Conducted focus group interviews and awareness program with 35 farmers in Punjab and Tamil Nadu to know the challenges in agriculture due to the changes in the environment. Subsequently, took the problems to Chief coordinator and other experts for solutions and educated them.

1. CHALLENGES FACED BY FARMERS
DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES
PRESENTED BY:
Srivatsan . M (11713483)
Eshu Chauhan (11700607)
SUBMITTED TO: Dr. Praphulla Chandra
Assistant Professor

2. INTRODUCTION
This world has been witnessing changes in its environmental from its
beginning but post industrialization it has become faster.
Climate and farming are interrelated processes, both of which take place on a
worldwide scale.
In Indian context 70% of its agriculture and farming are dependent on
southwest Monsoon.

3. DATA COLLECTION & METHODOLOGY
Target population- the farmers who cultivate the majors crops of Punjab and
Tamil Nadu states such as paddy, wheat and Cotton.
Data type: Primary data
Sample size: 10 farmers in the village of Phagwara & Jalandhar in Punjab and
25 villages of Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu.
Methodology: participatory rural appraisal method. (PRA method)

4. QUESTIONS INTERVIEWED
 What crops do they cultivate?
 Do they face problems due to decrease in rainfall? If so, what are they?
 Is the soil fertility decreasing due to over usage of chemical fertilizers and
pesticides?
 Is there ground water depletion?
 Is there any industries nearby? Does the industrial effluents are affecting
their lands and the ground water?
 Do such environmental changes affect the seed quality?

5. FINDINGS
PUNJAB
(Virk,Hardaspur, Sarhali in
Phagwara & Nurmahal in
Jalandhar)
TAMIL NADU
(Thennamanadu, in Tamil Nadu)
Decrease in average rainfall is
not a problem
Decrease in average rainfall is a
problem
Incidence of Sheath blight
disease in was high
 Didn’t use disease resistant
varieties.
Incidence of sheath blight
disease was low

6. PUNJAB TAMIL NADU
Industrial effluents affected
the productivity
Couldn’t measure the impact
Other major rising issues,
- Ground water depletion
- Decline in the quality of soil
and ground water.
- Ground water is a prevailing
issue.
- Over usage of weedicide
affecting the soil quality

7. PADDY CROP AFFECTED BY SHEATH BLIGHT
DISEASE IN HARDASPUR PIND, PHAGWARA
Farmers in Hardaspur Pind, Phagwara

8. GALLERY SECTION
Meeting with farmers of Thennamanadu Village, Thanjavur
(July,2018)

9. GALLERY SECTION
Meeting the agricultural labourers in
Virk Pind, Phagwara
Meeting the agricultural
labourers in Hardaspur Pind,
Phagwara

10. GALLERY SECTION
Farmer in Sarhali Pind, Phagwara
With Dr. Kuldeep Singh Sir, H.O.D of
K.V.K Jalandhar

11. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
25
3
3
2
2
Number of farmers & Villages
Thennamanadu
Virk
Hardaspur
Sarhali
Nurmahal

12. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
13
8
5
3
6
Cultivation in 3rd harvest
Black gram
No cultivation
Potato
Cotton
Maize
35
Number of farmers
Paddy
Wheat
Cotton

13. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
25
10
Farmers affected due to
decrease in rainfall
Yes
No
35
0
Ground water depletion
Yes, it affects
No

14. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
4
19
12
Pesticide and fertilizer
affecting soil fertility
Yes, want to
change
Yes, Don't want to
change
Unaware

15. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
4
19
12
Pesticide and fertilizer
affecting soil fertility
Yes, want to
change
Yes, Don't want to
change
Unaware

16. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Industrial effluents
affecting soil and ground
water quality
Yes
No answer
7
28
Environmental changes
affecting seed quality
Yes
Unaware

17. SOLUTIONS
To tackle problems occurring due to reduction in rainfall:-
i. Traditional varieties should be cultivated, as they can with stand inadequate
rainfall. Yield may be reduced but crop may not fail where as hybrid varieties
may fail completely.
To increase the seed quality:-
i. Co-operative seed banks to produce and sell traditional high yielding endemic
variety of seeds. They are easily adaptable to the climate change than the
hybrid varieties.
To tackle ground water depletion:-
i. Govt. subsidies should be given to encourage drip irrigation.
ii. Conducting rain water harvesting awareness programs at regular intervals.

18. SOLUTIONS
 To increase soil fertility and its quality :-
i. Conducting vermicomposting awareness programs at regular intervals.
ii. Govt. should strictly insist the industries to have sewage treatment plants.
iii. Ban on usage and production and usage of red labelled pesticides.
iv. Stop burning of agricultural wastes.
 To tackle pests and disease :-
i. Invention and promotions of organic pesticides and practices to control
pesticides.
ii. Use of pests and animals to fight against pests.

19. CONCLUSION
Montek Singh Aluwalia, - Best way to eradicate poverty is to increase the social
expenditure on primary sector.
Agrarian crisis is the one of the major issues in India.
NCRB REPORT:
From 1996- 2012 farmers have died for every half an hour
In 2014, 5650 farmers suicide happened.