Dr. Hampaiah

1. natural farming
summit
water conservation
techniques
Dr. R. Hampaiah, Ex-Chairman
A.P. State Biodiversity Board,
Hyderabad
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2. WaterWater is the basis of AgricultureAgriculture
AgricultureAgriculture is the basis of lifelife
SoSo,, Water is lifeWater is life
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3. Nature
Two Eyes
Environment Biodiversity
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4. environment - five
elements
(Pancha bhootas)
•Water
•Air
•Soil
•Atmosphere
•Fire 4

5. Very important isVery important is WATERWATER
UN-UN-World Water Day –
March, 22
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6. WaterWater
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 71% of Earth’s crust is water
 Balance 29% is land
 Out of total water 96.5% is in seas & Oceans –
salt water
 1.7% is ground water
 1.5% is in glaciers and ice
 0.3% only is fresh water – rivers,
lakes and atmosphere
 Out of the available fresh water 70% goes to
agriculture

7. Hosting of COP-11 by India
In Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
Oct. 1st
– 19th
, 2012

8. Advisory committee meeting CoP - 12

9. CBD COP 12
by Republic of Korea
In Pyeongchang
Oct. 6th
– 17th
, 2014
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11. COP-11 in Hyderabad & COP-12 S-Korea
Unanimously declared that for
Biodiversity Conservation:
W T O is very important
(Not world trade organisation)
W = Water harvesting
T = Tree plantation (Useful trees)
O = Organic farming

12. Water is the basis of Agriculture
Agriculture is the basis of life
‘‘ So,So, Water is LifeWater is Life’’
Water – Truths:
Wherever water is there, development is certain
Only 5 - 6% of rain water is harvested 90% goes as
drain into river & sea.
30% of the rain water can be harvested by various
methods.
Ground water recharge is better than open harvesting
in tanks, wells and ponds.
70 – 80% plants & animals is water
2/3 water and 1/3 land in Universe

13. Water Shed Management
Ridge to Valley concept
Making running water into walking position
Slowing the speedy/slopy flowing water
Next Step:
Allowing walking water to percolate into ground
This percolation will increase ground water –
charging the wells-
facilitating farmers
to get water from one month(only in rainy season) to a
prolonged time i.e. 3-4 months.

14. Water Shed Management
Soil and Water Conservation measures.
Soil Conservation – principles
- Rainfall of high intensity – erodes top fertile soil
of land- need to be stopped by Scientific measures… viz.
Conservation tillage
Deep tillage
Conservation farming
Terracing
Water disposals
Other low cost measures
Plastic mulch
Biological mulch(Agro –
waste)
Cover crops /plants.

15. Ridge to Valley concept

16. Controlling the water velocity

17. Continuous contour trenchesContinuous contour trenches

18. Terracing to control the Hilly terrain –
controlling Soil erosion.

19. Staggered contour trenches on hilly
slopes.-Effective management

20. Controlled Contour Trench (CCT)
work-Successful

21. Rain water percolation

22. Rock fill dams- Slowing water to
percolate into ground
Rock fill dams
Gullies- plugging
Traditional method of
Bunding.
Percolation tank

23. Percolation tanks

24. Bench Terracing in hilly areas

25. Wells charged-Providing prolonged
supply from 1to 3 months.
Farm ponds – for
individual farmers
Check dams – for group of
farmers
Check dams – for
community Water charging – Wells –
more period of storage

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Increasing the area under Greenery
SOUTH KOREA EXAMPLESOUTH KOREA EXAMPLE
1945 only 15% greenery
2015 greenery increased to 85%
Rainfall 600 mm in 1945 &
2015rainfall – 2000 mm
Best way to increase water

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37. New initiatives by States:New initiatives by States:
Andhra Pradesh: Pattiseema Godavari –
Krishna river linkage by lift
irrigation
Telangana State: Mission Kakatiya – Tanks
Mission Bhagiratha – Drinking
water to every village & filling
up tanks 37

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UsefulUseful
Tree PlantationTree Plantation

39. Village Trees -
1 Neem Azadirachta indica
2 Neredu Syzygium cumini
3 Tamarind Tamarindus indica
4 Pongamia Pongamia pinnata /glabra
5 Mango Mangifera indica
6 Bodhi Ficus religiosa
7 Banyan Ficus benghalensis
8 Soapnut Sapindus trifoliata
9 Palm Borassus flabellifera
10 Sara Buchnania lanzan
11 Wood apple Ferronia limonia
12 Chandanamu Santalum album
13 Yerra
chandanamu
Pterocarpus santalinus
14 Simaruba Simarouba glauca
15 Ganga raavi Tespesia populinea

40. Multipurpose Trees –
16 Mahua Madhuca longifolia
17 Karivepaku Murraya koenigii
18 Drum Stick Moringa oleifera
19 Eruvaaku Glyricidia maculata
20 Karakkaya Terminalia chebula
21 Tendu Diospiros melanoxylon
22 Moduga Butea monosperma
23 Jack Fruit Artocarpus heterophyllus
24 Bamboo Bambusa vulgaris
25 Seetaphal Annona squamosa
26 Thaanni Terminalia bellerica
27 Maredu Aegle marmelos
28 Pala barika Holorrihna pubenscens
29 Ankudu pala Writea tinctorea
30 Nalla Jeedi Semicarpus anacardium

41. Medicinal Trees –
31 Usiri Kaya Phyllanthus emblica
32 Gummadi teak Gmelina arborea
33 Ashoka Tree Saraca ashoca
34 Booruga Ceiba pentandra
35 Yegisa Pterocarpus marsupium
36 Prmna Premna tomentosa
37 Banaba Lagerstromia speciosa
38 Gachchakaya Caesalpinea bonduc
39 Medi Ficus racemosa
40 Naga dundilam Oroxylon indicum
41 Anduga Boswellia serrata
42 Kovel gum/Tapasi Sterculia urens
43 Chandanamu Santalum album
44 Yerra chandanamu Pterocarpus santalinus
45 Tella Maddi Terminalia arjuna

42. Sandalwood-
Santalum album

43. - Red sanders
Pterocarpus santalinus

44. Sterculea urens tree for tribal’s income

45. Boswellia serrata

46. -
Phyllanthus emblica

47. Terminalia chebula /
Chebulic myroballon -
medicinal plant

48. Terminalia bellerica /
One of the Triphala – Beheda

49. Palmyrah-
Flowering
Fruiting
Borassus flabellifer

50. Palmyrah fiber for sweeping-
Borassus flabellifera-
Borassus flabellifer ( palmyrah)
Fiber bruches for
Road cleaning.
Toddy tapping

51. Palmyrah –Value added products
Thatched roof- leaves
Neera- alcoholic drink
Tegalu-

52. Pterocarpus marsupium-Yegisa
Heart wood powder is
having enormous demand

53. Terminalia arjuna –Tellamaddi
Bark of tella
maddi- coronary
blockage
problems.
Stem portion

54. Ficus racemosa – Medi
Bark has
medicinal
Value

55. Cassia fistula –Rela
Flower,
seed, Bark
Medicinal
Value

56. Saraca asoca –Ashoka/
Bark for
ladies
gynic
problems

57. Semicarpus anacardium/
Bhallataki got
good
medicinal
value

58. Efficient utilization of harvested water
 Drip irrigation
 Sprinkler irrigation
 Foliar spray
 Rain gun
Non-Seasonal crop production possible
through
Green House
Poly House
Shade Net
Mulching

61. Rain Gun Sprinkler

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Recharge the bore wells –Recharge the bore wells –
Existing and dead bore wellsExisting and dead bore wells
Dig 10X10X10 feet trench around bore
well.
Fill with boulders upto 5 feet and fill
with small pebbles followed by sand.
Cover with mesh and add soil over it.
All rain water will percolate

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79. SENSORS

80. SWEET CORN

81. CAULIFLOWER

82. CABBAGE

83. RICE

84. POLY HOUSE

85. GREEN SHADE NET HOUSE AND WHITE SHADE NET HOUSE

91. Organic farming – Cow farming – Natural farming:-
increase organic content in soil
 Green leaf manuring
 Green manuring
 Subhash Palekar method:
 Jeevamrutham
 Ghanamrutham
 NADEP method
 Composting
 Vermi compost
Improve soil biodiversity

94. The Ongole cow @ Rupees 11, 72, 46,200 (Rs.11.72 Crore)
Brazil

95. Ongole bull – beef madcow disease resistant

96. Punganoor cow – 8% fat in milk

97. in Brazil

98. Brazil

99. Water Pollution
• Industrial effluents let into the rivers, water
bodies, tanks, ocean will ultimately reach to
the ground water.
• Development of E. coli.
• Mercury, arsenic, lead compounds
acumulate in water.
• Sewage water reduces Dissolved oxygen
(D.O) and Biological Oxygen Demand
(B.O.D) increases.
• Application of agricultural chemicals like NPK-
washed into the water and causes damage.
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135. Save Water - Save life
MISSION BLUE

136. agrinova65@gmail.com
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