1. Presentation on production and
operations management
PRESENTED TO:- PRESENTED BY:-
MR. SHUDHANSHU SOMNATH DUBEY
SHARMA MBA 1st yER
2.
3. Production
A Production process consists of activities that are required in transforming an input
Set (human resources, raw materials, energy, money, information , etc.) to valuable
outputs with the help of processors.
Production system
a production system converts inputs into outputs with the help of processors.
a generalized production system can be represented as:-
INPUTS
• RawMaterials
• Resource
• Land, Labor
• Capital
Conversion
PROCESSORS
Addvalue
OUTPUTS
• Goods
• Services
4. TYPICAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Example:-
1.Computer Factory
2. Departmental store
Primary Inputs
Hard disk, Ram,
keyboard, DVD,
Motherboard, SMPS,
processer for
Buildings, displays,
scanners, merchandise,
Personnel, supplies,
utilities
Transformation
Assembles
Components to meet
customer orders,
including specialized
orders
Attracts
Customers stores
goods, sales products
Outputs
Desktop or Laptop
Computer.
Merchandise
sold
7. Continuous production system
Continuous means something that operates constantly without
any irregularities or frequent halts.
In the continuous production system goods are produced
constantly as per demand forecast. Goods are produced an a
large scale for stocking and selling. They are not produced on
customer’s orders. Here, the inputs and outputs are standardized
along with the production process and sequence.
For example:-
The production system of a food industry is purely based on the
demand forecast. Here, a large –scale production of food taes
place. It is a continuous production system.
8. Mass Production System
It refers to the manufacture of standardized parts of components on a large scale.
Standardization of materials, machines, products and processes is the basic feature of
mass production. The greater the volume of mass production, the more would be the
reduction in direct labor cost per unit. Mass production system is employes where
production is carried out without interruption, e.g., automobiles plant, electronics
industry, type industry, electrical, etc. Quality of products tends to be in form and high
due to the standardization and mechanization.
Here, company produces different types of products on a large – scale and stock them
in warehouses until they are demanded in the market.
For Example:- Mass production is the production of toothpastes, soaps, pens etc.
9. Flow Production system
Flow production involves a continuous movement of items through the production process. The
means that when one task is finished the next task must start immediately. Therefore the time
taken on each task must be the same.
Advantages:-
• Goods are produced in bulk.
• Goods are produced cheaply
• Time is saved.
Disadvantages:-
• High set up costs.
• Workers do not feel motivated.
10. CONCLUSION
Such production process are used by big and reputated
companies which need to produce in bulk, taking an example of
All the soft drink companies. Production in bulk is required as
they need to balance the demand towards the product.
11. INTERMITTEDPRODUCTIONSYSTEM
Intermitted production is performed on a start- and – stop basis, suchas for the
manufacture of made-to-order products. Done to produce small value and high
diversityproducts.
There are a three types of intermittedproduction system:-
1 Batchproduction system
2 Project production
3 Job shop Production
12. BATCH PRODUCTION SYSTEM
This process is adopted when batches or lots of item are to be produced using the
same set of machines in the same sequence. Here, the production of items takes
place in lots or batches. A product is divided into different jobs. All jobs of one
batch of production must be completed before starting the next batch of
production.
For example:- Manufacturing of drugs and pharmaceuticals, medium and heavy
machineries, Oil , Paints, Soft Drinks, bakery etc.
13. Job Shop Production system
One –off or small number of items produced
Normally made to customers specifications
Often undertaken by small, specialist business
Examples:-
Architects, Plumbers , Ship builders , Road builders
Advantages:-
Customer requirements and changes can be handled
Associated with higher quality
Employees can be better motivated – more job satisfaction
A flexible production method
14. Project production system
Here, in project production system, company accepts a single, complex
order or contract. The order must be completed within a given period of
time and an estimates cost.
For example:- Mainly include, construction of airports, dams, roads,
buildings, shipbuilding, etc.
15. Characteristics of Project Production system
Many agencies are involved in the project. Each agency performs specialized jobs.
Here, coordination between agencies is important because all jobs are interrelated.
• Delays take place in completion of projects due to its complexity and massiveness.
• As routing and scheduling changes with fresh orders proper inspection is required
at each stage of production.
