Construction Futures Wales - Boost your green performance 2016

1. Construction Futures Wales
Ian Widdrington and Rob Beattie
24th and 26th May 2016
Boost Your ‘Green’ Performance
An Introduction to the Environmental and Sustainability
issues facing the Construction Industry

2. Agenda
• What Construction Futures Wales Can Offer
• Construction - Effects on the Environment
• Good and Bad Site Practices
– Airtightness
• Environmental Management Systems
– ISO14000
– Green Dragon
• Physical and Non Physical Waste/SWMP
• Carbon Management

3. • Partnership between Welsh Government & CITB Wales
• Joint Investment Strategy £3m gross over 3 years….to
support economic ‘growth’
• Revenue only programme funding specialist
consultancy support
CFW

4. How can we help you?
• Company Health Check, Full Business Diagnostic,
Benchmarking & Strategy Planning
• Events, networks, news and reviews
• Fully Accredited Leadership & Management Courses
(Cardiff Met / CIM)
• Expert Consultancy, Supply Chain Development,
Collaborative Working, Understanding Costs,
Sourcing, Quality Standards, LEAN, (etc)

5. How do I access this?
www.constructionfutureswales.co.uk
www.dyfodoladeiladucymru.co.uk
Click ‘Apply Now’ to start the process
Twitter: @CFW_Wales

6. Press The ‘Apply Now’ Button!
• CFW seeks to support ‘growth’ companies
• 10 employees
• T/O exceeding £500k
• Potential for growth & development

7. Boost Your ‘Green’ Performance
An Introduction to the Environmental and Sustainability
issues facing the Construction Industry

8. Policy Landscape - Wales
• ‘Towards Zero Waste’ = Waste Strategy for Wales
– Consultation now closed – working groups developing sector
strategies
– Milestones:
» 2025 – 75% diversion of waste away from landfill (across
all sectors)
» 2050 – zero waste to landfill
– Replaces ‘Wise about waste’ – 2002
– Supports the ‘One Wales: One Planet’ agenda – based upon
ecological footprinting

9. Construction Effects on the Environment

10. The Environment On Site
Phrases that you hear talked about...
• Climate change
• Global Warming
• Resource Depletion
• Loss of habitat

11. These are factors that are important for the way we all live and
for the future...
• Climate change
More extremes of weather – floods, drought, cold winters and so on
• Global Warming
Gradual increase in the average world temperature. Affects
agriculture and population location.
• Resource Depletion
Running out of resources – oil is one example
• Loss of habitat
Deforestation being a prime example. This means we lose the
species that live there and the stabilising effect that forests have on
the planet.
Environmental Issues

12. CO2 Last 1000 years
But what about before that?

13. 394
Source: www.grida.no/climate UN Environment Programme

14. What Is the UK
Government Doing?
Older
• KYOTO: the UK was committed to achieving a 12.5%
reduction in its emissions of greenhouse gases by 2012.
• UK and Wales have signed up to the 2020 EU target of
20% of energy requirements (electricity, heating and
vehicle fuels) coming from renewable sources. However, it
was recently stated that the UK’s contribution to this
overall 20% EU target was most likely to be in the region
of 10 to 15%
Recent
• Climate Change Act 2008 (Updated 2015)
– 80% reduction in CO2 by 2050!

15. What is WG doing?
• Technical Advice Note (TAN) 8: Planning for Renewable Energy sets
renewable electricity targets for Wales of 7TWhr by 2020
• The Microgeneration Action Plan for Wales targets:
– 100,000 micro heating systems installed by 2020
– 200,000 micro electricity systems installed by 2020
– 50 combined heat and power and/or district heating systems in place
by 2020
• Solar Farms
• Tidal Lagoons

16. Resource Efficiency
Resource Efficiency
Energy Materials Water
Materials ‘In’ Materials ‘Out’
Maximise the reuse of reclaimed
materials
Efficient
demolition
More recycled
materials
Waste reduction
Design
Procurement
Logistics
Site Management
Materials recovery
Site segregation
Efficient MRF

17. How does Construction
affect the Environment?
In many ways for example:
• Energy to produce building materials (embedded CO2 )
• Buildings during their lives use significant energy
• The resources required to build
• By taking up land
• Creating noise and pollution
• Construction creates significant waste

18. Why should we care?
• Because this is everyone's problem
• Because in future failures on site will be
costly for contractors (penalty clauses,
Government funding)
• Because otherwise on-site working and skill
may be displaced

19. House of Commons
Environmental
Audit Committee
“We recommend that the Government
introduces much higher penalties for developers
who fail to meet energy efficiency regulations in
practice, and provides financial incentives for
developers based on the number of properties
that pass a post completion site inspection.”
Twelfth Report of Session

20. Why Does
Site Work Matter?
Also in many ways:
• The building is designed to work in a
certain way – the design must be
translated into reality
• Materials use on site; minimisation of
waste

21. There Are Many Factors When
Producing Low Impact Buildings
Many Are DESIGN issues!

22. And you may not have much of an impact on
DESIGN issues
But
ON SITE and AS BUILT issues are vital to
translate good design into a finished building!

23. What is the issue?

24. Self Interest
• Companies that are forward thinking about the
environment will tend to prosper
• Companies that don’t will tend to get less work and
may well be financially penalised
• YOUR Jobs WILL depend on it.

25. Current UK
Energy standards
Comparison of Energy Performance Standards
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
DwellingStock
ODPMADL1-
2002
ADL1-2002
ODPMADL1-
2006
ADL1-2006
EST"Good"
EST"Best"
AECBSilver
EST
"Advanced"
AECBGold
PassivHaus
kWh/m2
yr,deliveredenergy
appliances
cooking
lighting
fans/pumps
w ater heating
space heating
‘real world’ Part L 2006
PassivHaus
‘current stock average’

26. Which factors do we specifically
need to be aware of?
There are several ways that site
work will be increasingly affected by
environmental issues:
• Airtightness
• Waste
• Build as Designed
• Awareness

27. Airtightness
• Air change is needed for ventilation, but excess air
leaking into or out of the building must also be either
heated or conditioned
• It has been found that in most cases it is a lack of
awareness of why airtightness is needed that results
in poor site practice.

28. Infiltration vs. Ventilation
“Build Tight – Ventilate Right”
• A dwelling cannot be too airtight
• But it can be under ventilated

29. Requirements
• Air permeability 5m3/m2h at test
pressure 50Pa (Current Part L Wales)
• This will only get more stringent as
time moves on. The previous AD Part L
was double this at 10m3

30. What level of Airtightness
should you achieve?
• Sweden – 3
• Germany 1.8 – 3.8
• Super E (Canada) – 2.0
• Passivhaus – 1.0
(in 1981!)
• A.D. Part L Wales – 5m3/m2hr @ 50Pa
• EST Enhanced Construction Details – 3

31. Benefits of
Airtightness
• Heated/cooled air will be retained in the building
• Little or no cold air (draughts) being drawn in from
outside
• Reduced CO2 emissions
• Reduced cost of fuel bills
• Energy efficient building
• Improving the average air permeability by
3m3/hr/m2 @ 50 Pa would typically save 90 kg of
CO2 per year.
• However, if you apply this average saving across
the estimated 134,000 new-builds erected in the
UK over 12,000 tonnes of CO2 would be saved per
annum.

32. Funding/Payment
• At the moment some funding depends on
achieving levels
• If what was built is inadequate then
expensive remedial works might well be
required.
• If the building isn’t brought up to spec then it
might not be saleable or mortgage, grants or
awards may not be made.

33. • Requirement to declare the air permeability figure
you have used for the calculation process
• Requirement demonstrate that the building’s air
permeability is less or equal to the figure used
• If air permeability exceeds the target performance
figure there is a requirement to compensate by
increasing energy efficiency in other areas…
• Or carry out expensive remedial sealing work
• Air permeability seen as surrogate for build quality
In the past only the DESIGN was considered…AS
BUILT is now checked!
Funding/Payment

34. Possible Air
Leakage Paths

35. Airtight Membrane

36. Bad Details

37. Bad Details

38. Bad Details

39. Bad Details

40. Bad Details

43. Better Details

44. Windows
1.4 Part L

45. Junctions

46. Junctions

47. Seal Junctions/Joints

48. Waste - Physical and Non-Physical

49. Waste
Estimated total annual waste arisings by sector : 2004
29%
5%
9%
12%
13%
<1%
<1%
32%
Agriculture (inc.Fishing)
Mining and Quarrying
Sewage sludge
Dredged materials
Household
Commercial
Industrial
Construction and Demolition
Total = 335 million tonnes

50. Basic Waste Issues
• 420 million tonnes of resources used per year
• ~ 100 million tonnes of waste produced per
year
• 10% materials wastage rates
• 26% of waste can be packaging
• Void space of 40% in skips
• More than £32 per tonne!

51. What is Physical Waste?
Anything that ends up in a skip!

52. Cost of Waste
- Your Thoughts?
8 cubic yard skip:
Skip hire £
Labour to fill skip £
Cost of materials put in skip £
TOTAL TRUE
COST £
BUT ALSO:
Environmental Codes REQUIRE
waste management

53. Good Waste
Management?

54. Site Waste Management Plans
• Before the start of the project:
– Describe each waste type that will produced throughout the
project
– Estimate the amount of each waste type
– ID waste action for each waste type including: reuse, recycling,
recovery and disposal
• Recording of:
– Types and quantities of waste produced
– That have been reused, recycled, landfilled
• Afterwards:
– Comparison of estimated quantities for each waste type against
actual quantities
– Estimate of cost savings

55. Waste Do’s and Dont’s
• DO:
• Store materials neatly and
protected to avoid damage
• Keep materials in their packaging
for as long as possible to avoid
damage
• Try to reduce the amount of
waste you create on site
• Keep off-cuts for use elsewhere
• Reuse materials until no longer fit
for purpose, e.g. shuttering,
fencing
• Segregate waste into different
types
• Store waste in correct skip/zone
• DON’T:
• Don’t put waste materials into the
wrong container
• Don’t open new packages or pallets
until the current ones in use are
empty
• Don’t leave materials unprotected
or where they are likely to be
damaged by, e.g.
• Rain
• Mud
• Moving vehicles
• Don’t burn or bury waste – it’s
illegal!
• Don’t mix different types of waste –
it prevents recycling

56. Non-Physical Waste
• Waiting for things
• Moving things
• Searching for things
• Checking work
• Going to buy things already in the van
• + More

57. Embodied Impacts
• All materials have an embodied CO2 impact which is
the costs associated with the production and use of
the material.
• These impacts are not widely measured YET.
• Lowering waste is a good way to reduce the
embodied impact.
• Look at design too

58. Build As Specified
Past models have been based on the DESIGN stage
only. Post construction assessment tended to be for
reference purposes only. New assessment methods
actually check that was has been built is what was
designed and certificates are awarded on what was
BUILT! This places much more emphasis on the on
site activities
Design stage is the promise……
The post construction phase is the delivery

59. • Evidence is now required that what was
designed was built. Evidence required will
include receipts.
• It is not acceptable to swap materials –
timber for example or fittings like taps. These
can form part of the Environmental Standard!
Build As Specified

60. Awareness
In addition to the specific issues
described there are a number of
other factors which fall into the
category of awareness of
Environmental Issues

61. Things to be aware of
• What the design is trying to achieve? Is insulation correct? Is
the cavity clear?
• Where is the airtightness barrier: Don’t perforate it!
• Why and How materials being used: Store correctly, don’t
substitute, reuse, recycle
• How is my work interacting with others: Will I degrade what they
have done
• Can I minimise waste in my work
• Is water from my process running off the site. Is it being
contaminated?
• Is what I’m doing affect the Considerate Contractors scheme
credits?
• Am I working within the Contractors requirement to monitor
waste, energy, transportation and so on.

62. How do we build buildings
• Can traditional methods be used to produce good
environmentally sound building?
• If they can’t we will probably move to a more
“factory” off site methodology – On site jobs will
change or go totally!

63. Volumetric
3D units produced in a factory fully fitted out
Constructed from a variety of materials (steel, timber,
concrete…)
Most suitable for flats bathroom/kitchen pods possible

64. Panellised
• Factory produced flat panel units which are
transported to site for assembly.
• A wide variety of materials including timber, steel,
concrete and composite panels

65. Hybrid
• Also known as Semi – Volumetric
• Combines volumetric and panellised approaches within the
same building
– Example Bathrooms and kitchen built as pods
– Remainder of dwelling built as panels

66. Modern Components &
Sub-Assemblies
• Pre-fabricated Foundations, ground beams and other components
assembled to form foundations quickly and accurately.
• Roof Cassettes. Designed to leave loft with more space
• Light Weight Cladding Systems link well with OSM systems due to their
low structural loadings and speed of installation.
• Brick slips, rain screen

67. On-site Manufacture
• Thin Joint Block. Thinner, faster setting mortar
• Aircrete Planks. Lightweight, insulating concrete
• Insulated formwork. Insulation poured with concrete

68. You Are Important!
• You do the day-to-day work
• You are most likely to see opportunities to reduce
waste
• Identify and report failings in the design – detailing
for example
• Identify and report where the as built is not as
designed
“Designers seldom get feedback and only notice problems when
asked to investigate a failure.”
A BLYTH, Crisp Commission

69. Old v Good
Refurbishment

70. Old v Good Refurbishment Thermal
But ALSO the difference between good and
bad constructed!

71. Green Certifications:
A Competitive Edge?

72. BSI Conference

73. EMS
Understand what you want to achieve
Discover the best way for you to operate
Document your processes.
Deploy procedures
Communicate
Involve
“This is the way we do things here”
Demonstrate your capability at Audit

74. The Basics
Say what you do
Do what you say
Prove it
Improve it

75. JP Dunn Construction

76. Steps To Certification

77. Organisation
Senior Commitment
Communicate the Plan
Establish a EMS ‘Team’
Train Key Staff
Begin internal auditing
Think about certification/accreditation

78. Preparation
Document existing processes
–Quality, Environmental and Health and Safety
procedures
–Standard Operating Procedures (SOP’s)
–Method Statements
Identify Improvement Opportunities
Adapt SOP/Method Statements
Prepare EMS Manual

79. If External Accreditation
• Agree on Audit body
• Submit Systems Manual
• Arrange a pre-assessment
• Respond to recommendations
• Conduct a ‘dress rehearsal’
• Submit revised Systems Manual
• Align policies and procedures

80. Audit
• Conduct the audit
• Respond to findings
• Submit Corrective Actions
• Award of Certification
• Communicate & Celebrate
– Internally
– Market the qualification

81. For Next Audit
• Maintain Status
• Review
• Improve
• Use Internal Champions
• Communicate

82. Green Standards –
A Competitive Edge?
Generally Recognised:
ISO 14001 (2015)
Green Dragon in Wales (Audited by GoundWorks)
5 stage process:
• Level 1 - Commitment to Environmental Management
• Level 2 - Understanding Environmental Responsibilities
• Level 3 - Managing Environmental Impacts
• Level 4 - Environmental Management Programme
• Level 5 - Continual Environmental Improvement
MCS?
A thought: If your preferred route is ISO Consider ISO
Triple Standard at the same time to minimise cost
(£/time) of audit

83. Renewables:
MCS Certification
• Recognised ‘Standard’ by most RSLs, LA, etc.
• Needed if you are a ‘serious’ installer
• Route follows ISO 9000 process approach
• Needs an install of “product” for audit
• Feed-in Tariffs still mean good business
• Paybacks 7-8 years
• 10% ROI typical (Pension Funds)
•Biomass, Ground/Air Source/Turbine

84. Carbon Management

85. Carbon Management
• Businesses are under pressure to reduce their carbon footprint
and many have made public commitments to doing so. Carbon
management services play a strategic role in helping
businesses to achieve their carbon reduction targets, which
now form part of many organisations’ reports to shareholders
and other stakeholders.
• Research by the Carbon Trust has shown that 70% of people
want businesses to disclose their carbon emissions. 56% of
people are now more concerned about the actions businesses
are taking to reduce their impact on the environment than
they were five years ago.

86. Carbon Management – Why?
• Legislative Drivers
• Understand your Companys Environmental Impacts
• Cost Saving
• Reputational Benefit
• Improved Staff Satisfaction
• Improved Engagement with Stakeholders
What To Measure and Understand……

87. Carbon Management
ENERGY
ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (KWH)
ELECTRICITY COST
GAS CONSUMPTION (KWH)
GAS COST
OIL CONSUMPTION (KWH)
OIL COST
OTHER CONSUMPTION (KWH)
OTHER COST
OUTPUT UNITS
(E.G. STAFF NUMBER, UNITS OF PRODUCTION)
ENERGY IMPROVEMENT MEASURES PUT IN PLACE

88. Carbon Management
WATER
WATER CONSUMPTION (M3)
WATER COST
OUTPUT UNITS
(E.G. STAFF NUMBER, UNITS OF PRODUCTION)
WATER SAVING MEASURES PUT IN PLACE

89. Carbon Management
WASTE
NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE LAND FILLED (TONNES)
COST
HAZARDOUS WASTE LAND FILLED (TONNES)
COST
OUTPUT UNITS
(E.G. STAFF NUMBER, UNITS OF PRODUCTION)
WASTE MINIMISATION MEASURES PUT IN PLACE
(INCLUDE REDUCTIONS WHERE POSSIBLE)
RECYCLING OPPORTUNITIES IMPLEMENTED
(MATERIALS AND QUANTITIES)

90. Carbon Management
TRANSPORT
MILES TRAVELLED
FUEL CONSUMED (LITRES) PETROL:
DIESEL:
LPG:
OUTPUT UNITS
(E.G. STAFF NUMBER, UNITS OF PRODUCTION)
TRANSPORT INITIATIVES UNDERTAKEN

91. Carbon Management
OTHER
PREVIOUSLY IDENTIFIED LEGAL NON-COMPLIANCES NOW
RECTIFIED
TRAINING
POLLUTION RISKS IMPROVED OR IDENTIFIED
NEW BUSINESS SECURED OR PROTECTED THROUGH GREEN
DRAGON AND/OR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENTS
ANY OTHER QUALITATIVE OR QUANTITATIVE IMPROVEMENTS
OVER THE PREVIOUS 12 MONTHS AS A RESULT OF ADVICE,
TRAINING OR GRANT AID ETC?
IMPROVEMENTS DIRECTLY RELATED TO IMPROVEMENT PLAN
OR OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS WHERE NOT STATED ABOVE.
GRANTS ACCESSED AND VALUE
USE OF OTHER PROGRAMMES (E.G. CARBON TRUST, WASTE
ADVICE, ENVIROWISE)

92. Summary
• Environmental impacts affect our companies and individually
• Improving our Green credentials will help the planet
• Improving our Green credentials will save us money as
contractors and home owners
• New materials and methods may be worth considering!
• Preparation for certification can be an ‘eye opener’
• CFW can help with that preparatory work

93. Any Questions?
Ian 07717 862797
ian.widdrington@enterprise.uk.com
John 07831515525
john.Humphries@enterprise.uk.com

94. Before We Start: Some Acronyms!
• EMS - Environmental Management System
• BREEAM - BRE Environmental Assessment Tool
• ODPM - Office Of the Deputy Prime Minister - B Regs
• EST - Energy Saving Trust
• AECB - Association for Environmentally Conscious Building
• ECON 19 - Carbon Trust Energy Consumption Guide 19
• Passivhaus - European developed standard