July 30-130-CIG-Kevin Klingberg
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2019 SWCS International Annual Conference July 28-31, 2019 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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July 30-130-CIG-Kevin Klingberg
- 1. Farm Management Impacts to Tile Drainage Water Quality Kevan Klingberg, Outreach Specialist University of Wisconsin – Madison Discovery Farms Program 74th Soil and Water Conservation Society Annual Conference. July 28-31, 2019. Pittsburgh, PA
- 2. University of Wisconsin – Madison Discovery Farms Program Eric Cooley Aaron Wunderlin Kevan Klingberg Aaron Pape Discovery Farms Minnesota Tim Radatz 20+ Participating Farmers CIG Funded A Multi-state partnership Land-management-tile drain-water quality Monitoring methods Soil health TileWaterQuality andSoil HealthOn-Farm Research
- 3. DiscoveryFarmsis a farmer led waterqualityresearchandeducational program
- 4. Wemeasurethequantity and quality ofwaterleavingagricultural watersheds: Streams Edge-of-field Subsurface tiles
- 5. Discovery FarmsTile Project inWI and MN Intensively monitored tile sites surrounded by satellite locations Provide tools for farmers and advisors to diagnose and treat fields with high nutrient loss through tile drains Understand the link between soil health and tile drainage Great Lakes and Mississippi basins
- 6. TileStudy 4 counties in Minnesota Dodge, Renville, Stearns & Norman 4 counties in Wisconsin Shawano, Brown, Kewaunee/Lower Door & Manitowoc ~48 total sites
- 7. Study Design: 3 MonitoringStyles Site Type Intensive Sites (8) Intermediate Sites (20) Basic Sites (20) Flow Monitoring Constant Constant Bi-Weekly Water Sampling Constant Bi-Weekly Bi-Weekly Water sampling: suspended sediment, TKN, ammonium, nitrate, total P, dissolved P, chlorine Evenly split between states. 24 + 24 = 48
- 11. Soil HealthComponent • Testing soil health metrics • Chemical • Biological • Physical • ~300 site samples • ~250 from N Use Efficiency proj. • 48 from tile project • Looking for link between soil health and • clean water
- 12. Bi-weeklyvisit flow frequency:Variable; LandscapeSpecific
- 15. Going Forward: Tile DrainageWaterQuality Continue monitoring Engage participating farmers in awareness of individual farming system and water quality Evaluate: farm management + weather + site, regional tile flow + water quality + soil quality Explore / define farm management BMPs Effectiveness of intermediate and basic monitoring to complement intensive and understand water quality
- 16. Questions? Kevan.Klingberg@wisc.edu PO Box 429 Pigeon Falls, WI 54760 715-983-5668 www.uwdiscoveryfarms.org Eric Cooley Aaron Wunderlin www.discoveryfarmsmn.org Tim Radatz CIG Funded
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Discovery farms is a farmer led water quality research and education program. We conduct soil and water research on real, working farms across the state. We then bring the results of that research back out to the farming community through field days, workshops, conferences, and publications.
- Discovery farms is a farmer led water quality research and education program. We conduct soil and water research on real, working farms across the state. We then bring the results of that research back out to the farming community through field days, workshops, conferences, and publications.
- In 2017, we received an NRCS CIG grant to begin a new project in partnership with discovery farms Minnesota to monitor tile drainage systems. We want to understand how much soil and nutrients is being lost from tile systems and what management practices may have an impact on those losses. We can then provide a farmers and advisors the tools to diagnose fields with high nutrient losses and to make necessary management changes. We are also testing a new monitoring approach where we use lower intensity satellite monitoring sites to supplement the data collected by our typical intensive monitoring equipment. Finally, we are doing a wide variety of soil health testing to see if there is a link between soil health and tile drainage. Does healthy soil lead to clean tile water?
- We are monitoring tile systems in 4 counties in each state. In WI, we are in Shawano, Brown, Kewaunee and Lower Door, and Manitowoc. There are 24 sites in each state for a grand total of 48 sites. In this picture, we are installing an Agridrain, a type of water control structure that provides us access to the tile system for our monitoring equipment.
- Here is one of our intensive sites. You can see the agridrain in the foreground there with sample lines running into it. These intensive sites contain our continuous flow monitoring system that keeps track of how much water is flowing through the tile, and an isco automated water sampler that collects samples that we analyze for soil and nutrients. These sites collect excellent quality data, but are expensive to install and maintain. Because of that, we are utilizing several satellite locations surrounding each of these intensive sites to try to collect more data in a cost effective manner.
- Some of these satellite sites are what we call intermediate locations. These also have an agridrain installed to allow for the installation of a flow monitor. These sites collect 24/7 flow data, but water samples are only collected every 2 weeks.
- We also have these basic sites where we are simply taking flow measurements and taking water samples right at the outlet every 2 weeks.
- This is a chart showing how often the tiles are flowing when we do our bi-weekly visits. There is variability in how frequently the tile systems flow. 4 of the sites never stopped flowing, and 1 only was flowing twice. And there are a bunch of sites everywhere in between. Over 80% of the tiles flowed at least 50% of the time, but again, there is still quite a bit of variability. Flow frequency from all bi-weekly site visits in WI. 4 always run ~83% run >50% of visits 1 runs <25% of visits
- Bi-weekly grab samples: WI has more variation but median are nearly the same, with the possible exception for nitrate.