OBLIGATION

1. By Mr. Salam
SM (SALAM MACAPAT)
https://www.macapathouse.blogspot.com

3. 1. menerapkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan tulis yang
melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi
terkait keharusan melakukan suatu tindakan/kegiatan pada
waktu yang akan datang, saat ini, atau waktu lampau,
sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya. (Perhatikan unsur
kebahasaan should+(simple), should+(continuous),
should+(perfect))
2. menyusun teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan tulis yang
melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi
terkait keharusan melakukan suatu tindakan/kegiatan pada
waktu yang akan datang, saat ini, atau waktu lampau,
dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan
unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai konteks

4.  Teks lisan dan tulis untuk menyatakan, menanyakantentang keharusan melakukan
suatu tindakan/kegiatan pada waktu yang akan datang, saat ini, atau waktu
lampau
 Fungsi sosial
 Menyatakan dan menanyakan keharusan untuk menyarankan dan mengingatkan.
 Struktur teks
 You should take a rest because you will have a test tomorrow. Anggi
 She should be coming now.
 should have booked the ticket in advance…
 Unsur kebahasaan
 Kata kerja modal should dengan simple, continuous, dan perfect tense; tata
bahasa, ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi, ejaan, tanda baca, tulisan tangan dan
cetak yang jelas dan rapi.
 Topik
 Berbagai hal terkait dengan interaksi antara guru dan siswa selama proses
pembelajaran, di dalam maupun di luar kelas.

5. SHOULD VERB 1
SHOULD BE VERB ING
and SHOULD HAVE + VERB 3

6. Mario : Hi, Windy! Care to join me to the canteen?
Windy : That’s a good idea.
Mario : Well, Let me take my pocket money first!
Windy : Alright, I am waiting for you in the hall.
=====
Mario : Let’s go!
Windy : But, you should be having math class, now,
right?
Mario : No, it’s our break time now. The PE teacher
skipped the recess time so that we haven’t got
the break.
Windy : Oh, I see. I guess you should be changing your
sport uniform.
Mario : Never mind. I’ll do it later.

7.  you should be having math class
 you should be changing your sport uniform.

8. Function : Mengungkapkan harapan tetapi
tidak terjadi pada waktu sekarang (present)
Berikut penjelasan dan contoh harapan yang
tidak terjadi pada waktu sekarang (Present) :
harapan tetapi tidak terjadi pada waktu
sekarang (present)
 Not fulfilling an obligation in present.

9. Pattern :
(should + be + verb-ing)
Contoh
 This expresses the idea that the subject is not
fulfilling their obligation or is not acting sensibly.
 You should be wearing your seatbelt. (The person
isn't wearing one right now)
 We should be studying for the test. (We are not
studying right now and we should)
 By now, Margo should already be in
Swiss. Expectation

11. SHOULD VERB 1
SHOULD BE VERB ING
and SHOULD HAVE + VERB 3

12.  Should have:
expressing unfulfilled obligation in the past
 We use should have to say that someone didn't do
something, but it would have been the correct thing to do
it.
 You should have told them the truth.
You shouldn't have gone there – it was a mistake.
I don't think you should have done it.
 We often use should have to express regret about the past,
or to say that we made a mistake.
 I’m sorry for shouting at you – I shouldn’t have raised my
voice.

13. S+should + (not) have + (verb3)

14.  Should have expresses a failure to meet a
social norm or expectation in a past situation.
The past is expressed
with should+have+participle (perfect verb
form)
◦ People should have been honest. (but they weren't)
◦ People shouldn't have talked on mobile phones
during meetings. (but they did!)
◦ We should have worn black pants to work. (but we
did.)

15.  Should have expresses advice that comes too
late, after a specific event has already
occurred. One evaluates other options that
were not taken as possible future remedies.
◦ You should have tried ordering your movies
online. (but you didn't)
◦ He should have asked one of his professors for a
recommendation. (but he didn't)
◦ She shouldn't have talked on her mobile phone
when she was with you. (but she did)

16.  Should have expresses a past expectation
that was not met, disappointment. What we
normally expect did not happen.
A should have clause is often followed by
a but clause.
◦ The movie should have been available last
week. (but it wasn't)
◦ The mailman should have been there an hour
earlier. (but he wasn't)
◦ Students should have been nervous about taking
their exams last week. (but they weren't)

17. A: What are you doing?
B: I'm baking a cake.
A: No, you're doing it wrong!
B: What did I do?
A: You should have poured 3 cups of sugar
instead of 2!
B: Oh no. What should I do then?
A: Come, I will help you baking this time.

18.  Work in a group of three to four students.

19. 1. We ___________ more soft drinks. (should
have bought/should have buy)
2. I told you you would get lost, you
___________ a map with you. (Should have
taken/should have took)
3. Clara ___________ (skip) the class today, she
missed a lot from today's lecture. (shouldn’t
have skipped/should have skipped)
4. They ___________ (drive) during the storm.
(should have driven/shouldn’t have driven)
5. Alex ___________ to me. (should have
lietened/should have listen)
Underline the correct answer!

20. 6. I ___________ to my teacher. (should
have apologized/ should have apologize)
7. Susan couldn't finish her assignment on
time. She ___________ (work) on it every day
since the day it was assigned. (should have
worked/ should have work)
8. We are late for the meeting.
We ___________ home so late. (shouldn’t
have leave/shouldn’t have left)
9. I feel so sick. I ____________ all that cake.
(shouldn’t have eaten/should have ate)
10. We ____________ all of our money on
clothes, we don't have enough for food now.
(shouldn’t have spent/should have spend)
Underline the correct answer!

21.  Let’s go to the word file form for more
practice!

22. 1. Do you think we should to take this DVD
player back to the store where we bought
it? It plays the picture out of sync with the
sound.
2. It should have worked fine. I was watching it
this morning and it was all right.
3. I want to take it back because the salesman
should tell us about that problem, but he
didn't.

23. 1. The instructions say that we should
restarting the machine to fix the audio-video
sync problem.
2. We shouldn't have to do that, do we?
3. You ought to call the store and ask them
what you should to do.

24. 1. Do you think we should to take this DVD player
back to the store where we bought it? It plays
the picture out of sync with the sound. I
2. It should have worked fine. I was watching it this
morning and it was all right. C
3. I want to take it back because the salesman
should tell us about that problem, but he didn't.
I
4. The instructions say that we should restarting
the machine to fix the audio-video
sync problem. I
5. We shouldn't have to do that, do we? I
6. You ought to call the store and ask them what
you should to do.

25. Put should, shouldn’t,should have or shouldn’t
have in the correct sentence!
1. She eats hamburgers and drinks sodas too
much! She ___________ have an healthy life!
2. You ___________ called her.
3. They ___________ cut these trees before.
4. He ___________ married so young.
5. You ___________ go and see a doctor.

26. Put should, shouldn’t,should have or shouldn’t
have in the correct sentence!
6. They___________ let their son go out at
night, he is too young.
7. His friend ___________ smoked so much.
8. Children ___________ eat too many sweets.
9. Paige ___________ worked. She has a bad
mark.
10. People ___________ eat five fruit every day.

27. 1. Haven't they given you the money back yet? They
(do) it last Monday.
2. All the applicants (register) before the end of
September, otherwise they will not receive the
instructions in time.
3. He (arrived) at 10, but he was almost half an hour
late.
4. You (finish) this project completely before you start
the next one.
5. You (lend/not) him so much money when he asked.
It will take you a lot of time to get it back.

28. 6. You (call) them yesterday. Now it's too late.
7. We (invite) them to last week's meeting. Now it
looks as if we don't want to do business with them.
8. She (take) more exercise. It would do her good.
9. You (leave/never) any documents on your desk
when you are out of the office. There are a lot of
sensitive and confidential details in them.
10. (we/contact) him and tell him about the changes?
Otherwise he won't know what's happening

29. Fill in the gaps in the sentences below using the
verb in brackets with either should or should have.
1. Haven't they given you the money back yet?
They should have done it last Monday.
2. All the applicants should register before the
end of September, otherwise they will not
receive the instructions in time.
3. He should have arrived at 10, but he was
almost half an hour late.
4. You should finish this project completely
before you start the next one.
5. You should not have lent him so much money
when he asked. It will take you a lot of time to
get it back.

30. Fill in the gaps in the sentences below using the verb in
brackets with either should or should have.
6. You should have called them yesterday. Now it's
too late.
7. We should have invited them to last week's
meeting. Now it looks as if we don't want to do
business with them.
8. She should have taken more exercise. It would do
her good.
9. You should never leave any documents on your
desk when you are out of the office. There are a lot
of sensitive and confidential details in them.
10. Should we contact him and tell him about the
changes? Otherwise he won't know what's
happening

31. In this exercise, you have to read the situations
and write sentences with should (have) and
shouldn’t (have).
Example:
• The speed limit is 30 miles an hour but Tom is
driving at 50.
– He shouldn’t be driving so fast.
• When we go to the Chinese restaurant there were
no free tables left. We hadn’t reserved one.
– We should have reserved a table.

32. 1. It is very cold. Mr. James, who has been ill recently, is walking along
the street without wearing a jacket.
– He …………………………………………………………………………………
2. We went for a walk. We were hungry while we were walking, but we
hadn’t brought anything with us to eat.
– We said: We …………………………………………………………………..
3. I went to Paris. Marcel lives in Paris but I did not go to see him while
I was there. When I saw him later, he said:
– You ………………………………………………………………………….
4. The notice on the door of the shop says that it is open every day at
9.00. It is now 11.30 but the shop isn’t open yet.
– ……………………………………………………………………………….
5. The driver of a car in front of me stopped suddenly without warning
and I drove into the back of his car. It was not my fault.
– …………………………………………………………………….

33.  Work in pairs. Make a short dialog using
should.

35. EPT

36. 1. Andi : Do you have problems with your
teeth? I think you _____ be going to
a dentist, your cheeks are getting
bigger.
Dona : Thanks for your suggestion.
a. Should
b. May
c. Could
d. Can
e. Must be

37. 2. ‘Does Anto know that Mirna had an accident
yesterday?’
‘I don’t think so. We……………… as soon as
we knew it.’
a. May have told him
b. Should have told him
c. Had to tell him
d. Must have told him
e. Would have told him

38. 3.‘There’s a letter stating that Ina has to leave
for the U.S next week.’
‘Well, she ……….. the news right away then.’
a. Should tell
b. Should have told
c. Should be telling
d. Should be told
e. Should be telling i

39. 4. Tita : “did someone throw those old letters
away?
Ita : “ yes, but it was a mistake. They…..thrown
away.
a. Shouldn’t have been
b. Are not going to be
c. Have not been
d. Wouldn’t be
e. Should have been

40. 5. “Rita hast just missed the plane to medan”
“ She….at the airport at last two hour before
departure”
a. Was
b. Should been
c. Should Have been
d. Has to be
e. Should

41. 6. Ryan : Do you know about the illegal import of sugar
that happened recently?
Dave : Yes, but not much. I think the police ………
the importers and the official who backed this illegal
activity
Ryan: I agree with you. But they always have reasons
not to be arrested.
a. caught
b. have caught
c. are catchting
d. would be caught
e. should have caught

42. 7. Frank : Edy was hurt because he was electrocuted
last night.
George : He shouldn’t have touched an electrical
appliance when he was wet
From the underlined words we know that Edy …..the
electrical appliance
a. doesn’t need to touch
b. was required to touch
c. had better touch
d. didn’t touch
e. touched

43. 8. Student 1 ; andi, is late again
Student 2 : he is never on time, I think he…
a. Could have woken
b. Ought to wake
c. Should have woken
d. Would have woken
e. Should

44. 9. Adi : Why do you look so sad?
Ati : Someone stole my money when I was going to
school by train
Adi : you should have kept your money in your bag
From the dialogue we know that: …………..
a. Ati didn’t keep her money in her bag
b. Adi feels sorry to hear ati’s story
c. Ati and adi ws in the same train
d. Ati had saved her money well
e. Adi advised ati to keep her money well

45. 10. X : A thief broke into my house. He stole all
of my money
Y : You ………. Your money at bank
a. must have deposited
b. should have deposited
c. will have deposited
d. can deposit
e. may deposit