Assignment on production of Maize( Zea mays). It contains about maize crop i.e its cultural practices and other production measures.

1. :
From :- Gudia Khera

2. Introduction
• Botanical Name : Zea mays
• Family : Poaceae
• Origin : Mexico
• Three types of roots (a) Seminal
roots (b) Crown roots (C) Brace
/prop roots

3.  Maize is a cross pollinated crop
 Maize is known as Queen of cereals
 Percentage oil content in Maize is 4%
 Leading state of rabi maize is Bihar
 Maize protein is called ‘Zein’

4. Maize species : [Sturtevant,1899]
1. Zea mays indurate (Flint corn) –Most cultivated
in India .
2. Zea mays indentata (Dent corn) – most common
in USA
3. Zea mays everta (Pop corn) - when they are
heated the pressure built up within the kernel
suddenly result in an explosion and the grain is
turned inside out.
4. Zea mays saccharata (Sweet corn ) – Sweeter
than other

5. 5. Zea mays amylacea (soft corn )
6. Zea mays tunicata (pod corn )
7. Zea mays ceratinakulesh
(waxy corn ) – Produces starch
similar to tapioca

6. Climate requirements
• Maize requires the warmth and
humid climate
• For germination is 21 degree C
• For growth is 32 degree C .

7. Soil type :
• Maize thrives better on well drained ,sandy-
loam to silty – loam soils .
Land Preparation :
• Give four to five ploughings and plankings to
make the seed–bed free from clods and
weeds .
• Use mould board plough ,disc harrow or
cultivator for the 1st cultivation .

8. Time of sowing :
• Last week of May to end of June .
Seed rate:
• Use 7 kg seed for popcorn and 8 kg
per acre for other varieties .

9. Improved Varieties
• PMH 11 : It matures in 95 days and its average yield
is 22.0 q/acre .
• Parbhat : It yields about 17.5 q/acre
• PMH 1 : It matures in 95 days and average yield is 21
q/acre
• PMH 2: It matures in about 83 days and its average
yield is 18 q/acre
• Punjab Sweet Corn 1 : It matures in about 95-100
Days . Its average green ear and grain yield is 50 and
13 q/acre

10. Weed Management:
• Culture : Give two hoeings about 15 to
30 days after sowing with khurpa
/kasaula/wheel-hoe etc.
• Chemical : for control of dila/motha
,apply 400ml per acre 2,4-D amines salt
58 SL as post emergence 20-25days after
sowing in 150 L of water .

11. Irrigation management :
• Generally , 4 -6 irrigations are
required depending upon rainfall .
• Critical stages for irrigation –
Tasseling and Silking.

12. Nutrient management :
• Hybrid var : 120:50:40 NPK kg /ha
• Composite var : 100:40: 30 NPK kg
/ha
• Paddy straw compost @ 180 kg per
acre along with recommended dose
of fertilizers can be alternate to
FYM.

13. Harvesting and Threshing :
• The maize crop is ready for
harvesting even when the stalks and
leaves are some what green but the
husk cover has dried and turned
brown .
• Maize shelled when the moisture
content ranges between 15 to 20 % .