct 73 –Sep 74 Sep 73-Sep 74
Flow through
Tunnel
Stage 4 Unit 1 & 2 Jan 75 – Mar 75 April 77-may 77
Commissioning
of Power
Unit 3 & 4 Oct 75 –Mar 76 Jun 77 – July 77

19.  Due to high demand of Electricity instead of making new
projects , the Govt. of Pakistan started to upgrade the
existing projects.
 In Sep 2013 , WAPDA signed RS:26.053 billion contract
with Chinese firm Sino hydro for executing Civil works on
the 1410MW Tarbella extension project.
 Work on the Project will be completed in 3 &1/2 years at
an estimated cost of $928 million.
 In June 2013 , The World Bank has agreed to provide a
$840 million loan for project.

20.  On completion , the project will increase generation
capacity from 3478MW to 4888 MW.
 Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif ordered WAPDA to increase
the feasibility study of Tarbella.
 Next extension would increase additional generation of
1320MW electricity and increase overall capacity to
6208MW.
 The Australian Govt. has shown its keen interest to
finance this latest extension.

21. Thank You