EXPERT SYSTEMS AND SOLUTIONS Project Center For Research in Power Electronics and Power Systems IEEE 2010 , IEEE 2011 BASED PROJECTS FOR FINAL YEAR STUDENTS OF B.E Email: expertsyssol@gmail.com, Cell: +919952749533, +918608603634 www.researchprojects.info OMR, CHENNAI IEEE based Projects For Final year students of B.E in EEE, ECE, EIE,CSE M.E (Power Systems) M.E (Applied Electronics) M.E (Power Electronics) Ph.D Electrical and Electronics. Training Students can assemble their hardware in our Research labs. Experts will be guiding the projects. EXPERT GUIDANCE IN POWER SYSTEMS POWER ELECTRONICS We provide guidance and codes for the for the following power systems areas. 1. Deregulated Systems, 2. Wind power Generation and Grid connection 3. Unit commitment 4. Economic Dispatch using AI methods 5. Voltage stability 6. FLC Control 7. Transformer Fault Identifications 8. SCADA - Power system Automation we provide guidance and codes for the for the following power Electronics areas. 1. Three phase inverter and converters 2. Buck Boost Converter 3. Matrix Converter 4. Inverter and converter topologies 5. Fuzzy based control of Electric Drives. 6. Optimal design of Electrical Machines 7. BLDC and SR motor Drives

1. EXPERT SYSTEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Email: expertsyssol@gmail.com
expertsyssol@yahoo.com
Cell: 9952749533
www.researchprojects.info
PAIYANOOR, OMR, CHENNAI
Call For Research Projects Final
year students of B.E in EEE, ECE,
EI, M.E (Power Systems), M.E
(Applied Electronics), M.E (Power
Electronics)
Ph.D Electrical and Electronics.
Students can assemble their hardware in our
Research labs. Experts will be guiding the
projects.

2. Stepper Motors

3. Stepper Motor
 A stepper motor is a motor that moves in steps .
 A stepper motor is one whose shaft moves in precise
angular increments for each electrical input.
Typical step sizes are 2°, 2.5° ,3°, 7.5° , 15°, 30°.

4. Stepper Motor…
 salient poles on both stator and rotor.
The stator poles are wound with coils
which carry relatively long pulses of
current.
The rotor poles are made from either
magnetically soft or hard iron.
 Ns always different from Nr.

6. Stepper motor operation
 Step angle β
angle through which motor shaft rotates for each
command pulse
β = (Ns~Nr)*360 / (Ns*Nr)
or β = 360 / (m*Nr)
where Ns=No. of stator poles (teeth)
Nr=No. of rotor poles (teeth)
m=No. of phases
 Displacement = β * No of control pulses
 (Rotation) Speed =(60*f) / SR rpm
step resolution SR=360 / β step/rev

7. Comparison to Servo Motors
Servo Motor Stepper Motor
Position Control Position Control
 require some form of  often open loop
analog feedback
 not subject to this  at high accelerations
problem with variable loads, all
rotor information is lost,
and closed loop is
required for accurate
control

8. Types of Stepper Motors
 Permanent Magnet
 Variable Reluctance
 Hybrid

9. Permanent Magnet Stepper motors
 Rotor is made of permanent magnetic
Material
 No teeth on rotor
 No freewheeling
 more torque during rotation
 Less acceleration
 Difficult to make small step pm rotors with
a large number of poles. i.e. step sizes
are limited to 30° - 90°.

10. Permanent Magnet
Stepper motors…
 Full Stepping
A-C 0˚
B-D 90˚
 Half stepping
A-C 0˚
A-C,B-D 45˚
B-D 90˚

11. Variable Reluctance
Stepper motors
 No permanent magnet
 Free wheeling
possible
 A - 0˚
C - 15˚
B - 30˚

12. Variable Reluctance
Stepper motors….
less torque

13. Hybrid Stepper motors
 A hybrid stepping motor has
characteristics of both PM and VR motors
 the rotor is a permanent magnet but has
blades like VR motors
 Rotor is magnetised axially to create the
poles
 motor has very high torque and very small,
precise step increments

14. Hybrid Stepper motors

15. Hybrid Stepper motors….
200 rotor teeth and rotate
at 1.80 step angles.
Also available in 0.9ºand
3.6º step angle
configurations.
used in a wide variety of
industrial applications.

16. Full step Mode
• One phase is energized at a time

17. Full step Mode

18. Full step Mode
Animation shows how coils are energized for full steps

19. Half Step mode

20. Half Step mode
 the second phase is turned on before the first
phase is turned off. Thus, sometimes both
phases are energized at the same time.
 During the half-steps the rotor is held in between
the two full-step positions.
 A half-step motor has twice the resolution of a
full step motor.
 Fast response
 Absence of detent torque

21. Half Step mode

22. Micro Stepping Mode
 Smooth and low speed operation with high
resolution
 Printing, photo type setting
 A – constant B –increased by very small
increments till 1 or max.
A -decreased by very B – constant
small steps till 0 or min

23. Advantages
 They produce the highest torque at low
speeds
 holding torque (not present in DC motors)
 Rotor has no winding, commutator or
brushes – quite, robust and reliable
operation

24. Applications
 Precise positioning and speed control
 Open loop position control
 Torque : 1µNm to 40 Nm
 Power : 1w to 2500w

25. Applications
 Film Drive
 Optical Scanner
 Printers
 ATM Machines
 Computer peripherals
 IC fabrication

26. Applications
 robotics
 digital control systems
 tape drivers
 disk drives
 tool positioning
 process control
 X-Y recorders