Demand Side Management (DSM) aims to encourage consumers to reduce electricity usage during peak hours and shift usage to off-peak hours through various methods like financial incentives and education. This helps utilities avoid costly capacity additions and lowers costs. In West Bengal, WBSEDCL sees a large difference between peak demand of 4,300 MW for a few hours daily compared to the base demand of 3,000 MW. DSM can help consumers play a role in reducing peak demand through energy efficiency and time-of-day pricing. WBSEDCL has undertaken some DSM initiatives in West Bengal like time-of-day meters, LED lighting replacement, energy audits, and waste heat recovery.

1. Demand Side Management:
Concept, Need and scenario in
West Bengal
Saroj Sarkar
Engineer (Retd.)
WBSEDCL 1

2. WHAT IS DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT?
• “Demand Side Management” is the modification of
consumer’s demand of electricity through various
methods such as financial incentives and consumer
education
• Usually the goal of DSM is to encourage the
consumers to use less energy during peak hours or
to move the time of energy use to the off-peak
hours viz. night
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3. UNDERSTANDING DEMAND AND SUPPLY
Q) Who Demands electricity?
A) The consumer
Q) Who will manage demand for electricity by the
consumers?
A) The Service provider with equal participation
from the Consumer.
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4. Need for DSM
• Saving 1 unit of electricity at consumer end
avoids nearly 2.5 times of capacity addition
• 1 MW capacity addition of thermal power
requires Rs 6 crores for installation and
another Rs 3 crores for Transmission and
Distribution
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5. Need for DSM …..(contd.)
• Increasing energy requirement
• Increasing threat of climate change and other
environmental considerations
• Energy security
• Lack of other supply options
• Huge scope for energy efficiency measures
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6. Demand is minimum between
12 a.m. and 6 a.m.
Demand is huge between
5:30 p.m. and 9:30 p.m.
Peak Demand at 7.30 p.m.
Since – Full Lighting load, and
other Commercial and
Domestic loads
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Usual Load Curve of an Utility for a 24 Hour period

7. Observations
• The peak demand of 4,300 MW is there for
only 5-6 hours in the evening
• The base demand is 3,000 MW, which is much
less than the peak demand of 4,300 MW
• To meet the extra demand utility has to
arrange additional installed capacity or
purchase power at high rate
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8. Observations …..(contd.)
• Thus utility will always try to encourage
consumers to:
– Use less energy during Peak hours (Peak
Clipping)
– Shift energy use to off peak hours (Valley Filling)
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9. Therefore consumers too have
a very important role to play
for achieving the objectives of
DSM
DSM
Utility
Consum
er
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10. HOW TO DO DSM?
• To charge higher prices during Peak Hours
• Improving the efficiency of various end uses by using energy
efficient appliances, better house keeping and reducing
energy leakages. This is important for agriculture where
energy efficiency is very low (30-50%).
• Promoting use of Energy Efficient Technologies and
addressing Aggregate Technical and Commercial (AT&C)
Losses
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11. Benefits of Demand Side Management
•
Customer Benefits Utility Benefits Societal Benefits
Satisfy electricity
demands Lower cost of service
Reduce environmental
degradation
Reduce / stabilize
costs or electricity bill
Improve operating
efficiency,
Flexibility
Conserve resources
Maintain/improve
lifestyle and
productivity
Improve customer
service
Protect global
environment
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12. Present Scenario in West Bengal
Major utility Service
Provider
Peak Load
WBSEDCL 4,600 MW
CESC 1,700 MW
Type of Consumer Percentage of Electricity usage under
WBSEDCL (2011)
Domestic 30.3%
Commercial 14.07%
Agriculture 10.25%
Industrial 35.93%
Others 9.36%
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13. Actions undertaken by WBSEDCL in West Bengal
• TOD meters for Industrial and Agricultural consumers
• 173 sodium vapour lamps replaced by LED
• Energy Audit undertaken in Government buildings and
corrective measures are being undertaken
• Waste Heat Recovery in some industries undertaken
• Bachat Lamp Yojna
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14. THANK YOU
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